Ngaba uhlala ufumana umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane ngexesha lemvula kwaye xa imozulu itshintsha? Ngaba uziva ngathi ungabamba lula neyona nto incinci? Isizathu esiphambili saloo nto sinokuba kukuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho, oko kukuthi, ukhuselo esithetha ngalo, lubuthathaka kancinci. Ngoko ke, yintoni le khuselo, kwaye singayiqinisa njani kwaye sihlale sikhuselekile kwizifo , masithethe namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le nkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela?
Khawucinge nje ukuba umzimba wethu ufana nelizwe. Ngoko ke le nkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba ifana nomkhosi namapolisa aloo lizwe. Umsebenzi ophambili wale nkqubo kukuthintela iintshaba ezivela ngaphandle, oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo, ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni.
Ngamafutshane, luthungelwano olunamandla nolulungeleleneyo lweeseli kunye namalungu emizimbeni yethu asebenzisanayo ukufumana nokutshabalalisa izinto zangaphandle. Njengomsebenzi "wokukhangela nokutshabalalisa", amandla akhethekileyo abizwa ngokuba zii-immune cells ahamba emzimbeni wonke ukuze afumane kwaye atshabalalise aba bahlaseli.
Isebenza njani le nkqubo yokhuseleko?
Oku kusebenza ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Imizimba yethu yenza iiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies. Ezi antibodies zisebenza njengabalindi bokhuseleko bomzimba wethu. Ziyaqaphela kwaye zitshabalalise naziphi na iiseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye zangaphandle, ezifana neentsholongwane, ezingena emzimbeni. Ezi antibodies zidlala indima enkulu ekusikhuseleni kwizifo ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo kunye nomkhuhlane esiwufumanayo sonke.
Ukongeza, imizimba yethu inenye indlela yokuzikhusela, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cell-mediated immune system. Oku kuhlasela nezinto ezifana neeseli ezosulelwe yibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane .
Eyona nto imangalisayo ngale nkqubo yinkumbulo yayo. Xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni okokuqala, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba iyikhumbula kakuhle. Ngexesha elilandelayo intsholongwane efanayo ingena emzimbeni, ithi, "Owu, ndiyayiqonda le," ize isebenzise loo nkumbulo ukutshabalalisa utshaba ngaphambi kokuba ibangele ukugula.
Lo ngumgaqo osebenza ngawo amachiza. Umkhuhlane, imasisi, irhashalala, ihepatitisAmayeza okugonya izifo ezifana ne-) enziwa kusetyenziswa inani elincinci kakhulu lentsholongwane ebuthathaka okanye ebuleweyo. Xa oku kunikwa umzimba, iiseli zethu zomzimba zinokusabela kuyo, ziqaphele utshaba, kwaye zifunde indlela yokuzikhusela kwixesha elizayo xa kuvela intsholongwane yokwenyani. Kufana nokuqeqesha umkhosi wethu.
Ngaba utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda koku?
Ewe ngokwenene! Imikhwa yethu emibi yempilo inokulibazisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha besoloko besixelela ukuba siphile ubomi obusempilweni. Ukuba ulandela ezi zinto, uya kuziva umahluko omkhulu.
1. Nciphisa uxinzelelo.
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza. Xa uhlala uxinezelekile, umzimba wakho ukhupha iihomoni zoxinzelelo. Oku kwenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukulwa nesifo. Iindlela zokuphumla, umthambo wemihla ngemihla, kunye neendlela zokulawula uxinzelelo zinokunceda kakhulu.
2. Lala kakuhle.
Ukuze inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba isebenze kakuhle, kufuneka ulale kakuhle iiyure ezisi-7 ukuya kwezisi-8 ngosuku . Kuxa silele apho imizimba yethu izilungisa khona kwaye inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba iqina.
3. Ukuzilolonga
Ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla kunceda ukugcina inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Imikhwa emihle efana nale inyusa inqanaba leproteni ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-IgA kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Le proteni ilwa neentsholongwane. Oko kukuthi, ithintela iintsholongwane ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni kwaye ikwanceda ekutshabalaliseni iintsholongwane ezingene emzimbeni.
4. Lumka ucoceko
Eyona ndlela ilula neyona ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane kukuhlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi rhoqo . Ziqhelise ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ubuncinane ixesha elithathayo ukucula ingoma ethi “Happy Birthday” kabini (malunga nemizuzwana engama-20).
Zeziphi izitofu ezibalulekileyo esifanele sizifumane?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana imigonyo yakho ngexesha ukuze ukhuseleke wena kunye nosapho lwakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngale nto uze ufumane icebiso elifanelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, nazi ezinye zezigonyo ekufuneka uzifumane.
| Yekabani? | Igama leGonyo | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Abantu abadala nabantwana (uninzi) | I-COVID-19 kunye noGwelo loMkhuhlane | Ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne-HIV kunye nomhlaza. (Igonyo lomkhuhlane alinikwa abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala). |
| Abantu abadala | I-Tetanus | Ifanele ihlaziywe rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10. |
| Abantu abasebenza kwimisebenzi enobungozi (umz. abasebenzi basesibhedlele) | IHepatitis A kunye neB | Buza ugqirha wakho ngeemfuno ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomsebenzi wakho. |
| Kubantwana nabantwana abancinci (ngokweNkqubo yeSizwe yokuGonya) | ||
| Abantwana nabantwana abancinci | IHepatitis A kunye ne-B | Zonke ezi gonyo zinikwa xa zineminyaka efanelekileyo phantsi kweNkqubo yeSizwe yokuGonya eSri Lanka. Jonga iKhadi lokuGonya lomntwana wakho uze uthethe nogqirha wosapho lwakho okanye iofisi yeGosa lezeMpilo lendawo yakho (MOH) ukuba uphoswe ziigonyo. |
| I-Rotavirus | ||
| I-Diphtheria, i-Tetanus, i-Pertussis (ukukhwehlela okuphefumlayo) | ||
| I-Mass, i-Mumps, i-Rubella (MMR) | ||
| I-Chickenpox (iVaricella) | ||
| Ipoliyo | ||
| I-Pneumococcus | ||
| I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) | ||
| I-Meningococcal | ||
| Umkhuhlane | ||
| Uhlobo lwe-Haemophilus influenzae b (HiB) | ||
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza ukuze ugcine amajoni akho omzimba eqinile kukunciphisa uxinzelelo.
- Kubalulekile ukulala iiyure ezisi-7-8 yonke imihla.
- Ukuzibandakanya kwimithambo ehambelana nomzimba wakho kunceda ekuphuculeni amasosha omzimba.
- Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana izitofu zakho nezabantwana bakho ngexesha . Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukungakhuseleki komzimba, amajoni omzimba, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ugonyo, amachiza, ubomi obusempilweni
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