Ngaba ukuhamba kwegazi lakho kuvakala ngathi kunciphile? Masithethe ngokungabikho kakuhle kwegazi emzimbeni!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu emilenzeni yakho xa uhamba? Okanye uziva unesizungu okanye ungenamdla kwezinye iindawo? Musa ukucinga ukuba ezi zizinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Mhlawumbi olu luphawu lokuba ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho kubuthathaka kancinci. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esibaluleke ngokulinganayo. Oko kukuncipha kokujikeleza kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi, okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza, `(Arterial Insufficiency)`.

Yintoni ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi?

Ngamafutshane, oku kuxa inani legazi elihamba ngemithambo yegazi enye okanye ngaphezulu emzimbeni wethu lincipha. Imithambo yegazi ifana nenkqubo yeetyhubhu ezithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wethu ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye izitho kunye nezicubu. Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba le mithambo yegazi ivalekile okanye inciphile? Kulapho ukuhamba kwegazi kuncipha khona. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuqokelelana kwamafutha eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Atherosclerosis".

Yonke inxalenye yomzimba wethu ifuna igazi elineoksijini eninzi ukuze isebenze. Ngoko ke, ukuba imithambo yegazi ayikwazi ukuthumela igazi ngokufanelekileyo, amalungu ethu kunye nezicubu aziyi kukwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu .

Le meko (Arterial Insufficiency) inokukuchaphazela ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi: Oku kwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuncipha ngequbuliso okanye kuyeka ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yesizathu esithile (ngokuqhelekileyo ihlwili legazi). Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.

2. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheliyo: Le yimeko apho ukuhamba kwegazi kwehla kancinci kancinci ngenxa yemeko yezonyango engaphantsi (ngokuqhelekileyo i-atherosclerosis ekhankanyiweyo). Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu kancinci kancinci, kwaye umngcipheko weengxaki uyanda.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba le meko iqatshelwa kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu unokuncipha kakhulu.

Le meko iyichaphazela njani imizimba yethu?

Ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu, ingakumbi amalungu omzimba aphambili. Indlela oku okuchaphazela ngayo umzimba ixhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi imithambo yegazi encitshisiweyo okanye evalekileyo .

Cinga ngale ndlela:

• Ukuba imithambo entanyeni yakho (imithambo ye-carotid okanye ye-vertebral) iyancipha, umzekelo kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba sisifo semithambo ye-carotid, ichaphazela ingqondo yakho .
• Ingxaki nge -aorta , efana ne-abdominal aortic aneurysm, inokuchaphazela isifuba sakho, umqolo, kunye nesisu .
• Ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni , imeko ebizwa ngokuba sisifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo, ichaphazela ngqo intliziyo yakho.
• Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kumathumbu amancinci (i-"Superior mesenteric artery") , imeko efana ne-"Mesenteric artery stenosis", inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwamathumbu amancinci .
• Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwizintso (imithambo yegazi yezintso) , imeko ebizwa ngokuba sisifo semithambo yegazi yezintso, iya kuchaphazela izintso zakho.
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni yakho , okufana nesifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umzimba (i-PAD), kunokuchaphazela imilenze neenyawo zakho.
• Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary embolism, eyile gazi elivalela imithambo yegazi emiphungeni yakho , inokuchaphazela imiphunga yakho.

Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ngemithambo yegazi kuchaphazela yonke inxalenye yomzimba ngokungangqalanga. Ungabona iimpawu kwinxalenye yomzimba ekufutshane nomthambo ovalekileyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezifanayo ezibangela ukucutheka kwemithambo yegazi apho (ezifana ne-atherosclerosis) zinokwenzeka nakwiimithambo yegazi kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo sokuncipha kwegazi esingapheliyo ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis kumthambo osemlenzeni wakho, usengozini yento efanayo entliziyweni yakho.

