Xa imvula ingena kancinci, xa uchukumisa uthuli oluncinci, okanye xa utya into ethile, ngaba uqala ukuthimla ngokungayekiyo, aze amanzi aphume empumlweni yakho njengepayipi? Ngaba amehlo akho abomvu kwaye ayarhawuzelela? Ngaba impumlo yakho ivalekile kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla? Ezi ziimpawu ezicaphukisayo 'ze-allergies' esizaziyo sonke. Ngamaxesha anje, uninzi lwethu luqhele ukuya kwikhemesti ukuya kucela amayeza. Kodwa uninzi lwethu alwazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza ale allergy. Ayizizo zonke ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngala mayeza e-allergy , umahluko phakathi kwawo, kunye nendlela yokukhetha amayeza afanele iimpawu zakho.
Iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zamayeza okulwa ne-allergy
Ngamafutshane, amayeza amabini asetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-allergies zii -antihistamines kunye ne -decongestants . La mayeza asenokungayinyangi ngokupheleleyo i-allergies yakho. Nangona kunjalo, anokubonelela ngokukhawuleza kwiimpawu ezicaphukisayo ezifana nempumlo egobhozayo kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo. La mayeza afumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- Iipilisi
- Ulwelo
- Izitshizi zeempumlo
- Amaconsi amehlo
- Ii-inhalers
- Iikhrimu zolusu
- Iinaliti
Ngoku makhe sijonge ezi ntlobo zimbini ziphambili zamayeza ngokwahlukeneyo.
Zithini "ii-antihistamines"?
Khawucinge nje, xa into esingayithandiyo, njengothuli okanye ipollen, ingena emzimbeni wethu (i-allergen), inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba iyaphazamiseka ize ikhuphe isithunywa sekhemikhali esibizwa ngokuba yi- "histamine." Le histamine yiyo ebangela amehlo arhawuzelelayo, impumlo evuzayo, ukuthimla, kunye nokurhawuzelela kolusu.
Oko kwenziwa yi-antihistamine kukuthintela i-messenger histamine ukuba ingadibani neeseli zomzimba wethu. Kufana nokuvala ucango. Emva koko ezo mpawu zokunganyamezelani ziyaphela.
La mayeza asebenza kakuhle xa ethathwa ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ze-allergy ziqale, njengoko kulula ukulawula ubungakanani be-histamine emzimbeni. Ukuba une-allergy rhoqo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo kwaye ubuze ukuba ingaba licebo elihle na ukuqala ukuthatha amayeza malunga neeveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zakho ze-allergy ziqale.
Ii-antihistamines nazo zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini.
| Uhlobo lwe-Antihistamine | Ingcali ekhethekileyo | Imizekelo esetyenziswa rhoqo |
|---|---|---|
| Isizukulwana Sokuqala | Ezi zinokubangela ukozela okukhulu kuba zihamba ngokulula ukusuka egazini ukuya ebuchotsheni. Kuphephe ukuzithatha ezi zinto ukuba uqhuba okanye usebenzisa oomatshini. | I-Chlorpheniramine (iPiriton), iDiphenhydramine (iBenadryl), iClemastine (iTavist) |
| Isizukulwana sesiBini | Ezi azinakwenzeka ukuba zibangele ukozela kuba azihambi kakhulu ukuya engqondweni, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuzisebenzisa nasemini. | I-Cetirizine (Zyrtec), iLoratadine (Claritin), iFexofenadine (Allegra), iDesloratadine (Clarinex) |
Zithini "iziyobisi zokunciphisa ukuxinana"?
Igama elithi decongestant lithetha 'ukunciphisa ukuxinana.' Xa sine-allergies okanye umkhuhlane, imithambo yegazi emincinci engaphakathi kwempumlo yethu iyadumba. Kulapho ke impumlo yethu ivaleka khona.
