I-Ascites: Isikhokelo esilula sezizathu, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Ngaba wakha wadumba isisu, impahla iqina, kwaye uzive ngathi uzele ngamanzi? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuqhelekile, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yempilo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenye yeemeko ezinjalo, "ii-Ascites." Oku kwenzeka xa ulwelo, okanye amanzi nje, luqokelelana kwindawo engenanto ejikeleze amalungu esisu sethu.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-ascites?

Ngamafutshane, i-ascites kukuqokelelwa okungaqhelekanga kolwelo kwindawo ephakathi kwesisu (i-peritoneum) kunye nezitho zesisu. Oku akwenzeki rhoqo kumntu ophilileyo. Ukuba kukho amanzi amancinci esiswini akuthethi ukuba yi-ascites. Oogqirha bachaza le meko njenge-ascites xa kukho ubuncinane i-25 milliliters (0.8 ounces) yolwelo.

Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sesibindi esinzima. Malunga nama-80% abantu abane-ascites bane-cirrhosis yesibindi. Ukongeza, i-ascites inokubangelwa nazezinye iimeko, ezifana nomhlaza, isifo sentliziyo, isifo sephepha, kunye nesifo sezintso.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

I-Ascites isenokungabonakalisi zimpawu zibalulekileyo ekuqaleni. Ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi bamanzi abuthelela esiswini buncinci, usenokungabuboni. Kodwa njengoko ubuninzi bamanzi abuthelela bukhula kancinci kancinci, uya kuqaphela ukuba isisu sakho siya sikhula kwaye sidumbile. Ibhulukhwe yakho iya kuqala ukuziva ixinene.

Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye iimpawu ezinokukunceda uqonde ngokucacileyo le meko. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-ascites?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, unobangela oyintloko yi-cirrhosis yesibindi. Kodwa oku kwenzeka njani?

Cinga ngesibindi sethu njengesihluzo. Sisixhobo esiphambili sokucoca igazi emzimbeni. Umthambo ophambili ozisa igazi esibindini ubizwa ngokuba yiPortal Vein. Xa isibindi sonakele ngenxa yesifo sesibindi, ukuhamba kwegazi kulo mthambo kuyavaleka. Njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi ubhajwa embindini, igazi alikwazi ukuhamba ngesibindi kwaye uxinzelelo luyanda.

Olu xinzelelo luphezulu lunokuchaphazela nezintso ngokuhamba kwexesha. Xa izintso zingakwazi ukususa ityuwa engaphezulu emzimbeni ngokufanelekileyo, amanzi aqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni. Loo manzi angaphezulu aphuma kwimithambo yegazi aze aqokelelane esiswini.

Ezinye izizathu:

• Umhlaza: Eminye imiphunga eyenzeka esiswini inokubangela ukuba ulwelo luqokelele esiswini. Iiseli zomhlaza ngokwazo zikhupha ulwelo lungene kwisisu.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima zokusilela kwentliziyo, intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo. Umzimba emva koko uvelisa iihomoni ukuze uzame ukugcina ulwelo. Olu lwelo lunokuqokelelwa nasesiswini.

Ungayixilonga njani le meko?

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukuxilonga aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, angenza uvavanyo oluthile ukuqinisekisa imeko.

• I-Paracentesis: Oku kuquka ukuba ugqirha afake inaliti encinci kakhulu esiswini aze athathe ulwelo oluqokelelwe apho ukuze luvavanywe. Olu lwelo lunokuvavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na izifo okanye iiseli zomhlaza.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba unezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo seswekile, okanye ukuba unentsholongwane.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: I-X-ray, i-ultrasound scan, okanye i-CT scan inokuyibona ngokucacileyo imeko yamalungu angaphakathi esiswini.
• Uvavanyo lwe-SAAG: Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo. Luthelekisa amanqanaba eproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-albumin egazini lakho kunye nolwelo olusesiswini sakho. I-Albumin luhlobo lweproteni eyenziwe sisibindi. Ukuba eli xabiso liphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi ezisa igazi esibindini luyanda.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-ascites?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu se-ascites. Nangona kunjalo, injongo ngokubanzi kukunciphisa ubungakanani bolwelo oluqokelelana esiswini.

1. Ukunciphisa iSodium: Ityuwa yeyona nto ibangela ukuba umzimba ugcine amanzi. Ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yesondlo uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nokutya okungenatyuwa ingako.

• Nciphisa ukutya okupakishwe kwiipakethe, ukutya okuthengwe evenkileni, kunye neesosi kangangoko unako.
• Yitya imifuno neziqhamo ezintsha ngakumbi.
• Sebenzisa iziqholo (i-turmeric, ipepile, i-cumin) endaweni yetyuwa ukuze unike incasa yokutya.

2. I-Diuretics: Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza anokukunceda ukhuphe amanzi agqithisileyo kunye netyuwa emzimbeni wakho ngomchamo. Ezimbini zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu yiFurosemide (Lasix) kunye neSpironolactone (Aldactone). Ezi kufuneka zithathwe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

3. I-Paracentesis: Olu luvavanyo kunye nonyango. Ukuba kukho ulwelo oluninzi esiswini, kufakwa inaliti ukuze kususwe ulwelo ukunciphisa ukudumba. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokubangela ukuba ulwelo luphinde luqokelelane.

4. Utyando kunye notyando: Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azikwazi ukulawula imeko, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa ezi ndlela.

• IINGCEBISO (i-Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt): Oku kuquka ukubeka ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh (stent) ngaphakathi komthambo osesibindini ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kwegazi.
• Ukufakelwa kwesibindi: Ukuba isibindi asisasebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yesifo sesibindi, indlela yokugqibela kukufakelwa kwesibindi esisempilweni.

Ingakhuselwa kwaye ilawulwe njani le meko?

Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuthintela i-ascites ukuba ingenzeki kwaye ulawule ukuba mandundu ukuba imeko ikhona.

• Yeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo:Utywala yeyona nto iphambili eyonakalisa isibindi.
• Nciphisa ityuwa: Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba ungatyi ngaphezu kwe-2,000-4,000 milligrams yetyuwa ngosuku.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukutyeba kakhulu yinto ebangela i-ascites. Ukuba une-ascites, zilinganise rhoqo kusasa uze ubhale phantsi ubunzima bakho. Ukuba ufumana ubunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1 kg (iikhilogram eziyi-2.2) ngosuku kangangeentsuku ezintathu ezilandelelanayo okanye ukuba ufumana ubunzima obungaphezulu kwe-4.5 kg (iikhilogram eziyi-10), xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
• Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo, uzilolonge, kwaye uphephe ukutshaya.
• Isondo esikhuselekileyo: Iintsholongwane ezifana neHepatitis B kunye no-C zinokwenzeka. Ezi zingonakalisa isibindi kwaye zikhokelele kwi-cirrhosis.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba unale mpawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba ngequbuliso utyeba
• Ukuba isisu siba sikhulu
• Ukuba unentlungu yesisu entsha okanye esibi ngakumbi
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane

Kwiimeko ezilandelayo ezinzima, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla
• Ukuba uhlanza igazi okanye into ebonakala ngathi yikofu

I-Ascites yimeko enzima kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba isibindi sakho asisebenzi kakuhle. Ngoko ke musa ukuyityeshela le mpawu. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, ungayilawula le meko, uthintele iingxaki ezinokubakho, kwaye uhlale usempilweni.