Ngaba nawe uvuka uphefumla kancinci? Ngoko ke kufuneka wazi nge-AHI (i-Apnea-Hypopnea Index)!

Ubusazi na ukuba abanye abantu badla ngokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla xa belele ebusuku? Mhlawumbi nawe ukhe wabufumana. Okanye mhlawumbi umntu omaziyo ukhe wabufumana. Ukurhona, ukuziva ngathi awukwazi ukuphefumla okwethutyana, okanye ukuvuka ngequbuliso unengxaki yokuphefumla zonke ezi zinto zinokuba zizizathu zoku. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomlinganiselo obalulekileyo onceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla xa ulele, ingakumbi iimeko ezifana ne -Obstructive Sleep Apnea , kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ingaba inzulu kangakanani na. Leyo yi-AHI, emele i- (Apnea-Hypopnea Index) .

Yintoni i-AHI (i-Apnea-Hypopnea Index)? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-AHI (i-Apnea-Hypopnea Index) yindlela yokulinganisa ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kuyeka kangaphi ngeyure (i-apnea) kwaye kube nzulu (i-hypopnea) ngelixa ulele. Le yindlela oogqirha abavavanya ngayo ukuba unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Obstructive Sleep Apnea, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, sibi kangakanani.

Yintoni i-Apnea kunye ne-Hypopnea?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni i-apnea kunye ne-hypopnea. Makhe sithethe ngaloo nto ngokucacileyo.

• I-Apnea: Oku kuxa uyeka ukuphefumla ngokupheleleyo. I-Apnea kuxa uyeka ukuphefumla imizuzwana eli-10 nangaphezulu ngelixa ulele. Ngeli xesha, ubungakanani bomoya ongena emzimbeni wakho buyehla. Kuvakala ngathi umoya wakho ubambekile okwethutyana.

• I-Hypopnea: Oku kwenzeka xa umoya wakho ungavalwanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa izinga lakho lokuphefumla liyancipha kakhulu ngenxa yokuvaleka okuthile. Kwimeko enjalo, awuphefumli ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inqanaba leoksijini egazini lakho lehle. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalwe kancinci, nto leyo enciphisa inani lamanzi aphumayo.

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni xa uyeka ukuphefumla ngolu hlobo?" Ingqondo yethu ikrelekrele kakhulu. Ihlala ijonga imeko yomzimba wethu, njengokubetha kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuphefumla. Ngoko ke xa une-apnea okanye i-hypopnea, ingqondo iyakuva oku. Emva koko ingqondo yenza into yokukuvusa kancinci ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle kwakhona. Kodwa oku kuvuka kudla ngokuba yinto engabonakaliyo. Usenokungaziva. Xa uqala ukuphefumla kwakhona, ingqondo iyakuvumela ukuba ulale kwakhona. Ngoko ke i-AHI ilinganisa ukuba zingaphi izihlandlo ngeyure ezi zinto zokuma kunye nokuphefumla okuncinci kwenzeka. Okukhona imeko inzima (i-Sleep Apnea), kokukhona ezi ziphazamiso zenzeka rhoqo.

Libalwa njani eli xabiso le-AHI?

Eli xabiso le-AHI lifunyanwa yi (Sleep Study)Esinye sisifundo sokulala. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa oomatshini ukujonga indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo ngexesha lokulala ebusuku, kuquka iindlela zakho zokuphefumla, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, amaza obuchopho, kunye namanqanaba eoksijini yegazi. Oku kungenziwa kwilebhu yokulala , okanye ngamanye amaxesha kukho izixhobo ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya (Uvavanyo lwe-Home Sleep Apnea) . Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba idatha efunyenwe kwiimvavanyo zasekhaya incinci kwaye isenokungachaneki kangako.

Ugqirha emva koko ubala amanqaku akho e-AHI ngokwahlula inani lilonke lee-apnea kunye ne-hypopnea episodes ozifumeneyo ngeeyure ezipheleleyo olele ngazo.