Amayeza okuvula igazi asebenza ngokunciphisa le mithambo yegazi idumbileyo. Oku kukhulula isithuba ngaphakathi kwempumlo, kunciphisa ukuxinana, kwaye kwenza ukuphefumla kube lula. La mayeza afumaneka njengeepilisi, ulwelo, kunye nezitshizi zeempumlo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Amayeza okuvula isisu awafanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Asenokungafaneleki kubantu abaneengxaki ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, i-glaucoma, okanye i-hyperthyroidism . Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise la mayeza.
Into ekhethekileyo malunga nezitshizi zokukhulula ukuxinana kweempumlo
Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa usebenzisa izitshizi zokukhulula ukuxinana kweempumlo. Nangona zinokunika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza, akufuneki zisetyenziswe ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-3 ngexesha.
Ukuba uqhubeka nokuyisebenzisa, unokufumana imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"rebound reaction." Oku kuthetha ukuba emva kokuba uyekile ukusebenzisa iyeza, impumlo yakho iya kuqala ukuvaleka ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Ngoko khumbula ukusebenzisa isitshizi esinje kuphela kangangeentsuku ezi-3.
Amayeza anamandla ngakumbi kunye nonyango
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-allergies ingaba nzima ukuyilawula nge-antihistamines okanye i-decongestants eqhelekileyo. Kwimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango.
Ii-Corticosteroids (iintlobo zee-steroids)
La ngamayeza anamandla anciphisa ngokuthe ngqo ukudumba okubangelwa yi-allergies. Aluncedo kakhulu kubantu abane-allergies rhoqo kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo. Afika ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-nasal sprays (umz., i-Fluticasone, i-Mometasone), ii-inhalers, kunye neepilisi. Ukuba usebenzisa i-steroid nasal spray, kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iveki ukubona iziphumo ezipheleleyo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nomonde kwaye uqhubeke nokuyisebenzisa.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango
- Iinaliti ze-Allergy (i-Allergen Immunotherapy): Esi sisisombululo esilungileyo kubantu abane-allergy unyaka wonke kwaye abangafumani ncedo lungako kumayeza. Okwenzayo kukubanika uthotho lweenaliti ze-allergen encinci kakhulu kangangexesha leminyaka eliqela. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba wakho uyaqhelana nayo kwaye i-allergy iyaphela.
- IziQinisekisi zeMast Cell: Ezi zimisa umsebenzi wee-mast cells, ezikhupha i-histamine.
- IiLeukotriene Inhibitors: IiLeukotrienes lolunye uhlobo lweekhemikhali ezibangela i-allergies, njenge-histamine. La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kwawo. IMontelukast (Singulair) ngumzekelo osetyenziswa kakhulu.
- Ii-Epinephrine Shots eziNgxamisekileyo: Ezi zisetyenziselwa abantu abane-allergy enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis , enokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukuba une-allergy enzima, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uphathe i-auto-injector efana nale.
Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe iyeza.
Nangona amanye ala mayeza angathengwa kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo kwiimpawu zakho.
Ingakumbi ukuba unezinye izifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, okanye iingxaki zeprostate , ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka udibane nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza anjenge-decongestants.Thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho. Uza kukucebisa amayeza akhuselekileyo nafanelekileyo kwimeko yakho yempilo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-Antihistamines luhlobo lwamayeza athintela ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-histamine kwaye athomalalise iimpawu ezinje ngokuthimla, impumlo egobhozayo, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa.
- Amayeza okususa ukuxinana luhlobo lwamayeza anceda ekunciphiseni imithambo yegazi evuvukileyo empumlweni, nto leyo enceda ekunciphiseni ukuxinana kwempumlo.
- Ii-antihistamines ezindala (zesizukulwana sokuqala) zinokubangela ukozela okukhulu. Iintlobo ezintsha (zesizukulwana sesibini) azinawo amathuba amaninzi okubangela ukozela.
- Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izitshizi zokukhulula ukuxinana kwempumlo kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu zilandelelana.
- Ukuba unezinye izifo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo sentliziyo, qiniseka ukuba udibana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe naliphi na iyeza lokunganyamezelani.
- Ukuba i-allergies yakho ayilawulwa ngamayeza aqhelekileyo, bona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike ii-corticosteroids okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango ezithile.
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