Yonke inxalenye yomzimba wethu ifuna ioksijini ukuze iphile. Ukuba ilungu okanye izicubu zilahlekelwa yioksijini ngequbuliso, elo lungu linokungasebenzi kakuhle kwiiyure ezimbalwa, kwimeko 'yokungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi'. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxamiseko ezisongela ubomi ezibangelwa kukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi:

• Ischemia yemilenze ebalulekileyo: Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi ezingalweni , emilenzeni, okanye ezinyaweni.
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo: Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni.
• I-Pulmonary embolism: Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya emiphungeni.
• Istroke: Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.

Le meko inokuba yingozi ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele iimpawu zayo kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nemingcipheko yakho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokulahlekelwa yigazi kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokulahlekelwa yigazi kwimithambo yegazi?

Zombini ezi zinto zinxulumene nokujikeleza kwegazi, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci.

Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi yingxaki yokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi yingxaki yokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elingcolileyo libuyele entliziyweni).

Kalula nje:

• Imithambo yegazi yiyo ethwala igazi elicocekileyo nelinomoya-mpilo elisuka entliziyweni emzimbeni wonke.
• Imithambo yegazi yiyo ebuyisela igazi elingcolileyo neliphelelwe yioksijini entliziyweni.

Izizathu zezi meko zombini zahlukile. Eyona nto ibangela ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi kukuqokelelana kwamafutha kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis). Ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi kubangelwa kakhulu kukonakala kwemithambo yegazi kwimilenze.

Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi kunokwenzeka naphi na emzimbeni, kodwa imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-venous insufficiency ichaphazela kakhulu imilenze.

Zombini ezi meko zinokubangela iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi emilenzeni. Ukuba imilenze yakho ihlala ibuhlungu, iziva inzima, idumbile, okanye idiniwe, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze axoxe ngezi mpawu.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazimpawu de imeko ibe mandundu okanye kubekho imeko engxamisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva ulahlekelwe yibhalansi.
• I-claudication eyenzeka ngequbuliso: Intlungu yomlenze eyenzeka xa uhamba ize iphele xa uphumle. Oku kuxa ufumana intlungu emlenzeni wakho ngelixa usenza umsebenzi othile, ingakumbi ukuhamba, kwaye intlungu iyaphela emva kokuphumla okufutshane.
• Intlungu ezinyaweni okanye ezinzwaneni: Ukutshisa, ukuqaqamba ezinyaweni okanye ezinzwaneni, nokuba uphumle.
• Utshintsho kumbala nokwakheka kolusu: Ulusu olunamaxolo emilenzeni nasezinyaweni, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye notshintsho kumbala wolusu.
• Intlungu yesisu: Intlungu yesisu eqala emva kwemizuzu eli-15-20 emva kokutya, ihlale iiyure ezimbalwa, ize iphele.
• Izilonda: Izilonda ezingapholiyo emilenzeni nasezinyaweni (ingakumbi emaqatheni). Ezi zizibonakaliso zokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba: Ukunciphisa umzimba ngequbuliso, okungacwangciswanga.

Usenokuba unemithambo yegazi evalekileyo okanye evalekileyo kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwesinye emzimbeni wakho. Umzekelo, abantu abanesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD) emilenzeni banamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo semithambo yegazi engaphakathi (i-CAD). Ngoko ke, usenokuba neempawu ezininzi ezinxulumene nengxaki nganye. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho kwangoko xa ubona nokuba luphawu oluncinci.

Iimpawu zengxakeko - musa ukuzityeshela ezi!

Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ku-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zengxamiseko yezonyango:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana.
• Ukuziva ngathi ubona kabini okanye ulahlekelwa yimbono.
• Ukuquleka.
• Ukufa kwezicubu (`Gangrene`) (ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba, ivumba elibi).
• Ulusu oluphaphathekileyo, ukubila okubandayo, okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukunyuka ngequbuliso kwesantya sentliziyo.
• Intetho engacacanga.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu ngequbuliso esifubeni, engalweni, egxalabeni, entanyeni, okanye emhlathini.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki ngequbuliso emagxeni, entanyeni, esiswini, kunye/okanye emqolo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.

