Ngaba wakha wavavanywa igazi waza wabona amagama amaninzi kunye nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo kwingxelo enzima ukuyiqonda? Ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi uza kukuchazela, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha nathi siyadideka kancinci malunga nokuba ezi zinto zithetha ukuthini. Umzekelo, elinye lamagama onokuwabona kwiingxelo zegazi yi-"Anion Gap". Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokulula malunga nokuba yintoni le Anion Gap kunye nokuba kutheni ibalulekile kuthi.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Anion Gap?
Ukuze siqonde oku, kufuneka siqale sazi kancinci ngegazi lethu. Kukho iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo egazini lethu. Ezinye zezi zinetshaja yombane (+), ngelixa ezinye zinetshaja yombane engalunganga (-). Ezi ntlama zitshajayo sizibiza ngokuba zii-electrolytes . I-Sodium, i-potassium, i-chloride, kunye ne-bicarbonate zezona ntlobo ziphambili zee-electrolytes.
Ngoko ke, i-Anion Gap yindlela elula yokubala. Ngumahluko phakathi kwee-charges eziphambili ze-positive (+) (ezifana ne-sodium) kunye nee-charges eziphambili ze-negative (-) (ezifana ne-chloride kunye ne-bicarbonate) egazini lakho. Ukuchaneka, "ngumsantsa" phakathi kwee-charges ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ezilinganiswayo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu ayilovavanyo lwegazi olwahlukileyo. Eli xabiso le-Anion Gap libalwa kwilebhu kusetyenziswa amaxabiso e-sodium, chloride, kunye ne-bicarbonate afumaneka kuvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo (njengephaneli ye-electrolyte, i-BMP, i-CMP).
Kutheni oogqirha bexhalabile ngale xabiso le-Anion Gap?
Eli xabiso lisinika ulwazi ngento ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Loo nto yibhalansi ye-asidi-base egazini lethu . Njengokuba injini yemoto kufuneka ibe namanqanaba afanelekileyo eoyile namanzi ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo, i-asidi yegazi lethu kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile ukuze iiseli emzimbeni wethu zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba i-asidi egazini iyanda kakhulu, ibizwa ngokuba yi-acidosis .
- Ukuba i-asidi egazini iba sezantsi kakhulu kwaye i-alkalinity iyanda, ibizwa ngokuba yi-alkalosis .
Zombini ezi meko zinokuba yingozi kuba zibonisa ukuba kukho into engasebenzi kakuhle emzimbeni. Ngoko ke, ukuba ixabiso le-Anion Gap litshintshiwe, luphawu olubalulekileyo kugqirha ukuze afumanise imeko efana ne-acidosis.
Kunini apho ugqirha ecinga ukuba olu vavanyo luyimfuneko?
Ngokwesiqhelo, unokukubona oku xa uneempawu ezingathandekiyo. Umzekelo:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukudideka
- Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngokungaqhelekanga
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphandle kweempawu, eli nani le-Anion Gap lisenokuba kwingxelo yakho njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo olwenziwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwakho kwezonyango konyaka.
Ndilungiselela njani uvavanyo lwegazi? Kwenzeka ntoni xa kutsalwa igazi?
Olu luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokulungiselela okukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokukucela ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba akufanele utye okanye usele nantoni na. Kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo, njengoko amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela iziphumo zolu vavanyo.
Uyazi kakuhle indlela yokutsala igazi.
1. Ngelixa uhleli esitulweni, umongikazi okanye ingcali ye-phlebotomist iza kufumana umthambo engalweni yakho.
2. Emva koko, kufakwa ibhendi yerabha (i-tourniquet) engalweni engasentla ukuze umthambo ubonakale ungcono.
3. Wakuba umthambo ufunyenwe, indawo leyo ihlanjululwe kakuhle, kufakwa inaliti encinci, kwaye igazi elincinci litsalwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo. Ngeli xesha, kusenokuvakala ngathi imbovane encinci iyakuluma.
4. Emva kokuba kuqokelelwe igazi elifunekayo, inaliti iyasuswa kwaye iqhekeza lekotoni libekwe kuloo ndawo lize licinezelwe.
5. Nje ukuba ukopha kuphele, kufakwa iplasta encinci kuloo ndawo uze umsebenzi ugqitywe.
Lonke eli xesha lithatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu.
Zithini iziphumo?
Xa ingxelo yakho yovavanyo lwegazi ifika, kukho enye into eza nexabiso le-Anion Gap. Elo "luluhlu oluqhelekileyo". Oku kunokwahluka kancinci kwilabhoratri nganye. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uthelekise ixabiso lakho noluhlu oluqhelekileyo olunikiweyo kwingxelo ngokwayo ukuze ubone ukuba luqhelekile okanye akunjalo.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eli xabiso elinokusinika zona xa linyuka okanye lincipha.
| Ixabiso le-Anion Gap | Oko kungathetha kona (imizekelo) |
|---|---|
| Isithuba se-Anion esiPhakamileyo | Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi lakho line-asidi eninzi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-acidosis . Oku kunokubangelwa yile:
|
| Isithuba esiphantsi se-Anion | Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho unokuphinda uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zichanekile. Ukuba ixabiso liphantsi kangaka, izizathu eziphambili zalo zinokuba zezi:
|
Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ukuba ixabiso lam le-Anion Gap aliqhelekanga?
Akunjalo konke konke. Ukuba ixabiso lakho le-Anion Gap lingaphandle komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzulu. Khumbula, oku kubonisa nje ukuba unesifo.
- Isenokuba yimpazamo encinci eyenzekileyo ngexesha lokuqokelelwa, ukuthuthwa, okanye ukuvavanywa kwesampuli yegazi.
- Kusenokuba kungenxa yamayeza owasebenzisayo.
- Isenokuba ngenxa yotshintsho lwexeshana emzimbeni wakho.
Xa ugqirha wakho ejonga esi siphumo, uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, ezifana neempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo. Ukuba ixabiso le-Anion Gap aliqhelekanga kwaye kukho amathandabuzo ngalo, uza kucebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela ochanekileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaxhalabi ngexabiso elikwingxelo yakho kwaye uthethe ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Nguye onokukunika ingcaciso engcono kakhulu.
Siyazi ukuba ukubona iziphumo zovavanyo ezingaqhelekanga kunokoyikisa. Kodwa khumbula, zonke ezi mvavanyo zenzelwe ukuqonda ngcono impilo yethu kunye nokuchonga ngokukhawuleza nokunyanga naziphi na iingxaki.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anion Gap ayilovavanyo olwahlukileyo. Ibalwa ngokwexabiso elifumaneka kuvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo.
- Oku ikakhulu kujonga ibhalansi ye-asidi-base yegazi lakho .
- I-Anion Gap ephezulu idla ngokubonisa ukunyuka kwe-asidi egazini (i-acidosis). Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwisifo seswekile ukuya kwisifo sezintso.
- I-Anion Gap ephantsi ayifumaneki lula. Idla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokwehla kweproteni ye-albumin egazini.
- Nokuba iziphumo zakho zingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, musa ukutsiba ufikelele kwizigqibo ngokwakho. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze akucacisele.
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