Ingaba igazi liyabuya liphuma esangweni lentliziyo yakho? Masithethe nge-Aortic Regurgitation!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba kukho amasango amancinci ngaphakathi ezintliziyweni zethu avumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela? Ewe, yinyani leyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha la masango anokuba nokuvuza okuncinci. Leyo yimeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Aortic Regurgitation). Ngamafutshane, isango elimpompa igazi kwimithambo yegazi ephambili yentliziyo alivaleki kakuhle, kwaye elinye igazi liphinda liphume libuyele entliziyweni. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni i-`(Aortic Regurgitation)`? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho isango eliphambili entliziyweni yakho, esilibiza ngokuba yi-`(Aortic Valve)`. Eli sango liphakathi kwentliziyo yakho kunye ne-`(Aorta)`, umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni. Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo yakho ibetha, igazi elicocekileyo, elinomoya-mpilo omninzi lidlula kule `(Aorta)` liye emzimbeni wonke.

Ngoko ke, xa igumbi eliphambili lokumpompa lentliziyo, i-ventricle yasekhohlo, lifinyela, le valve ye-aortic ivuleka ukuze igazi liphume. Emva koko, xa i-ventricle yasekhohlo iphumla, le valve kufuneka ivaleke ngokuqinileyo. Kulapho igazi lihamba ngqo phambili lingabuyi entliziyweni.

Nangona kunjalo, kumntu one-Aortic Regurgitation, i-Aortic Valve ayivali kakuhle. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngalo lonke ixesha i-ventricle yasekhohlo iphumla, igazi elithile libuyela kuloo gumbi. Nangona oku kuyinkxalabo yokwenyani, ngethamsanqa, oogqirha baneendlela zokuyinyanga.

Ukubuyela kwe-Aortic Regurgitation yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zesifo se-valve yentliziyo. Inokuba nzulu ukusuka kobuncinci ukuya kobunzima . Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha babiza oku ngokuba yi-Aortic Insufficiency.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-`(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Oogqirha bahlula i-Aortic Regurgitation kwiintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Uhlobo olukhawulezileyo: Le yimeko eyenzeka ngequbuliso.

2. Uhlobo olungapheliyo: Le yimeko ekhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Olu hlobo olungapheliyo lubonakala kakhulu kumazwe afana ne-United States.

Ukongeza, oogqirha banokuyihlela ngakumbi le meko, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwengxaki. Bakwahlulahlula esi sifo sibe ngamanqanaba A, B, C, kunye no-D, kuxhomekeke kubunzima baso . Inqanaba D lelona nqanaba linzima kakhulu.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Jonga ukuba unayo na enye yezi mpawu:

• Ukuva intlungu okanye ukuxinana esifubeni .
• Ndinokhohlokhohlo.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo kwenzeka xa intliziyo ibetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, njengokubhabha.
• Ngamanye amaxesha unokulahlekelwa zingqondo (i-syncope).
• Usenokuba nokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo (ukuphelelwa ngamandla) ngexesha lokuzilolonga. Kamva, usenokuba nokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo xa ulele phantsi okanye uzama ukulala.
• Amaqatha neenyawo ziyadumba (ukudumba).

Kodwa khumbula,Ukuba une-aortic regurgitation encinci nengapheliyo, usenokungabi nazimpawu ixesha elide. Iimpawu ziya kubonakala kancinci kancinci njengoko imeko isiba mandundu.

Zithini izizathu ze-`(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo ezinokubangela le meko. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Ivalvu iba buthathaka ngokweminyaka: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo eMelika nakwamanye amazwe aseNtshona Yurophu.
• Isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yiRheumatic Heart Disease: Esi sesona sizathu siphambili kumazwe amaninzi asakhasayo. Sibangelwa yirheumatic fever, eyenzeka emva kokuba usulelo lomphimbo lunganyangwanga.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• I-Endocarditis: Oku kudla ngokubangelwa lusulelo olungena egazini.
• Ukulimala esifubeni: Umzekelo, into efana nengozi yemoto.
• I-Aneurysm ye-Thoracic Aortic.
• Ukuqhaqha kwe-Aorta.
• Ezinye iingxaki zokuzalwa kwi-Aortic Valve: Umzekelo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiBicuspid Aortic Valve. Oku kuthetha ukuba ivalvu, ekufanele ukuba ibe nee-cusps ezintathu, inee-cusps ezimbini kuphela.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko?

Utshintsho oluthile kwivalvu yakho ye-aorta kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo lunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nesi sifo sevalvu esivuzayo. Usenokuba semngciphekweni ukuba:

• Ukuba une-`(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` okanye esinye isiphene sevalvu yokuzalwa: Abantu abane-`(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` badla ngokuqala ukuvuza le valve phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40.
• Ukwakheka kwe-calcification ye-aortic valve amaphecana: Abantu abanale ngxaki badla ngokuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala, kwaye banokuba neengxaki ze-valve ezingaphezu kwesinye.
• Ukuba nesifo esichaphazela i-aorta esikhokelela entliziyweni (i-Aortopathy).
• Ukuba ukhe waba nomkhuhlane wamathambo ngaphambili okanye wafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo samathambo.
• Ukuba sele ukhe wafakelwa ivalvu ye-aorta ngaphambili: Ngamanye amaxesha ivalvu ye-bioprosthetic inokuba yingozi kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-Aortic Regurgitation?

