Ngaba wakha wambona umntu esitya into ethile okanye elunywa sisinambuzane aze ngequbuliso azive egula, enengxaki yokuphefumla, aze azive exhalabile? Mhlawumbi une-allergy encinci. Kodwa namhlanje asithethi ngento elula kangaka, kodwa sithethe nge-allergy eyingozi kakhulu enokuba yingozi ebomini. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wena nabantu obathandayo nazi ngale nto.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-anaphylaxis?
I-Anaphylaxis, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylactic shock, yi -allergy eqatha enokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukuba une-allergy enjalo, kufuneka ufumane idosi ye-epinephrine (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-adrenaline) ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ayinyangwa, le meko ingabulala.
I-Epinephrine ingazilawula ezi mpawu zinzima kwimizuzu embalwa. Ukuba oko akusebenzi, idosi yesibini inganikwa kwimizuzu engama-30. Eli yeza lifumaneka kunye nomyalelo kagqirha. Liza ngeepeni zokujova ezilula ukuzisebenzisa kunye nezitshizi zeempumlo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungaze uthathe iipilisi ze-antihistamine (umz., iPiritan) zodwa xa kukho i-anaphylactic reaction efana nale. Akwanelanga.
I-Anaphylaxis yimeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nayo. Ukuba une-allergy kwiyeza okanye kwi-latex, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na unyango, nokuba ngugqirha wamazinyo. Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukuphatha ikhadi elinolwazi malunga ne-allergy yakho okanye unxibe isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango.
Ukuba ukhe waba ne-anaphylaxis ngaphambili, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nayo kwakhona uphezulu. Kwaye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nale meko okanye une-asthma, umngcipheko wakho uphezulu nangakumbi.
Masichonge amanqanaba apho le meko iyingozi ikhula khona.
Impendulo ye-anaphylactic idla ngokuhamba ngamanqanaba aliqela. Kodwa inokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Iimpawu ziqala kancinci kwaye zibe mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko ke ukuba uyazibona iimpawu kwangethuba, ungafumana uncedo ngaphambi kokuba imeko ibe mandundu.
| Iqonga | Iimpawu ozifumanayo |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba loku-1 (iimpawu ezibuthathaka) | Kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba oku yi-anaphylaxis okanye yi-allergy eqhelekileyo. Usenokuba nokurhawuzelelwa, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nempumlo egobhozayo. Ukuba uyazi ukuba usemngciphekweni, lumka ezi mpawu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-2 (iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo) | Iimpawu ngoku zinzima kancinci, zisasazeka kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba. Izilonda zinokubonakala emzimbeni wonke. Ubuso, imilebe, nolwimi ziyadumba. Amehlo ayamanzi. Kuba nzima ukuginya. Iintlungu zesisu, ukuhlanza, okanye urhudo nazo zinokubakho. Kweli nqanaba, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha. |
| Inqanaba lesi-3 (iimpawu eziqatha) | Kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphefumla. Usenokuva iintlungu esifubeni sakho. Isantya sentliziyo yakho sinokucotha (ukubetha kwentliziyo okubuthathaka). Usenokuziva unesizungu, utyhafile, okanye ulahlekelwe zingqondo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylactic shock. |
| Inqanaba lesi-4 (elisongela ubomi) | Eli lelona nqanaba liyingozi kakhulu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla kakhulu. Ukubetha kwentliziyo kubuthathaka kakhulu. Iindlela zomoya ziyadumba, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kakuhle, kwaye ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. Le meko inokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo okanye ekufeni. |
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili ze-anaphylaxis?
Nangona iimpawu zokuqala zinokubonakala ngathi zizinto eziqhelekileyo zokunganyamezelani komzimba (ukurhawuzelela, ukurhawuzelela), iimpawu eziqatha ngakumbi zinokuvela kwimizuzu engama-30. Zininzi iimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhohlela nokuphefumla
- Intlungu yesifuba , ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuqina
- Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, isiyezi, ukudideka, okanye ubuthathaka
- Ukurhawuzelela, ukubomvu kwesikhumba kunye nokurhawuzelela
- Ukuxinana kwempumlo okanye impumlo egobhozayo kunye nokuthimla
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (i-palpitations)
- Ukudumba nokurhawuzelelwa kwemilebe okanye ulwimi
- Ukudumba komqala, ukurhawuzelela , ubunzima bokuginya
- Ukugabha, urhudo, iintlungu zesisu
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okubuthathaka, ulusu olukhanyayo
- Ukungaqondi kakuhle kwamagama xa uthetha
- Ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yingqondo
Abanye abantu bathi ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke le meko imbi kangaka, babeziva benetyala, ngokungathi “kuza kwenzeka into embi.”