Ngamafutshane: AHI = (Iziganeko ze-apnea iyonke + Iziganeko ze-hypopnea iyonke) / Iiyure ezipheleleyo ezileleyo

Ubunzima be-sleep apnea bulinganiswa njani kusetyenziswa ixabiso le-AHI? - Kwabantu abadala

I-American Academy of Sleep Medicine isebenzisa esi sikali silandelayo ukwahlula ubunzima bezi ziganeko zokuphefumla kubantu abadala:

• Imeko ebuthathaka: Ngaphantsi kweziganeko ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-15 ngeyure.
• Imeko ephakathi: Ngaphantsi kweziganeko ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-30 ngeyure.
• Iziganeko ezinzima: Iziganeko ezingama-30 nangaphezulu ngeyure.

Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa ezi zibalo ukuze abone ukuba ingakanani na i-sleep apnea yakho. Umzekelo, ukuba i-AHI yakho ingama-25, oko kuthetha ukuba une-sleep apnea ephakathi.

Ngoko ke lithini ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-AHI kumntu omdala?

Usenokuba uzibuza, "Lithini ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-AHI kumntu omdala?" Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo, okanye elisempilweni, le-AHI kumntu omdala lingaphantsi kweziganeko ezintlanu ze-apnea kunye ne-hypopnea ngeyure (AHI < 5). Ukuba ixabiso lakho likule nqanaba, kuthetha ukuba awunayo i-sleep apnea.

Ingaba ixabiso le-AHI lahlukile ebantwaneni abancinci?

Ewe, amaxabiso e-AHI kunye nobunzima bawo ahlukile kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala. Ngenxa yokuba iinkqubo zokuphefumla zabantwana zisakhula, nokuba kuncinci kangakanani na ukuvaleka kokuphefumla kunokuba nempembelelo enkulu. Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-AHI kubantwana abancinci lulandelayo:

• Imeko engentle: Ngaphantsi kwesiganeko esinye ukuya kwezi-5 ngeyure.
• Imeko ephakathi: Ngaphantsi kweziganeko ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 ngeyure.
• Iziganeko ezinzima: Iziganeko ezili-10 nangaphezulu ngeyure.

Ukuba i-AHI yomntwana wakho ingaphezulu kwesinye okanye ngaphezulu, ugqirha wakho unokumxilonga ukuba une-Obstructive Sleep Apnea. I-AHI eqhelekileyo yomntwana omncinci kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwesinye (AHI < 1). Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, kubantwana abadala, kuthetha ukubaOogqirha banokusebenzisa isikali se-AHI esifanayo kubantwana abancinci (abakwishumi elivisayo nabakwishumi elivisayo) njengabantu abadala.

Lithini ixabiso le-AHI elifanelekileyo ngomatshini we-CPAP?

Umatshini we-CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) yeyona ndlela iphambili nesebenzayo yokunyanga i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Lo matshini unceda ukugcina umoya wakho uvulekile ngexesha lokulala. Ngoko ke, injongo yomntu omdala osebenzisa lo matshini we-CPAP kukugcina ixabiso le-AHI lingaphantsi kwesihlanu (AHI < 5). Nangona kunjalo, wena nogqirha wakho niya kugqiba kunye ukuba kufuneka ube phantsi kangakanani kunexabiso elibhalwe kwi-(Sleep Study) yakho, kunye nexabiso elithile ekufuneka ulijonge.

Into entle kukuba xa usebenzisa umatshini wakho we-CPAP, unokulandelela i-AHI yakho ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, oko kuthetha ukuba unokuyirekhoda. Iimatshini ezininzi ezintsha ze-CPAP zinokubona utshintsho ekuphefumleni kwakho, kwaye zisebenzise olo lwazi ukubala ixabiso eliqikelelweyo le-AHI. Olu asilovavanyo oluchanekileyo olupheleleyo njengophando lokulala. Kodwa lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nokuba unyango lwakho lwe-CPAP lusebenza kangakanani kwaye lukunceda kangakanani.

Zithini iingxaki ze-AHI? Ngaba ichaza yonke into?