Khawuthelekelele, xa i-`(Aortic Valve)` ivuza, igazi elongezelelweyo libuyela kwi-`(Left Ventricle)` yentliziyo. Emva koko, igumbi lokumpompa ligcwala igazi. Ngenxa yoko, i-`(Left Ventricle)` kufuneka isebenze nzima ukujongana neli gazi lingaphezulu kwaye ipompe isixa segazi esifunekayo kwi-`(Aorta)`.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokubangela ukuba iindonga zemisipha ze-ventricle yasekhohlo ziqine kwaye zibe nkulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Oku kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwentliziyo.

Oku kunokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki ezifana nokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.

Ukubuyela kwe-aorta ngokukhawuleza kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokudumba kwamaphaphu kunye nokuncipha kokuphuma kwentliziyo.

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-Aortic Valve Regurgitation ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangovavanyo olwahlukeneyo.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha wakho uza:

• Thetha ngembali yakho yezonyango.
• Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ziyajongwa, njengoxinzelelo lwegazi lakho.
• Ugqirha wakho uza kumamela intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope aze ajonge isandi esahlukileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-aortic regurgitation murmur. Esi sandi sibangelwa kukuphuma kwegazi libuyela kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.

Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuba kukho umsantsa omkhulu (ongaphezulu kwe-40 mmHg) phakathi kwamaxabiso aphezulu naphantsi, oko kukwabonisa ukuba ivalvu ye-aortic isenokuba iyavuza.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuxilonga `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziswa ukufumanisa esi sifo kwaye luthathwa njengoluqhelekileyo "luvavanyo lwe-"Echocardiogram" okanye ""Echo". Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza esandi aphezulu ""Ultrasound"" ukuthatha imifanekiso yentliziyo. Ugqirha angasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne ""Doppler Ultrasound", ukujonga ukusebenza kweevalvu zakho. I-"Doppler Ultrasound" ibonisa isantya kunye necala lokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni.

Ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokuthi zifuneke ukuze kufunyanwe esi sifo okanye kucetywe unyango zezi:

• I-X-reyi yesifuba
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
• Uvavanyo lwe-MRI yentliziyo
• I-Angiogram yeCoronary
• Iskeni ye-CT yentliziyo
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba

Iphathwa njani i-Aortic Regurgitation?

Ukubuyela kwe-aorta kwi-aorta kunokunyangeka ngamayeza okanye ngotyando . Ukuba unesifo esiqatha, uya kufuna unyango ngoko nangoko.

Ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bemeko yakho, unokufuna utyando lokulungisa okanye ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo ivalvu yakho ye-aortic. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola aze agqibe kwelokuba utyando luyimfuneko na. Baza kuchaza neenzuzo kunye neengozi zotyando kuwe. Izinto ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwecuba kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango ezingalawulekiyo zinokwandisa iingozi zotyando kwaye zenze inkqubo yokuchacha ibe nzima.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuxoxa nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba utyando lukulungele na wena kunye neengozi zalo.

Ukuba utyando lwevalvu alunakukhetha, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okunceda ukulawula ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho. Amanye amayeza anokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwegazi kunye nesifo sohlangothi. Kodwa khumbula, nangona amayeza enokulawula iimpawu, awanakumisa okanye aphilise ukubuya kwe-aorta enzima.

Zithini iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Abantu abaye balungiswa okanye batshintshwa ivalvu ye-aortic banokufuna olunye utyando kwixesha elizayo. Kukwakho neengozi ezifana nezi:

• Istroke
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukopha
• Usulelo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo `(Arrhythmia)`

Emva kokutshintshwa kwevalvu ye-aorta, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. La mayeza anokuthathwa kangangeenyanga eziliqela (kwiivalufa ze-bioprosthetic ezenziwe ngehagu, inkomo, okanye izicubu zomntu) okanye ubomi bonke (kwiivalufa zoomatshini). Kwezinye iimeko, ivalvu etshintshiweyo inokuhamba okanye ivuze.

Ukuba unevalvu entsha, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba uye kugqirha wamazinyo. Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukukhula kosulelo ngaphakathi entliziyweni (endocarditis).

Ngaba i-Aortic Regurgitation ingathintelwa?

Isifo sevalvu yentliziyo asinakuthintelwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi.
• Yenza umthambo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisa.
• Ukuba uyagula okanye unesifo, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Sela onke amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo, kuquka nalawo oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Ukuba i-aorta yakho ivulekile, nciphisa ukuphakamisa okunzima.

Luhlobo luni lwekamva umntu onoxinzelelo lwe-Aortic Regurgitation anokululindela?

Ungaba nokubuyela kwe-aortic okungapheliyo iminyaka emininzi ngaphandle kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ungakubona ukuba uqala ukuba nengxaki yokuphefumla okanye iintlungu esifubeni.

