Ngaba ukhe walunywa yikhalane? Funda nge-Anaplasmosis!

Usenokuba uzive uqaqambile kwaye unesicaphucaphu emva kokuhamba ehlathini, okanye emva kokusebenza okanye ukudlala egadini. Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka ngokungalindelekanga, konke oku kungenxa yekhalane elincinci. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esithwalwa ziikhalane ekufuneka usiqaphele. Leyo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaplasmosis.

Yintoni i-Anaplasmosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-anaplasmosis lusulelo lwebhaktiriya . Iibhaktiriya eziyibangelayo zibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)`. Ingena emizimbeni yethu xa silunywa yikhalane elosulelekileyo. Iqala ngeempawu ezincinci ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokubanda, kodwa ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokuba yingozi. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-`(human granulocytic anaplasmosis - HGA)`.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le sifo?

Kumazwe afana neMelika, kuxelwa ukuba abantu abamalunga nama-5,000 ukuya kuma-6,000 banesifo minyaka le. Nangona sinokubakho nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka, sixhaphake kakhulu kwiinyanga zikaJuni, uJulayi, uOkthobha, noNovemba. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-blacklegged tick iyasebenza kakhulu ngelo xesha. Ekubeni i-ticks zikhona nakwilizwe lethu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Zithini iimpawu ze-Anaplasmosis?

Iimpawu zesi sifo zihlala ziqala ukubonakala kwiveki okanye ezimbini emva kokuluma kwekhakhayi. Iimpawu eziphambili ezinokubonakala zezi:

• Tshisa kakhulu.
• Ukugodola
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha
• Ukudinwa, ukudinwa
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba (oku akuqhelekanga kangako)

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ubona ezi mpawu uze ucinge, "Lo ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo," uze ungayinyangi, imeko inokuba mandundu. Usenokuba neempawu ezinzulu ngakumbi, ezifana nokulahlekelwa zingqondo kunye nokuxhuzula.

Kutheni i-Anaplasmosis isenzeka?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, imbangela ephambili yoku yintsholongwane ethi `(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)`. Le ntsholongwane ingena emizimbeni yethu ngeentshongo ezibizwa ngokuba yi`(blacklegged ticks)` (ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziintshongo zeenyamakazi) kunye ne`(western blacklegged ticks)`. Xa ezintshongo zifunxa igazi lezilwanyana ezifana neenyamakazi, iimpuku, iinkomo, kunye namahashe, ukuba ezo zilwanyana zosulelwe yile ntsholongwane, intshongo nayo iyasuleleka. Emva koko, xa loo ntshongo isiluma, intshongo ingena emizimbeni yethu.

Khawucinge nje, umhlobo wakho, masithi uKasun, uye wahambahamba ehlathini elikufutshane neNuwara Eliya. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, waba nomkhuhlane omkhulu, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. Kuphela xa wabona ugqirha apho wafumanisa ukuba unesifo se-anaplasmosis ngenxa yokulunywa ziincukuthu. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa usiya emahlathini nakwiindawo ezinengca eninzi.

Kunqabile kakhulu,Kuye kwaxelwa ukuba esi sifo sinokudluliselwa ngokutofelwa igazi.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo?

Nabani na unokufumana i-anaplasmosis. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba nesifo esinzulu ngenxa yayo. Ezi ziquka:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala
• Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka. Umzekelo, abantu abane-HIV, abaguli abanomhlaza, okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba.
• Ukuba unyango alufuneki kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kokuqala kweempawu.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-Anaplasmosis?

Ukuba akunyangelwanga ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka, i-anaplasmosis inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• I-Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) : Oku kuthetha ukuba imiphunga ayisebenzi kakuhle.
• Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso (ukulimala kwezintso okukhawulezileyo)
• Ukopha ngaphakathi (ukopha igazi)
• Usulelo okanye ukudumba kwengqondo (i-meningoencephalitis)

Ezi meko zingabeka ubomi esichengeni, yiyo loo nto sicebisa ukuba ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu.

Ifunyanwa njani i-Anaplasmosis?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuxilonga i-anaplasmosis kukwenza i-bacterial culture yesampulu yegazi lakho okanye olunye ulwelo lomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, kuba kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba i-bacteria ikhule, ugqirha wakho uya kufuneka agqibe ukuba uza kuqala na unyango ngaphambi kokuba iziphumo zifumaneke.

Okwangoku, ugqirha unokufikelela kwisigqibo sokuqala ngokusekelwe kwezi zibakala:

• Iimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yempilo.
• Uvavanyo lomzimba.
• Nokuba kutshanje (kwiiveki ezintathu ezidlulileyo) uye kwindawo apho kukho iimpukane (nokuba awukhumbuli ukulunywa yimpukane).
• Ubalo lwegazi kunye nolunye uvavanyo lwegazi. Oku kunokubonelela ngeziphumo ngokukhawuleza kuneentsholongwane, kodwa kusenokungabi njalo.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo zegazi ezikhethekileyo zoku?

Uvavanyo lwegazi olumbalwa lunokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-anaplasmosis. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthatha inxeba elincinci engalweni yakho aze athathe isampuli yegazi, eliza kuthunyelwa kwilebhu. Ilebhu ingenza olu vavanyo lulandelayo:

• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo: Oku kujonga inani leeseli ezahlukeneyo egazini lakho xa kuthelekiswa nenani eliqhelekileyo lomntu ongena-anaplasmosis.
• Uvavanyo lwe-PCR `(Uvavanyo lwe-PCR - I-Polymerase chain reaction)`:Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa nokuba zincinci kakhulu izinto zemfuza zebhaktheriya (i-DNA okanye i-RNA) kwisampulu yegazi.
• I-Serology: Oku kujonga ukuba unazo na ii-antibodies ezichasene neebhaktheriya ezibangela i-anaplasmosis.
• Ukukhula kweentsholongwane: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oku kuquka ukuzama ukukhulisa iintsholongwane kwisampulu yegazi.

