Singathetha nge-asbestosis, eyonakalisa imiphunga yakho buthule?

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento enzulu kancinci, kodwa ekufuneka sonke siyiqaphele. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yemisebenzi esiyenzayo, okanye indawo esihlala kuyo, izinto eziyingozi zinokungena emizimbeni yethu. Nokuba ayibangeli ukugula kwangoko, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinzulu emva kweminyaka. I-Asbestosis sesinye sezifo ezibangela umonakalo emiphungeni yethu buthule.

Yintoni i-asbestosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-asbestosis sisifo semiphunga esibangelwa kukuvezwa ixesha elide kuthuli kunye nemicu ye-asbestos. I-Asbestos luhlobo lwezinto ezintle, ezihlala ixesha elide, ezivuthelwa emoyeni. Ngaphambili, ingakumbi ngaphambi kweminyaka yoo-1970, abantu ababesebenza ekwakheni, ekuveliseni, emigodini, kwiifektri, njengabachwephesha, kunye noombane babesengozini enkulu. Abantu ababesusa iimveliso ezine-asbestos baze basebenze kwiinqanawa kwiNavy Navy (eyayisebenzisa i-asbestos kwiinqanawa ngelo xesha) nabo babesengozini enkulu.

Xa ezi fibre ze-asbestos zingena emiphungeni yakho, zinokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"fibrosis", ebangela ukuqina nokuqhekeka kwemiphunga . Ngamanye amaxesha i-membrane ejikeleze imiphunga, i-"pleura", nayo inokuba nkulu. Xa le tissue yemiphunga iba nkulu kwaye iqine, kuba nzima ukuphefumla. Kwiimeko ezinzima, oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye kubulale. Akupheleli apho, ukuchatshazelwa yi-asbestos kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga.

Yintoni i-asbestos?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba yintoni i-asbestos. Yingqokelela yeefayibha ezintandathu zeminerali ezenzeka ngokwendalo. Ezi fayibha zinamandla kakhulu, ziyamelana nomlilo, kwaye ziyamelana neekhemikhali. Ngenxa yezi mpawu, zisetyenziswa kushishino lwezixhobo zokwakha nakwimizi-mveliso.

• Qinisa izinto ezifana nesamente kunye neplastiki.
• Njengesixhobo sokukhusela ubushushu.
• Khusela izakhiwo, amalaphu, kunye nezithuthi zomkhosi emlilweni.
• Yifunxe isandi.

Ezi fibre ze-asbestos zinokuba mhlophe, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mdaka, ngwevu, okanye luhlaza. Iifibre ze-asbestos ezimhlophe (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'chrysotile') zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela.

Kuqheleke kangakanani ukuba ne-asbestos? I-asbestos ikhula njani?

Enyanisweni, sonke sichaphazeleka yi-asbestos ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu. I-asbestos ifumaneka phantse kuyo yonke indawo ngamanani amancinci. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu alufumani sifo ngenxa yayo. Ezi zifo zikhula kuphela kubantu abachaphazeleka yi-asbestos ixesha elide kwaye rhoqo.

Umngcipheko wokuvezwa yi-asbestos kwindawo yokusebenza wawuphezulu ngaphambi kweminyaka yoo-1970. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko usakhona nanamhlanje. Ngenxa yokuba kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba iimpawu zibonakale, oogqirha basaxilonga amatyala amatsha e-asbestos. Nangona kukho imithetho yokulawula ukuvezwa yi-asbestos kwindawo yokusebenza, ngamanye amaxesha abasebenzi banokuvezwa ngeempazamo.

Ngokutsho kweWorld Health Organisation (WHO), izigidi zabantu zichaphazeleka yi-asbestos, ingakumbi kwindawo yokusebenza. Kunzima ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba bangaphi abantu abaphethwe yi-asbestos kunye nezifo ezinxulumene nayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba iimpawu zinokuthatha iminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40 ukuba zibonakale. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-20% abasebenzi abaphefumla i-asbestos banesifo esithile. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana i-asbestos. Kukho ezinye izifo ezinokubangelwa yi-asbestos. Umzekelo:

• Isifo semiphunga esingaphakathi kwesisu (ILD)
• I-Pleural effusion (oku kwenzeka xa into efana namanzi igcwalisa imiphunga)
• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga, ingakumbi i-pleural mesothelioma

Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala ze-asbestosis? (Ezi zingathatha iminyaka ukuba zibonakale!)