Indlela ocinga ngayo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ixesha owaqala ngalo ukuba neempawu.
• Indlela esiye saqhubeka ngayo esi sifo.
• Nokuba unesifo sentliziyo.
• Ixesha owafumana ngalo unyango.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.

Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abenza utyando lokutshintshwa kwevalvu ngaphambi kokuba intliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle banombono olungileyo wexesha elide, nokuba imeko yabo imbi kakhulu. Kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo, umbono unokuba mncinci kancinci.

Abantu abanokubuyela kwe-aortic okuncinci ukuya kokuphakathi baphila kakuhle emva konyango. Izinga labo lokusinda iminyaka eli-10 liphakathi kwama-80% nama-95%.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga namathuba akho ekamva. Ugqirha wakho uyazi kakuhle imbali yakho yezonyango, ngoko ke banokusebenzisa olo lwazi ukukunika umbono wento omawuyilindele.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho yokuzinyamekela, kuquka amayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Ngokubanzi, kubalulekile ukuthatha onke amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe kwaye ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla . Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho oluthile kwindlela ophila ngayo, kuquka:

• Ukutya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Umzekelo, iMediterranean Diet. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela nokuba unciphise ityuwa oyityayo.
• Yiba ngumthambo rhoqo: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungenza umthambo ongakanani kwaye zeziphi iintlobo zomthambo ezikhuselekileyo.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba: Cela uncedo lokuyeka.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi: Ingakumbi amayeza afakwa kwimithambo yegazi (iziyobisi ze-IV), njengoko enyusa umngcipheko we-endocarditis.
• Lumka amazinyo akho kunye neentsini ukuze uthintele usulelo lwevalvu yentliziyo (i-endocarditis): Oku kuquka ukuya kugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba une-Aortic Regurgitation, kubalulekile ukugcina amadinga akho ukuze ugqirha wakho akwazi ukujonga imeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ufanele uye kangaphi.

Ukuze ujonge ukusebenza kweevalvu zakho kunye nentliziyo yakho, kuya kufuneka wenze i-"Echocardiogram" rhoqo (rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu). Ukutyelela rhoqo kwezonyango kubalulekile ukuze ubone naziphi na iimpawu zokuba i-"Aortic Regurgitation" iya isiba mandundu. Ngale ndlela, unokufumana unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye uthintele umonakalo ongunaphakade entliziyweni yakho.

Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo, landela ishedyuli yokulandelela kagqirha wakho ngononophelo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga ngokusondeleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba intliziyo yakho isebenza kakuhle kwaye awufumani ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye ezinye iingxaki.

Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha, ukuba iimpawu ezikhoyo ziya zisiba mandundu, okanye ukuba unemibuzo malunga nemeko yakho, fowunela ugqirha wakho nangaliphi na ixesha.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi, fowunela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni ngoko nangoko. Ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezisongela ubomi kwaye zifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuphila nesifo sentliziyo kunokuba yingxaki. Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga nemeko yakho, kodwa usenokungazi ukuba uqale phi. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza ugqirha wakho ukuze afunde ngakumbi:

• Ingakanani imeko yam `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?
• Ngaba ndinezinye iingxaki zevalvu yentliziyo?
• Ngaba ndifuna unyango? Ukuba kunjalo, nini?
• Luquka ntoni unyango?
• Kufuneka ndize kangaphi kwixesha lokulandela?
• Zeziphi iinguqu endimele ndizenze kwindlela yam yokuphila ukuze ndixhase impilo yentliziyo yam?

Ingaba imeko encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Aortic Regurgitation)` isoloko iba mandundu?

Ngaphezulu kwama-25% abantu abaneengxaki ze-ventricular yasekhohlo babonakalisa iimpawu kungekapheli nonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kuphando lwabantu abane-aortic regurgitation encinci ukuya kwephakathi, uninzi lwabantu aluzange lubone ukuba imeko yabo iya isiba mandundu. Olu phando lwabalandela kangangeminyaka emihlanu. Ngoko ke, ayinguye wonke umntu oye esiba mandundu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo.

Ngaba i-Aortic Regurgitation ibeka ubomi esichengeni?

Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu kwaye yenzeka ngequbuliso, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ingakhokelela ekusileleni kwentliziyo, i-myocardial ischemia, okanye nokufa ngequbuliso. Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nokubuyela kwesisu okuqatha, ngequbuliso, udinga utyando ngoko nangoko.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukwazi ukuba unevalvu ye-aortic evuzayo kunokoyikisa kwaye unokuzibuza ukuba ikamva liza kuba njani. Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngenkqubela phambili kwisayensi yezonyango, abantu abaninzi abane-aortic regurgitation banokuncedwa.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungoyiki okanye ungakhathazeki, kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zakho zonyango kwaye uxoxe ngolona lufanelekileyo kuwe. Ngokufumana unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni. Nyamekela intliziyo yakho!

ukuphinda kwe - aorta, isifo sevalvu yentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, ukuphefumla okufutshane, iintlungu zesifuba, i-echocardiogram, utyando lwentliziyo