Kukho iintsuku apho uziva kakubi kakhulu, umzimba wakho uqaqamba, intloko yakho inzima, kwaye unomkhuhlane. Usenokuzibuza ukuba ingaba ngumkhuhlane nje lo, okanye umkhuhlane othethwa ngumntu wonke, okanye esinye isifo. Enyanisweni, ayizizo zonke iiflu ezifanayo. Ezinye iintlobo zomkhuhlane zinokukwenza ugule kakhulu, ngelixa ezinye ziqhelekile kwaye ziphucuke. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokucacileyo nangokulula namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye iFlu?
Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane lusulelo olusulelayo lwenkqubo yokuphefumla, olubangelwa liqela leentsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba yi-influenza. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nomkhuhlane .
Ngokwesiqhelo, xa uphumle ngokwaneleyo kwaye usela amanzi amaninzi (amanzi, ipapa, isuphu), ezi mpawu ziya kuphela kwiintsuku ezine ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kubantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka, le meko inokuba mandundu kwaye ikhokelele kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana ne -pneumonia , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokufa. Ke ngoko, akulunganga ukuyithatha lula i-flu.
Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye ne-COVID-19: Musa ukuzibhidanisa!
Ezi zifo zintathu ngamanye amaxesha ziyabhideka kuba zineempawu ezifanayo. Kodwa kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwazo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Umkhuhlane | Okubandayo Okunye | I-Covid-19 (i-COVID-19) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isantya sokuqala kweempawu | Iqala ngequbuliso, ngequbuliso . | Iimpawu ziyanda kancinci kancinci . | Ingenzeka kancinci okanye ngequbuliso. |
| Ifiva | Kudla ngokubakho umkhuhlane ophezulu. | Amaxesha amaninzi, nokuba sele ifikile, iba ngumkhuhlane ophantsi. | Ihlala iza nomkhuhlane. |
| Intlungu yomzimba | Ivakala iqinile kakhulu . Iqhelekile loo nto. | Mhlawumbi, kodwa akunzima kangako. | Ihlala ivakalelwa. |
| Ukudinwa/ukudinwa | Ivakala iqinile kakhulu . | Ihlala iphantsi. | Ihlala ivakala ixinene. |
| Ukuxinana kwempumlo/impumlo egobhozayo | ingayiyo. | Mhlawumbi ikhona. | ingayiyo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yincasa nevumba | Amaxesha amaninzi. | Amaxesha amaninzi. | Ihlala ibonwa. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zodwa azikwazi ukuxilonga isifo ngokuchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha uze ufumane ingcebiso.
Isasazeka njani intsholongwane yomkhuhlane?
Intsholongwane yomkhuhlane ingena emizimbeni yethu ngee-mucus membranes empumlweni, emehlweni, okanye emlonyeni. Umzekelo, xa umntu onomkhuhlane ekhohlela, ethimla, okanye ethetha, amathontsi amancinci emlonyeni nasempumlweni aphuma aye kwindawo engqongileyo. La mathontsi aqulethe intsholongwane.
Ukuba ukwindawo enjalo, loo mathontsi anokungena empumlweni yakho, emlonyeni, nasemehlweni. Okanye, ukuba uchukumisa umphezulu (itafile, isitshixo somnyango) onentsholongwane uze uchukumise ubuso bakho ngeso sandla, intsholongwane inokungena emzimbeni wakho.
Yiyo loo nto ihlala injaloUkuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwezi zifo. Ukuba uneflu, ukuhlamba izandla zakho emva kokuchukumisa ubuso bakho, impumlo, okanye umlomo kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye.
Iintlobo eziphambili zomkhuhlane esiwufumanayo
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane ezichaphazela abantu: A, B, kunye no-C.