Iimpawu ze-asbestosis ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali besifo. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zibonakala emva kweminyaka engama-20-30 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokudibana ne-asbestos. Amanxeba emiphungeni adla ngokukhula kancinci. Ngenxa yoko, usenokungaziboni iimpawu kwangoko.

Uphawu lokuqala lwe-asbestosis kubunzima bokuphefumla , ingakumbi ngexesha lokuzilolonga okanye umthambo. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu yesifuba kunye nokuxinana.
• Ukujikelezisa iincam zeenzipho (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ukugoba iinzipho zakho)`).
• Ukukhwehlela (mhlawumbi ukukhwehlela okomileyo okungapheliyo).
• Isandi esirhabaxa sivakala esifubeni xa uphefumla.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nobunzima bokuzilolonga.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Yintoni ebangela i-asbestosis?

Eyona nto ibangela i-asbestosis kukuphefumla iifayibha ezincinci ze-asbestos okanye uthuli. Ezi fayibha ze-asbestos azinabungozi de zikhutshwe emoyeni. Nangona kunjalo, xa zikhutshwe emoyeni, ziyaqhekeka zibe ziintwana ezincinci. Ezi ntwana zingena emoyeni zingene emiphungeni xa siphefumla. Emva koko ziqokelelana emiphungeni, zibangele amanxeba kunye nokudumba. Izicubu zemiphunga ezinamanxeba ziyaqina kakhulu kwaye azikwazi ukwanda kakuhle. Yiyo loo nto kuba nzima ukuphefumla.

Umngcipheko wokuba ne-asbestosis uyanda ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ixesha elide kangakanani uchaphazeleke yi-asbestos kunye nokuba yayingakanani na loo mngcipheko. Ngaphambili, i-asbestos yayisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yokwakha neyezakhiwo. Abantu abasebenza kwezi mizi-mveliso kwaye behlala bephefumla amasuntswana e-asbestos basengozini enkulu.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-asbestos, efumaneka nje kwi-insulation okanye kwiithayile, umzekelo, ayibangeli esi sifo. Ingozi ikhona kuphela ukuba ikhutshelwa emoyeni.

Zeziphi iimveliso ezisenokuba zisenayo i-asbestos?

Nazi ezinye izinto kunye neemveliso ezisenokuba zisenayo i-asbestos:

• Iipadi zeClutch kunye neelinings zeebrake ezimotweni.
• Isamente, iiputty, kunye neplasta yokwakha.
• Ubushushu obuphantsi.
• Ukusonga ngepayipi.
• Ezinye iintlobo zamashiti asetyenziselwa uphahla, kunye neendonga ezisetyenziselwa udonga (ungazibona ezi nakwizindlu ezindala eSri Lanka).
• Iithayile zomgangatho wevinyl.
• Intambo yombane.
• Ibhodi yeMillboard.
• Ukudibanisa kunye nokudibanisa i-compound.
• Iithayile ezigelezayo kunye neentlobo zeglu ezinamathelayo kuzo.
• Izinto ezifunxa isandi.

Kwakhona, ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa ekhaya zinokuba ne-asbestos:

• Uthuthu olungeyonyani kunye neentlantsi kwiindawo zomlilo ezisebenzisa igesi.
• Iibrake pads zesithuthi, ii-linings, ii-clutch facings, ii-gaskets.
• Iiglavu ezingatshiyo, ii-stove pads, ii-table pads, kunye neendwangu ezingatshiyo (ezifana neengubo kunye neekhethini).
• Ezinye iiplastiki, iipeyinti, iingubo, iintsini.
• I-Vermiculite isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ubushushu kwigumbi lokuhlambela kunye nezinye izinto onokuzithenga xa ulima.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba i-asbestosis ibe khona?

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bafumanisa ukuba i-asbestosis ibangelwa ngabantu abangazange basebenzise i-asbestos amashumi eminyaka. Kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-30 ukuba iimpawu zibonakale. Khawuthelekelele ukuba, ukuba wawubonakala usemncinci kwaye uneminyaka ephakathi, usenokungakwazi ukubona esi sifo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-asbestosis? Zithini izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko?