Ngamanye amaxesha, impendulo yesibini ingenzeka kwiiyure ezili-12 emva kwempendulo yokuqala. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-biphasic anaphylaxis.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Ngamafutshane, i-anaphylaxis kukusabela ngokugqithisileyo kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwinto engenabungozi (umz. ukutya). Oku kusenokungenzeki okokuqala xa into ingena emzimbeni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, le mpendulo inokuba nzima.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantwana
Ukutya yeyona nto ibangela i-anaphylaxis ebantwaneni.
- Iinati
- Ukutya kwaselwandle (Iintlanzi ezifana ne-Shellfish, i-crab, i-squid)
- Intlanzi
- Ubisi
- Amaqanda
- Isoya
- Ingqolowa
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu abadala
Kwabantu abadala, le meko idla ngokubangelwa ngamayeza .
- Ukutya kwaselwandle (iinkumba)
- Amantongomane emithi afana ne-cashews, i-almonds, kunye ne-pecans
- Iinati
Ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo
- Amayeza: I-Penicillin (efakwa kwi-injection endaweni yepilisi), ezinye izithomalalisi-ntlungu, iintlungu ezifana ne-aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen, kunye nezithomalalisi-ntlungu.
- Ukuluma kwezinambuzane: Ukuluma okuvela kwizilwanyana ezifana neenyosi, iinyosi, kunye neehornets.
- I-Latex: Ifumaneka kwiiglavu zasesibhedlele, iibhaluni, nezinye izinto. Abanye abantu banokuba nefuthe lokusabela nokuba baziva nje ngevumba lazo.
Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela awufumaneki. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-idiopathic anaphylaxis.
Ugqirha uyazi njani ukuba le yi-anaphylaxis?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba une-allergy enzima okanye usemngciphekweni we-anaphylaxis, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha. Uza kukubuza nge-allergy yakho kwaye angenza novavanyo oluthile ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongiwe.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa inqanaba le-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-tryptase. Eli nqanaba linokuphakama egazini ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-3 emva kwe-anaphylaxis.
- Uvavanyo lolusu: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba une-allergy kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya kunye neekhemikhali.
Unyango olungxamisekileyo kunye nonyango lwasesibhedlele
Unyango olusebenzayo nolukhawulezileyo lwe-anaphylaxis yi-epinephrine . Ukuba usemngciphekweni, kufuneka uhlale uphethe ubuncinane iidosi ezimbini ze-epinephrine ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho.
Yintoni omawuyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?
Ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, nika i-epinephrine ngoko nangoko . Emva koko, nokuba iimpawu ziyaphela ngokupheleleyo nangokukhawuleza, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) okanye ubize i-ambulensi ngoko nangoko . Kukho umngcipheko wokusabela kwe-biphasic.
Esibhedlele, ungadinga unyango olongezelelweyo:
- Ukunika ioksijini ukunceda ekuphefumleni.
- Nika ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi kunye nee-steroids okanye ii-antihistamines.
- Ukuphefumla umphunga wamayeza afana ne-Albuterol ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla.
Ungagcinwa phantsi kweliso esibhedlele kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kwenzeka na ukusabela okwesibini.
Ungakuthintela njani ukuphinda kwenzeke kwakhona?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela ukuba ungabi naso isifo uze usiphephe ngokupheleleyo.
- Isixhobo songxamiseko: Soloko ugcine i-epinephrine injector okanye i-nasal spray oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho kufutshane. Hlaziya iyeza ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe lixesha.
- Yazisa oogqirha bakho: Xelela bonke oogqirha bakho (kuquka nogqirha wakho wamazinyo) malunga nee-allergies zakho.
- Jonga iilebheli zokutya: Ukuba une-allergies zokutya, funda iilebheli kwizinto ozithengayo evenkileni ngononophelo. Buza ngazo ngaphambi kokuba u-odole ukutya kwindawo yokutyela.
- Nxiba isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango: Oku kwazisa abanye ngemeko yakho kwaye kunceda xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo konke oku, usenokufumana into ethile onayo i-allergy ngaphandle kokuyiqonda. Ngoko ke kubalulekile kuwe, kusapho lwakho, nakubahlobo bakho ukuba niyazi into enimele niyenze ukuba oko kuyenzeka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anaphylaxis yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango esongela ubomi efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.
- Chonga kanye kanye izinto ezibangela ukuba ube ne-allergy kwaye uziphephe.
- Ukuba usemngciphekweni we-anaphylaxis, soloko uphatha ubuncinane iidosi ezimbini ze-epinephrine ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Sebenzisa i-epinephrine ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu zibonakala kwaye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Yazisa usapho, abahlobo, kunye nabantu basemsebenzini ngemeko yakho kwaye ubachazele into abafanele bayenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
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