Ukuba uneempawu ezithile, usenokungakwazi nokufowuna. Ngoko ke, ukuba kunokwenzeka, hlala unesixhobo sokulumkisa ngezonyango (njengentamo yomqala) ngamaxesha onke. Kwakhona, xelela usapho lwakho nabahlobo ngezi mpawu. Ukuze bakwazi ukukufowunela ngo-1990 ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba bazibone.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi zezi:

• I-Atherosclerosis: Iintsalela zamafutha kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi (atherosclerosis): Iintsalela zamafutha, ezifana ne-cholesterol, ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ziwunciphise okanye ziwuvale ngokupheleleyo.
• I-Thrombosis: Ihlwili legazi lenzeka ngaphakathi kumthambo, livale ukuhamba kwegazi.

Uyixilonga njani le nto?

Oogqirha bayayixilonga le meko ngokukubuza ngeempawu zakho, bathathe imbali yakho yezonyango, baze benze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza imibuzo emininzi ukuze afunde okuninzi ngangokunokwenzeka ngemeko yakho. Umzekelo:

• Zithini iimpawu zakho?
• Zingakanani ixesha ezi mpawu zikhona?
• Uziva phi iintlungu?
• Ngaba iimpawu ziyafika zize ziphele? Ukuba kunjalo, ziza nini?
• Yintoni onokuyenza ukunciphisa iimpawu?

Ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe malunga noku:

• Imbali yakho yezonyango yangaphambili.
• Izifo eziqhubeka kusapho lwakho (ezinxulumene nofuzo).
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo ngoku.
• Amayeza owasebenzisayo.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha angenza oku kulandelayo:

• Bakuxelela ukuba uncume ukuze ubone ukuba icala elinye lobuso bakho liyagoba na.
• Iipulses zijongwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni (ezifana nesifuba, esihlahleni, naseqakaleni).
• Kuthathwa isampuli yegazi ukuze kuhlolwe amanqanaba ahlukeneyo anokuba anxulumene nesifo semithambo yegazi.
• Amehlo akho kunye nokubona kwakho kuya kuhlolwa.
• Jonga ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kumbala okanye kwimbonakalo yolusu lwakho.
• Jonga izilonda zesikhumba.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi lulinganiswa kwiingalo zombini.

Olu vavanyo lunokuxelela ugqirha wakho izinto ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, banokwenza novavanyo oluthile ukuze bafunde ngakumbi ngemithambo yakho yegazi.

Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo

Nazi ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokunceda ekufumaneni ukwehla kokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba:

• Isalathisi se-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Oku kuthelekisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimilenze esezantsi noxinzelelo lwegazi engalweni. Oku kungabonisa indlela igazi elihamba kakuhle ngayo kwimithambo yegazi kwimilenze.
• I-CT Angiogram (`i-computed tomography angiogram - CTA`): Ithatha imifanekiso ye-3D yemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (imithambo yegazi ye-coronary), iingalo, imilenze, okanye amathumbu ukunceda ekufumaneni imiqobo.
• I-Echocardiogram (`Echocardiogram - echo`): Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
• I-E.C.G. (`I-Electrocardiogram - ECG/EKG`): Irekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Ingabona iingxaki zokuhamba kwegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo.
• Ukurekhoda umthamo wegazi: Kulinganisa utshintsho kumthamo wegazi emilenzeni. Kungabona ukuvaleka.
• I-Vascular ultrasound: Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha imifanekiso yemithambo yakho (kuquka leyo isentanyeni yakho) ukujonga ukuvaleka.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nonyango olungcono kuwe. Ezinye iindlela zonyango ziquka:

• I-atherectomy (utyando lokususa i-plaque kwimithambo yegazi).
• Utyando lokususa imiqobo kwimithambo yentamo (`Carotid endarterectomy`).
• Ukufakelwa kwemithambo yentliziyo (`Coronary angioplasty`).
• Ukufakelwa kwemithambo yentliziyo (i-CABG) nge-Coronary artery bypass grafting.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: ukuzilolonga, ukutya ukutya okunempilo.
• Amayeza: Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol, kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
• Amayeza anciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi (ii-Anticoagulants).
• Iityhubhu ezincinci ze-mesh (`Stents`) ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina imithambo ivulekile.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile nto? (Izinto Ezinobungozi)