Kule mihla, kukho imithetho yokunciphisa ukuvezwa yi-asbestos kwindawo yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, eminye imisebenzi isakubeka kwi-asbestos. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu xa kudilizwa okanye kuhlaziywa izakhiwo ezakhiwe ngaphambi kweminyaka yoo-1970. Kwanezindlu ezakhiwe ngaphambi kowama-1977 zinokuba ne-asbestos kwizinto ezifana nemibhobho, iisilingi, kunye neethayile zomgangatho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlala kwindlu eyakhiwe ngaphambi kowama-1977, ayilongozi. Ingozi ivela kuphela ukuba i-asbestos isemoyeni njengothuli kwaye inokuphefumlwa. Akukho mngcipheko xa ikwimo eqinileyo.

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-asbestosis ukuba sele uchithe ixesha elide ujongene ne-asbestos, ingakumbi ukuba umsebenzi wakho ubandakanya ukusebenza ngezinto ezine-asbestos.

Umngcipheko onxulumene nomsebenzi

Abantu abenza imisebenzi efana nale basengozini enkulu:

• Abantu abasebenza kwimigodi ye-asbestos, abantu abafaka baze basuse i-asbestos.
• Iingcali zeemoto neenqwelo-moya (izithuthi ezindala zazine-asbestos kwizinto ezifana neebhuleki kunye nee-clutches).
• Abasebenzi bokwakha (ingakumbi abo bachitha baze bahlaziye izakhiwo ezindala).
• Iingcali zombane (izinto zokukhusela ubushushu ezindala zine-asbestos).
• Abantu abasebenza koololiwe nakwiindawo zokulungisa iinqanawa (ukwakha nokulungisa iinqanawa).

Ngokufanayo, uphando lufumanise ukuba abo babandakanyeka kumsebenzi wokuhlangula nokucoca ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kweWorld Trade Center (WTC) eNew York City nabo basengozini yokufumana izifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos ezifana ne-asbestos.

Ezinye izinto ezinefuthe

Ezi zinto zichaphazela umngcipheko wakho:

• Ubude bexesha lokuvezwa: Ixesha olichithe uchaphazelekile yi-asbestos. Ngokubanzi, okukhona uchaphazeleka ixesha elide, kokukhona umngcipheko uphezulu.
• Ubungakanani bokuchatshazelwa: Ingakanani i-asbestos oye wachatshazelwa kuyo.
• Uhlobo lweshishini: Ukuba i-asbestos ikwimveliso (ezifana neendonga, iithayile), umngcipheko uphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-asbestos ikhutshelwa emoyeni, njengaxa inqunyulwa okanye yaphulwe ngesarha, umngcipheko uphezulu.
• Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kumntu: Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu ukuba utshaya okanye ukuba unesifo semiphunga esele sikhona.
• Izizathu zemfuza: Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwimfuza olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(BAP1 gene)`.

Abantu abanesi sifo bahlala bechaphazeleka yi-asbestos kangangeminyaka emininzi ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo. Umzekelo, ukuba ubuchaphazeleka yi-asbestos ngelixa usenza uhlaziyo ekhaya, amathuba akho okufumana i-asbestos mancinci.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-asbestosis?

Abantu abaninzi abane-asbestosis banengxaki yokuphefumla kwaye bakhwehlela rhoqo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, iingxaki zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-asbestosis zezi:

• Umhlaza wemiphunga: Abantu abane-asbestosis kunye nabantu abatshayayo basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga.
• I-Mesothelioma: Uhlobo lomhlaza olukhula kwisisu, esifubeni, okanye emiphungeni. Lunxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokuvezwa yi-asbestos.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphefumla: Imiphunga yakho ayikwazi ukufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo egazini lakho, kwaye i-carbon dioxide iyanda kwizicwili zakho.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Icala lasekunene lentliziyo yakho liyayeka ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-asbestosis? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga aze akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango. Qiniseka ukuba uyamxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka zizinto ezinobungozi, ezifana ne-asbestos. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubaxelela ngemisebenzi yakho kunye nendawo obusebenza kuyo.

Ukongeza, ugqirha angayalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze kugqitywe ukuxilongwa. Ezi ziquka:

• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan) (oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone imeko yemiphunga ngokucacileyo).
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga (ukujonga ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani) olufana ne-spirometry.
• I-Bronchoscopy (akuqhelekanga ukuba ikhamera ifakwe emiphungeni ukuze ijonge ngaphakathi, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, isampuli encinci yezicubu (i-biopsy) ingathathwa).

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-asbestosis?

