Ngaba wakha wambona umntu esolula iingalo zakhe phambi kwakhe, aze ngequbuliso iingalo zakhe ziwe phantsi aze abuye aphakame kwakhona ngaphandle kokulawula? Kufana nebhabhathane elibetha amaphiko alo. Mhlawumbi nawe ukhe wakubona oku. Oku akuyonto yokungcangcazela eqhelekileyo. Kwizonyango, sikubiza ngokuba yi-Asterixis. Akuyonto isifo ngokwenene, kodwa luphawu lwesifo esithile. Kutheni ke oku kusenzeka? Ngaba le yinto yokoyika? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye iAsterixis?
Ngamafutshane, i-asterixis kuxa usebenzisa isihlunu (umzekelo, xa wolula ingalo phambili), eso sihlunu siyaphumla okomzuzwana. Oku kungenxa yokuphazamiseka okufutshane kakhulu kwemiqondiso evela ebuchotsheni.
Khawuthelekelele utyhala eludongeni. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba izihlunu ezingalweni yakho ziphumla ngequbuliso ixesha elingaphantsi komzuzwana? Ingalo yakho iya phambili ize ibuyele kwindawo yayo yokuqala? I-Asterixis yinto efana naleyo. Elinye igama esilinika oku kumayeza ngu-`(Negative myoclonus)`. Apha, ``Negative'' ayisetyenziswa ngentsingiselo yokuthi ``mbi''. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa izihlunu zishukuma, sithi ``(Positive myoclonus)``, oko kuthetha ``ukwanda komsebenzi.'' Okwenzekayo apha kukuba izihlunu esele zisebenza ziyema okomzuzwana, ngoko ke zibizwa ngokuba ``(Negative myoclonus)``, oko kuthetha ``ukwehla komsebenzi.''
Le meko inokubangelwa yingxaki echaphazela ngqo ingqondo, okanye ingenzeka njengengxaki yesibini echaphazela ingqondo ngenxa yengxaki kwenye indawo emzimbeni (umz., isibindi, izintso).
Umqonda njani umntu one-asterixis?
I-Asterixis idla ngokuchaphazela amacala omabini omzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela icala elinye okanye ngaphezulu kwelinye. Kunye nale mpawu, iimpawu ezifana nokozela, ukudideka, kunye nokulahlekelwa yingqondo yendawo nexesha nazo ziyabonwa.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ugqirha aza kujonga ngazo oku:
1. Indlela yokuzikhupha izandla: Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ubambe iingalo zakho ziqonde phambi kwakho, iintende zijonge kude nawe, ngokungathi uvala udonga olungabonakaliyo. Iminwe yakho mayisasazeke ngokubanzi. Ukuba ubamba le ndawo malunga nemizuzwana engama-30 kwaye iingalo zakho ngequbuliso 'zitsho zihle' zize zibuye phezulu ngaphandle kolawulo lwakho, inokuba yi-asterixis.
2. Indlela yokubamba: Kule ndlela, ucelwa ukuba ubambe izandla zikagqirha ngokuqinileyo ngezakho. Ngelixa esenza njalo, ugqirha uya kuziva ukuba ukubamba kwakho kuya kusiba buthathaka kancinci kancinci.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba iimpawu ze-Asterixis zisenokungabonakali kwangoko ngexesha lovavanyo. Ngenxa yoko, ugqirha angakucela ukuba uhlale kuloo ndawo ubuncinane umzuzu omnye.
Kutheni le nto i-Asterixis isenzeka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba i-asterixis inokwenzeka. Isizathu esiphambili kukuba amalungu abalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu asebenzi kakuhle. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi zizathu.
| Udidi lwesizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zesibindi nezintso | Isibindi nezintso zihluza iityhefu egazini lethu. Xa ezi zitho zingasebenzi kakuhle, ezo tyhefu ziqokelelana egazini. Ekubeni ezi tyhefu zinobuthathaka kakhulu engqondweni, zingonakalisa iiseli zengqondo kwaye ziphazamise ukusebenza kwengqondo. Iimeko ezinje ngokungasebenzi kwesibindi, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, kunye ne-cirrhosis zinokubangela oku . |
| Umonakalo wobuchopho | Ukulimala okanye izifo zobuchopho zinokubangela umonakalo (izilonda) kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho. Ukuba ezi zilonda zichaphazela iindawo ezilawula izihlunu, i-asterixis inokwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, uphawu luhlala lubonakala kuphela kwelinye icala lomzimba. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Le meko inokubangelwa nalutshintsho kwindlela ekwakhiwe ngayo iikhemikhali egazini. Imizekelo: amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (hypoglycemia), amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium (hypokalemia), amanqanaba aphantsi e-magnesium (hypomagnesemia), ukusilela kwentliziyo, kunye nokusilela kokuphefumla. Kwakhona, isifo semfuza esibizwa ngokuba sisifo sikaWilson, esibangela ukuba i-copper iqokelele emzimbeni, sisizathu. |
I-Asterixis ebangelwa ziziyobisi
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-asterixis inokubakho okwethutyana njengesiphumo esingesihle samayeza athile esiwasebenzisayo. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abaneengxaki zesibindi okanye zezintso.
Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
- Amayeza okulwa nesifo sokuwa: ingakumbi i-phenytoin. I-Asterixis ebangelwa yile nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"phenytoin flap". Ingabangelwa namayeza afana ne-gabapentin, i-valproate, kunye ne-carbamazepine.
- IiBarbiturates
- IiBenzodiazepines
- Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
- I-Lithium (iyeza elisetyenziselwa ukulinganisela ingqondo)
- I-Metoclopramide (iyeza lokulwa nokugabha)
Iphathwa njani le nto?
Akukho nyango ngqo lwempawu ze-asterixis. Oogqirha bazama ukufumana unobangela baze bawunyange ngokufanelekileyo.
Umzekelo:
- Ukuba unobangela yingxaki yesibindi, iya kunyangwa.
- Ukuba unobangela yingxaki yezintso, iya kunyangwa.
- Ukuba unobangela yimpembelelo engeyiyo yokusetyenziswa kwamayeza, ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba atshintshe na amayeza okanye anciphise umthamo wawo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba une-asterixis, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo uze uqale ukuyinyanga. Le ayiyonto onokuyinyanga ekhaya wedwa.
Zithini iingozi ukuba azinyangwa?
Eyona ngozi inkulu yokungayinaki i-asterixis kukuba inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu zempilo ezinokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukuba ayinyangwa, inokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade engqondweni, kuquka ukulahlekelwa kukuqonda, ukuhamba, kunye nokusebenzisa amalungu omzimba.
Ukuba i-asterixis ichaphazela imilenze okanye umqolo, inokubangela ukuwa ngequbuliso, nto leyo enokubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba uneempawu ze-Asterixis, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu ezilandelayo, cinga ukuba yingxamiseko yezonyango :
- Ukuba kukho ukudideka engqondweni kunye neempawu ze-asterixis.
- Ukuba udidekile (ukulahlekelwa yindawo, ixesha, okanye ubuwena ).
- Ukuba kukho ezinye iinguqu zengqondo ezibonakaliswayo.
Ezi mpawu zibonisa ukuba ukusebenza kwengqondo kuye kwachaphazeleka kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kwiimeko ezinjalo , kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Asterixis ayisosifo. Luphawu olulumkisayo lwemeko embi enokuthi ichaphazele isibindi, izintso, intliziyo, okanye ingqondo.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unempawu yokuphaphazela izandla, ungaze uyityeshele loo nto. Yiya kugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba olu phawu luhamba nokudideka, ukozela, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, yingxamiseko. Yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Le meko ifanele ixilongwe kwaye inyangwe ngugqirha kuphela. Kuphephe ukuzama ukunyanga okanye ukuzixilonga.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Iipilisi zeMacitentan (Opsumit) ziyindlela ekhethekileyo yonyango olunikwe isifo esithile?
Eli asiloyeza eliqhelekileyo! Eli liyeza eliphumelele kakhulu (i-Endothelin Receptor Antagonist) elinyanga 'i-Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH),' isifo esibulalayo apho imithambo yegazi esuka entliziyweni iye emiphungeni incipha/iqina, kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphakathi kwezo mithambo luba phezulu kangangokuba luyaqhuma kwaye isigulana siyafa. 'Lilibazisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo' kwaye longeze ubomi, endaweni yeempawu nje kuphela!
💬 Xa usweleka ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni yakho, uzithatha njani ezi pilisi (iMacitentan) ukuze zandise imithambo yakho/ulawule esi sifo?
Imithambo yegazi emiphungeni iyalelwa ukuba inciphe kwaye iqine (iFibrosis) yikhemikhali eyingozi emzimbeni wethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Endothelin-1'! Kwangoko nje le pilisi ingena egazini, ivala ithuba eliyi-100% lokuba loo khemikhali inamathele kwi-receptors kwimithambo yegazi (zombini i-ETA kunye ne-ETB receptors - i-Dual block). Ayipheleli apho, le mayeza ikwathintela imithambo yegazi ekubeni iqine ngokungena kwiiseli zemiphunga (i-Tissue penetration).
💬 Zeziphi 'Izilumkiso zeBlack Box' ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngabasetyhini/amadoda asebenzisa eli yeza (i-Opsumit)?
Eyona ngozi inkulu kukuba oku akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo 'kumama abakhulelweyo'! Ukuba ukhulelwa ngelixa usela oku, umntwana ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nokukhubazeka (iiMajor Birth Defects) aze afe ngaphakathi (omama kufuneka banikwe inkqubo ye-REMS). Ukongeza, oku ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubangela 'Ukwehla kwenani lamadlozi / ukungazali' emadodeni! Kwakhona, i-hemoglobin yabanye abantu (i-Anemia) inokwehla kakhulu kwaye ikhokelele kwi-anemia.
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