Nabani na unokuba `nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi`. Kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko, nawe usengozini enkulu:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (`Atrial fibrillation`).
• Isifo Seswekile (`Isifo Seswekile`).
• I-cholesterol ephezulu egazini (`i-Hyperlipidemia`).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Ukunqongophala kweproteni C.
• Ukunqongophala kweProteni S.
• Iimeko ezibangela ukuba igazi lijijeke ngokukhawuleza (`Thrombophilia`).
• Amahlwili egazi anxulumene nomhlaza (`Trousseau syndrome`).

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi:

• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa ezine-estrogen.

Ungazikhusela njani koku? (Ukuthintela)

Ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo kunokunceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni lo mngcipheko. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Zilolonge yonke imihla. Zama ukuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale inkqubo entsha yokuzilolonga.
• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuquka ukutshaya icuba nge-vape kunye nokuhlafuna icuba.
• Landela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo.
• Nciphisa utywala bakho. Kumadoda, sukusela ngaphezu kweziselo ezibini ngosuku. Kubafazi, sukusela ngaphezu kwesinye ngosuku.
• Lawula ubunzima bakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba bubunzima obusempilweni obunjani kuwe.
• Thatha amayeza amiselweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.

Ndingaphila njani nale meko?

Xa uphila nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi, khumbula ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Yenza isicwangciso sokuzilolonga. Asingomntu wonke ofanayo. Khetha umthambo owuthandayo. Inokuba yinto yonke ukusuka ekudaniseni, ukutyibiliza eqhweni, ukuya ekuhambeni epakini. Kwakhona, fumana iindlela zokongeza amanyathelo ambalwa kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Soloko ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi imithambo ezikhuselekileyo kuwe.
• Jonga iindlela zokutya okunempilo. Jonga izinto ezifana nokutya kwaseMedithera kunye nokutya kweDASH.
• Gcina ulusu lwakho lucocekile. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba une-PAD, i-neuropathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile, okanye enye i-peripheral neuropathy. Hlamba iinyawo zakho nemilenze yakho yonke imihla kwaye uthambise i-moisturizer. Jonga ukuba ulusu alunambala, luqhekekile, okanye lunezilonda.
• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba. Cela uncedo kugqirha wakho.
• Nxiba izihlangu ezikhululekileyo. Izihlangu mazibe zezokuxhasa kwaye zilingane kakuhle.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Gcina onke amadinga akho kagqirha kunye nokulandelela. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka ubuye kangaphi.

Kwakhona, ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kunganceda nokuprinta uluhlu lweempawu zakho uze uzigcine nawe. Kulula ukuphoswa luphawu xa uxakekile, okanye uzibuze, "Yintoni le?" Ngoko ke, ziqaphele izinto ekufuneka uziqaphele. Yabelana ngolu lwazi nabantu obathandayo.

Xa ufumanisa ukuba 'une-arterial insufficiency', usenokuzibuza, "Ndiza kuyilungisa njani le nto?" Yiloo nto yokuqala esiyicingayo xa sigula. Usenokunqwenela ukuba ubunokubuyisela ixesha emva wenze izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Kodwa eli asiloxesha lokujonga emva, kodwa lixesha lokujonga phambili.

Gxila kwizinto onazo ngoku. Zeziphi utshintsho onokulwenza ngoko nangoko? Zeziphi ezibaluleke kakhulu? Fumana isikhokelo kugqirha wakho malunga notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nonyango. Okubaluleke kakhulu, akufuneki uhambe wedwa kolu hambo. Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lakho lonke lezempilo balapha ukukunceda uphucule impilo yemithambo yakho yegazi.

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi , ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi, isifo sentliziyo, imithambo yegazi, impilo, isifo sohlangothi, i-cholesterol