Injongo ephambili yokunyanga i-asbestosis kukulawula iimpawu nokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwemiphunga.

Ngelishwa, umonakalo obangelwe yi-asbestos kwimiphunga awunakuguqulwa.

Unyango lwezifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu, ukunyanga iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo, kunye nokucothisa ukusasazeka kwesifo.

Unyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kubunzulu bemeko yakho. Usenokuba nonyango olufana nolu:

• Unyango lweoksijini: Ukukunika ioksijini eyongezelelweyo ngetyhubhu efakwe empumlweni yakho okanye ngemaski yomlomo kunokukunceda uphefumle lula.
• Ukuvuselelwa kweMiphunga: Oku kuquka ukukufundisa imithambo ekhethekileyo kunye neendlela zokuphefumla ezinokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.
• Utyando lokufakelwa imiphunga: Kunqabile kakhulu, kubantu abanesifo esinzima, ukufakelwa imiphunga kunokunciphisa iimpawu kwaye kwandise ubomi ngokubonelela ngemiphunga emitsha nesempilweni.
• Amayeza: Amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-"Anti-fibrotics" anokunciphisa izinga lokuqhekeka kwamanxeba emiphungeni. Nangona kunjalo, awanakunyanga amanxeba akhoyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngeengozi kunye neenzuzo zala mayeza aze akuncede wenze isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi eyona ifanelekileyo kwimpilo yakho.

Ungazilawula njani iimpawu ekhaya?

Ukuba une-asbestosis, ungenza ezi zinto ukuze uzive ukhululekile ngakumbi:

• Musa ukutshaya. Ukuba uyatshaya, fumana uncedo lokuyeka namhlanje. Ukutshaya kungenza isifo sibe sibi kakhulu kwaye sisasazeke ngokukhawuleza.
• Kuphephe ukuphefumla izinto ezibangela ii-allergens, ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kunye nomsi ophuma komnye umntu.
• Zigcine kude nabantu abagulayo kwaye uziqhelise ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo (hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese).
• Sela amanzi amaninzi.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo (njengemifuno, iziqhamo, intlanzi ecocekileyo, kunye nenyama).
• Thetha nogqirha wakho, yenza isicwangciso sokuzilolonga esikulungeleyo, kwaye uzilolonge rhoqo.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-asbestosis?

Unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-asbestosis ngokuphepha ukuvezwa kwi-asbestos ixesha elide. Ukuba umsebenzi wakho ubandakanya ukuvezwa kule minerali, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka unxibe isixhobo sokuphefumla (imaski ekhethekileyo ehluza amasuntswana emoyeni). Le mask yokukhusela iya kukuthintela ekuphefumleni imicu ye-asbestos okanye uthuli.

Ukuba uyazi ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yi-asbestos, kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha kwaye wenze ii-X-ray zesifuba. Olu vavanyo alunakuthintela i-asbestos, kodwa lunokukunceda ukuba uyifumane kwangethuba.

Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo kwaye ukhe wachanabeka kwi-asbestos, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza kukuyeka ukutshaya.

Ngaba zonke iimveliso ze-asbestos kufuneka ziphetshwe?

Iifayibha ze-asbestos ziyingozi kuphela xa zingena emoyeni. Namhlanje, izinto ezininzi zokwakha kunye nezinye iimveliso zisebenzisa i-asbestos edibeneyo. Le nkqubo ithintela ukuba zingakhutshelwa emoyeni. Umngcipheko wemiphumo emibi kwimpilo evela kwiimveliso ezinjalo uphantsi kakhulu, ukuba uyakhutshelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uphephe ukuyigquma, ukuyikrazula, okanye ukonakalisa ezinye izinto uze uyiqhekeze ibe ngumgubo. Ukwenza njalo kunokukhulula iifayibha emoyeni.

Ngaba kufuneka ndisuse i-asbestos ekhayeni lam?

Ukuba unezinto eziqulethe i-asbestos ezikwimeko entle (umzekelo, uphahla oludala lwe-asbestos) ekhayeni lakho, kungcono ukuzishiya zodwa. Ukuba uchukumisa okanye wonakalisa ezi zinto (uziqhekeze, uzitsale), kukho umngcipheko wokukhupha iifayibha emoyeni. Jonga ezi zinto rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba zonakele okanye azinakonakala. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuzisusa, cela uncedo kubasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo.