Nangona i-AHI isisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu, ayinakuthenjwa ukuba ithathe izigqibo ngayo yonke into. Ikwanazo nezinye iingxaki. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Iimbono ezahlukeneyo malunga ne-hypopnea: Nangona kukho ukuvumelana okucacileyo phakathi koogqirha malunga nokuba yintoni i-apnea, inkcazo ye-hypopnea iyinkimbinkimbi kancinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela oku, njengokuba kufuneka kuncitshiswe ukuhamba komoya okungakanani, ukuba inqanaba le-oksijini egazini kufuneka libe liphantsi kangakanani (i-oxygen desaturation) , okanye inani lamaxesha ovuka ngawo ebusuku (arousals) . Ngoko ke, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho umahluko omncinci kwiinkcazo.
• Imida: I-AHI ilinganisa kuphela inani lee-apnea kunye ne-hypopnea episodes ezenzeka ngelixa ulele. Ayiboneleli ngokuthe ngqo ngolwazi olongezelelweyo, njengokuba zinzima kangakanani ezi episodes, ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kuyeka ixesha elingakanani, okanye ukuba amanqanaba akho eoksijini ehlile kangakanani. Umzekelo, umntu unokuba ne-AHI ye-10, kodwa isiqendu ngasinye singathatha imizuzwana eli-10-15 kuphela. Omnye umntu unokuba ne-AHI ye-10, kodwa iziqendu zakhe zingathatha imizuzwana engama-40-50 kwaye amanqanaba akhe eoksijini anokwehla kakhulu. Ngoko ke ukujonga i-AHI yodwa akubonisi mahluko.
• Iziphumo Ezinokungachaneki: Iziphumo ezivela kwezinye iimvavanyo ezilula ze-sleep apnea ekhaya , ingakumbi ezo zenziwa ekhaya, zisenokungachaneki njengezo zivela kwilabhoratri yokulala. Oku kungenxa yokuba ubungakanani bedatha kunye nokuchaneka kusenokuba kuncinci. Kwakhona, abanye abantu basenokungalali kakuhle xa besenza uvavanyo ekhaya.

Ngoko ke, nangona i-AHI inika ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nomgangatho wokulala okufumanayo ebusuku, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-AHI yinto enye kuphela ekuchongeni ingxaki yokulala kunye nokufumanisa ubunzulu bayo.

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuthathela ingqalelo amanqaku akho e-AHI, indawo olala kuyo (nokuba ulala ngomqolo okanye ngecala), amanqaku akho e-AHI ngexesha lamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okulala (umz. ukulala kwe-REM), kunye nezinye iziphumo zovavanyo ezininzi ukuze wenze isigqibo esinolwazi malunga nempilo yakho.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo esifanele siyithathele ekhaya kweli bali?

Kulungile, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule malunga ne-AHI (i-Apnea-Hypopnea Index) esithethe ngayo:

• I-AHI sisalathisi esilinganisa ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kuyeka kangaphi ngeyure (i-apnea) kuze kube nzulu (hypopnea) ngelixa ulele.
• Oku kunceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezifana ne -Obstructive Sleep Apnea kunye nokulinganisa ubukhali bazo.
• Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-AHI kumntu omdala kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kwe-5. Kubantwana, kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kwe-1.
• Okukhona ixabiso le-AHI liphezulu, kokukhona imeko (i-Sleep Apnea) inokuba mandundu ngakumbi.
• Injongo yabo basebenzisa umatshini we-CPAP kukuzama ukugcina ixabiso le-AHI lingaphantsi kwe-5.
• Nangona i-AHI iyindlela ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa, ayisiyo yodwa; oogqirha basebenzisa ezinye izinto ezininzi ukwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uziva ngathi unengxaki yokuphefumla ebusuku, ukuba uyarhona, ukuba uziva ngathi uyafuthaniseka, ukuba ulala kakhulu emini, ngokuqinisekileyo funa ingcebiso kagqirha. Kuba ubuthongo obuhle bubalulekile ukuze ube sempilweni! Kwakhona, ukuqaphela le AHI kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kuwe xa uxoxa ngemeko yakho nogqirha wakho.

Ukulala , ukuphefumla, i-sleep apnea, i-AHI, i-apnea hypopnea index, iingxaki zokulala, i-CPAP