Inyangwa njani i-Anaplasmosis?

Oogqirha banyanga i-anaplasmosis ngesibulali-ntsholongwane esibizwa ngokuba yi -doxycycline . Esi sidla ngokuthathwa iintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-10. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela iyeza ixesha lonke elichazwe ngugqirha wakho , kwaye ungayeki ukulithatha nokuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphucuka.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unesifo esi? Uchacha njani?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba unyango luqaliswa kwangoko nje ukuba iimpawu ziqale, ungaphila ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni isifo sakho sinzima kangakanani, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango.

Uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 emva kokuba uqalise amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki.

Ngaba i-Anaplasmosis inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ewe, i-anaplasmosis inokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango lwe-antibiotics. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kungathatha ixesha ukuba iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa kunye nokudinwa ziphele ngokupheleleyo.

Iyintoni ingozi yokufa ngenxa yesi sifo?

Izinga lokufa ngenxa ye-anaplasmosis limalunga ne-0.5%, elimalunga nomntu omnye kumakhulu amabini afumana esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, eli zinga linokuba phezulu kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.

Ungayiphepha njani i-aplasmosis?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku kukuzikhusela kwiinkawu. Ungenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Gcina ingca egadini inqunyulwe ingabi ngaphantsi kweesentimitha ezintlanu.
• Xa uhamba kwiindawo ezinamahlathi, sebenzisa iindlela ezicociweyo kuphela.
• Sebenzisa izitshizi zeencukuthu ezine-DEET, ezigxotha iimpukane. Okanye sebenzisa olunye ulwelo oluvunyiweyo ukukhusela iimpukane.
• Xa usiya ehlathini okanye kwiindawo ezinengca, nxiba impahla egubungela umzimba wakho kangangoko unako. Iihempe ezinemikhono emide, iibhulukhwe ezinde, kunye neekawusi. Ukuba uya rhoqo kwiindawo apho kukho iimpukane, ungathenga nempahla egxotha iimpukane.
• Jonga umzimba wakho ukuba awunazo na ii-tick emva kokuba ubuyile ngaphandle. Ungalibali ukujonga iindawo ongazinaki rhoqo, njengemiqolo yakho kunye namakhwapha. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, cela omnye umntu ukuba ahlole iindawo ongaziboniyo (njengomqolo wakho, intloko).
• Buza ugqirha wezilwanyana malunga nendlela engcono yokukhusela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya kwiinkumbi. Kwakhona, soloko ujonga iinkawu xa ziphuma ngaphandle.
• Ukuba ubona ikhala emzimbeni wakho, yazi kakuhle indlela yokulisusa ngokukhuselekileyo uze wenze njalo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ulunywe yikhalane – okanye ubukwindawo apho ikhalane linokubakho – kwaye uneempawu ze-anaplasmosis, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwakhona, ukuba ulunywe yikhalane kodwa awunazo iimpawu, kusengcono ukuthetha nogqirha. Nangona ii-antibiotics zodwa zingayi kuyithintela i-anaplasmosis ukuba ikhule, ugqirha angakuxelela oku kulandelayo:

• Ingaba kufuneka na amayeza okuthintela ezinye izifo ezithwalwa ziincukuthu.
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uzazi?
• Ndingambona nini yena okanye omnye ugqirha kwakhona?

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba unezi mpawu ziqatha, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwama-40 degrees Celsius (103 Fahrenheit).
• Ukuba ukhwehlela igazi.
• Ukuba unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla.
• Ukuba kukho utshintsho engqondweni okanye ukudideka.
• Ukuba uneentlungu zesisu eziqatha.
• Ukuba unesithuthwane.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, kunokuba luncedo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ndingayisebenzisa njani kanye kanye le yeza?
• Ngawaphi amanye amayeza endingawasebenzisa ukulawula iimpawu zam ekhaya?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba mandundu kweempawu ezikhoyo ekufuneka ndiziqaphele?
• Ndingalindela ukuba ndiphile ixesha elingakanani?
• Ndingakubona nini kwakhona?

Ngaba i-Anaplasmosis nesifo seLyme ziyafana?

Ewe, i-anaplasmosis kunye nesifo seLyme zizifo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Zombini zibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezidluliselwa ziincukuthu. Nangona kunjalo, isifo seLyme sibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiBorrelia burgdorferi, ngelixa i-anaplasmosis ibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiAnaplasma phagocytophilum.

Iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba zinokubonakala kwezinye izifo ezininzi - uninzi lwazo alubangelwa ziincukuthu. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha elinje, apho kungekho zifo zisasazekayo, ukuba ubukhe waba kwindawo apho kukho iincukuthu kwaye ufumana ezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha. Uza kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uvavanyo kunye nonyango olufunekayo, okanye nokuba kufuneka uhlale ujonge iimpawu zakho kwaye uzibone kwakhona.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi ngoku uyaqonda ukuba i-Anaplasmosis sisifo esithwalwa ziincukuthu esifuna unonophelo oluthile. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuzikhusela kwiincukuthu. Ukuba ungaphandle, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinemithi okanye ezinengca, ungalibali ukulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Ukuba uneempawu, musa ukucinga nje ukuba "ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo," kodwa bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokukunceda uphilise ngokupheleleyo esi sifo kwaye uthintele iingxaki ezinzulu. Nyamekela impilo yakho!

I- Anaplasmosis, iimpukane, umkhuhlane weempukane, usulelo lweebhaktheriya, umkhuhlane, iimpawu, uthintelo