Ithini ingqikelelo yomntu one-asbestosis? (Ingqikelelo)

Akukho nyango lwe-asbestosis, kwaye umonakalo obangelwe sisifo awunakuguqulwa. Wakuba uphefumle iifayibha ze-asbestos, zihlala emzimbeni wakho. Ikamva lakho lixhomekeke ekubeni ubuchaphazeleke ixesha elingakanani na kwaye ungakanani na.

Abantu abaninzi abane-asbestosis encinci baphila ubomi obanelisayo kangangeminyaka emva kokuba befunyaniswe benale ngxaki. Imeko yabanye abantu iba mandundu kwaye bafuna unyango oluhlala ixesha elide.

Ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi uza kwenza uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba kunye nokusebenza kwemiphunga rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa ukujonga utshintsho kwizilonda ezikwimiphunga yakho. Njengoko imeko yakho iqhubeka, iziphumo zovavanyo ziya kutshintsha.

Kuthiwa umyinge wobomi emva kokufunyaniswa kwesi sifo umalunga neminyaka eli-10. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubunzima besifo kunye nokuba sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yi-asbestos kwaye unobunzima bokuphefumla, ukungonwabi esifubeni, okanye ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo,Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngendlela owachanabeka ngayo kwi-asbestos (umzekelo, ngomsebenzi wakho), nokuba yayichanabeka kwi-asbestos esetyenzisiweyo.

Ngaba usapho lwam lusengozini yokuhlaselwa yi-asbestos ngenxa yomsebenzi wam?

Ukuvezwa kwe-asbestos "eyenziwe ngomnye umntu" kunokwenzeka. Xa umntu esebenza ngezinto ezine-asbestos, unokuzisa amasuntswana e-asbestos ekhaya kwizihlangu zakhe, iimpahla, ulusu, kunye neenwele.

Ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko, iindawo ezininzi zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-asbestos ziqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi batshintsha impahla yabo xa besiza emsebenzini naxa behamba. Iinkampani ezininzi zikwanazo neendawo zokuhlambela apho abasebenzi banokuhlamba khona la masuntswana ezinweleni naselusu lwabo. La manyathelo okuthintela anciphisa umngcipheko wokugula kumalungu osapho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-asbestosis kunye ne-mesothelioma?

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-asbestosis kunye ne-mesothelioma kukuba i-mesothelioma ngumhlaza, ngelixa i-asbestosis ingenjalo. I-Asbestosis yenzeka kwimiphunga yakho nakwimiphunga yakho (pleura). I-Mesothelioma iqala kwizicubu zemiphunga yakho kunye nesisu. Inokusasazeka emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yi-asbestos, nokuba awunazo iimpawu kwaye uzive uphilile, thetha nogqirha wakho. Kukho izinto ugqirha wakho anokuzisebenzisa ngoku ukunceda ukulawula umonakalo wemiphunga obangelwa yi-asbestos. Ungazinceda nangokungatshayi okanye ukuyeka ukutshaya. Ukutshaya kungenza i-asbestos ibe mandundu. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, makhe sihlolisise ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo malunga ne-asbestosis esithethe ngazo.

• I-Asbestosis sisifo semiphunga esibangelwa kukuvezwa ixesha elide kwi-asbestos fibers. Asibonakali ngequbuliso, kodwa singathatha iminyaka ukuba sikhule.
• Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kwabo bakwimisebenzi ethile, efana nokwakha, ukwakha iinqanawa, kunye nokwemba, ingakumbi abo babesebenza besebenzisa iindlela zakudala.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhohlela okungapheliyo, kunye nentlungu esifubeni zezona mpawu ziphambili.
• Akukho nyango luqinisekileyo loku okwangoku. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukhuseleko. Ukuba usebenza kwiindawo apho usenokuba uchaphazeleke yi-asbestos, qiniseka ukuba unxibe izixhobo zokukhusela.
• Ukuba ucinga ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yi-asbestos, bona ugqirha ukuze akunike icebiso, nokuba awunazo iimpawu. Ukuba utshaya, qiniseka ukuba uyayeka.

Nangona le yingongoma eyoyikisayo, ukuba nolwazi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela. Nyamekela impilo yakho kwaye ufumane iingcebiso zonyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.

"I-Asbestosis, i-asbestos, isifo semiphunga, ubunzima bokuphefumla, izifo zomsebenzi, amanxeba emiphungeni, i-mesothelioma