Umkhuhlane A
Le yeyona ntsholongwane inkulu kwezi nkwenkwe. Olu hlobo lwentsholongwane yiyo ebangela ubhubhane olukhulu. Into ekhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba le ntsholongwane inokosulela kungekuphela nje abantu, kodwa nezilwanyana ezifana neentaka neehagu. Kwakhona, le ntsholongwane ihlala itshintsha uhlobo lwayo (itshintsha) . Yiyo loo nto kufika umkhuhlane omtsha phantse minyaka le.
Umkhuhlane B
Le ntsholongwane isasazeka phakathi kwabantu kuphela . Nangona ingabangela ubhubhane onzima njengohlobo A, uhlobo B lusenokukwenza ugule kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, uhlobo A kunye nohlobo B zizinto ezibangela umkhuhlane oza minyaka le.
Umkhuhlane C
Le yimeko ebuthathaka kakhulu. Iimpawu zifana nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kwaye ayibangeli ubhubhane omkhulu.
(Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zintathu, kukwakho nohlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-influenza D, kodwa luchaphazela izilwanyana ezifana neenkomo kuphela. Alukabikwa ukuba luyosulela abantu.)
Kutheni kufuneka sifumane ugonyo lomkhuhlane minyaka le?
Usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni kufuneka sifumane olu gonyo minyaka le?" Isizathu kukuba iintlobo zeentsholongwane ze-A kunye ne-B esithethe ngazo ngaphambili zihlala zitshintsha uhlobo lwazo, njengokutshintsha inkangeleko yazo.
Ngoko ke, isitofu sonyaka ophelileyo sisenokungafaneleki kuhlobo olutsha lwentsholongwane oluza kuphuma kulo nyaka. Izazinzulu zifunda iintsholongwane ezisasazeka kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le kwaye ziqikelela ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zentsholongwane ezinokuthi zisebenze ngaloo nyaka ukuphuhlisa isitofu esitsha .
Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga neeveki ezimbini emva kokufumana olu gonyo, umzimba wakho uvelisa ama-antibodies anokulwa nentsholongwane yomkhuhlane.
Yintoni le 'Bird Flu' ethethwa ngumntu wonke?
Umkhuhlane weentaka, okanye umkhuhlane weentaka, sisifo esichaphazela iintaka esibangelwa ziintlobo ezithile zentsholongwane ye-influenza A (umz. `H5N1`, `H7N9`). Nangona kunjalo, ayinakudluliselwa ebantwini rhoqo.
Kubalulekile: Umkhuhlane weentaka udluliselwa ebantwini ngokudibana ngqo nokungcola okufana namathe kunye nendle yentaka eyosulelekileyo okanye esinye isilwanyana (esisandula ukubikwa sivela kwiinkomo). Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abasebenza ezindlwini zeenkukhu nakwiifama badla ngokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu. Awudluliselwa lula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba awunakuyifumana i-bird flu ngokutya inkukhu, idada, okanye amaqanda aphekiweyo kakuhle, kuba ubushushu obuphezulu buyitshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane.
Iimpawu zomkhuhlane weentaka zingabandakanya umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye namehlo abomvu (conjunctivitis). Ugonyo oluqhelekileyo lomkhuhlane alukhuseli kwi-bird flu, kwaye kukho ugonyo olwahlukileyo lwaloo nto.
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kwaye kutshanje ubukufutshane neenkukhu, iintaka, okanye iinkomo ezigulayo, yazisa ugqirha ngokukhawuleza .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane lusulelo lokuphefumla olubangelwa yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Unokuba yingozi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
- Nangona iimpawu zomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye ne-COVID-19 zifana, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwazo.
- Ukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha nokuphepha ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane.
- Ngenxa yokuba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane zihlala zitshintsha, ukufumana isitofu somkhuhlane minyaka le kunokukukhusela kwiintlobo zaloo nyaka.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho zomkhuhlane aziphucuki kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, unengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye uzive ungcono, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho.
- Akukho mngcipheko wokufumana umkhuhlane weenkukhu ngokutya inyama namaqanda aphekiweyo kakuhle.
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