Ngaba ubuziva uphilile imini yonke waza ngequbuliso waziva ubuthathaka, uqaqamba, kwaye unomkhuhlane? Mhlawumbi ufumene 'umkhuhlane' owoyikekayo. Uqala njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, kodwa ungaguquka ngokukhawuleza ube yingozi. Ngoko ke masifunde ngakumbi ngawo namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-influenza?
Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane sisifo sokuphefumla esosulelayo kakhulu esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-influenza. Uchaphazela kakhulu impumlo yakho, umqala, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha imiphunga yakho.
Le yindlela elula kakhulu yokusasaza umkhuhlane. Le ntsholongwane isasazeka ngamathontsi amancinci amathe akhutshwa emoyeni xa umntu onomkhuhlane ekhohlela, ethimla, okanye ethetha, kwaye ungagula ukuba uyawuphefumla. Ungagula nokuba uchukumisa indawo enentsholongwane uze uchukumise impumlo, amehlo, okanye umlomo.
Abanye abantu bafumana iimpawu ezingephi xa befumana umkhuhlane, ngelixa abanye banokuba neempawu eziqatha baze bafune nokulaliswa esibhedlele. Nangona kunqabile, umkhuhlane unokubulala. Ukufumana igonyo lomkhuhlane minyaka le kunokunceda ukukhusela kule ngozi.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomkhuhlane?
Ukuba uneflu, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu:
- Ifiva
- Ukugodola
- Impumlo egobhozayo okanye impumlo exineneyo
- Intlungu ebuhlungu kwizihlunu nasemalungeni (i-arthralgia)
- Ukudinwa
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ulusu lubomvu kwaye lufudumele
- Ubomvu kunye nokukrazuka kwamehlo
- Intlungu yamehlo
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukukhwehlela okomileyo
- Umqala obuhkungu
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba endaweni yokuba iimpawu zomkhuhlane zibe zimbi kancinci kancinci, iimpawu zomkhuhlane ziba zibi kakhulu ngequbuliso nangokukhawuleza .
Ukuhlanza norhudo azizompawu ziqhelekileyo zomkhuhlane kubantu abadala, kodwa abantwana abancinci banokufumana ezi mpawu.
Ingaba ngumkhuhlane lo? Okanye ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo?
Iimpawu zazo zombini ziyafana, ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha ziyabhideka. Kulungile, makhe sibone indlela yokuchonga umahluko ochanekileyo phakathi kwazo zombini.
| Uphawu | Xa kukho umkhuhlane | Kumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane uhlala iintsuku ezi-3-4. | Kunqabile kakhulu. |
| Intlungu yomzimba | Kudla ngokubakho iintlungu eziqatha . | Kusenokubakho iintlungu ezincinci. |
| Ukuphola | Ihlala ibonwa. | Ayibonwa rhoqo. |
| Ukudinwa | Ixhaphake kakhulu kwaye inzima. | Iza ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kancinci kancinci. |
| Ukukhohlela kunye nokungakhululeki esifubeni | Kudla ngokubakho ukukhwehlela okomileyo okuqatha. | Usenokuba nokukhohlela okuncinci. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Intloko ebuhlungu inokubakho. | Amaxesha amaninzi. |
Umahluko phakathi komkhuhlane kunye ne-COVID-19 (COVID-19)
Nangona zombini zizifo zokuphefumla, zibangelwa ziintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane. I-Covid ibangelwa yi-coronavirus ebizwa ngokuba yi-SARS-CoV-2. I-Covid-19 iyosulela ngakumbi kune-flu kwaye idla ngokuba mandundu ngakumbi.
Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba bangoobani aba babini ngaphandle kophando. Kodwa,Ukulahlekelwa yivumba nencasa ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo (ngaphandle kokuxinana kwempumlo) luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-COVID, kodwa alukho lomkhuhlane.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba une-COVID-19 kwaye uneempawu ezilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko elikufutshane (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko okanye ubize i-ambulensi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye uxinzelelo olungapheliyo
- Imilebe, ulusu, okanye iinzipho zijika zibe mhlophe, zibe ngwevu, okanye zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Ubunzima bokuvuka okanye ukungakwazi ukuhlala uphaphile
- Ukudideka
Yintoni onokuyenza ekhaya xa uneflu?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, umkhuhlane unokunyangeka kwaye unyangeke ekhaya.
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Xa ugula, amajoni akho omzimba adinga ukuphumla okongezelelekileyo ukuze asebenze.
- Sela iziselo ezininzi: Umkhuhlane unokubangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokubila, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo. Amanzi angcono kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iziselo ezifudumeleyo ezifana neti, ipapa, kunye nesuphu zinokunceda ekunciphiseni umphimbo obuhlungu. Ziphephe iziselo ezineswekile kunye neziselo ezine-caffeine.
- Hlala kude nabanye: Yeka ukusasaza esi sifo kwabanye. Kuphephe ukuya emsebenzini okanye esikolweni ude uphile ngokupheleleyo.
- Izithomalalisi zentlungu: Isithomalalisi sentlungu esifana neParacetamol singasetyenziswa ngokwengcebiso kagqirha.
Isilumkiso esibaluleke kakhulu!
Musa ukunika i-aspirin nabani na ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Oku kunokubangela imeko yobuchopho engaqhelekanga kodwa enzulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-Reye's syndrome. Ukuba usela naliphi na iyeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba.
Kuthekani ukuba kufuneka unyango?
Umkhuhlane lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane kwaye alunakunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usengozini yokufumana iingxaki ezivela kumkhuhlane, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. La asebenza kakhulu ukuba athathwe kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokuqala kweempawu. I-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) yenye yamayeza anjalo.
Iingxaki zomkhuhlane
Abantu abasempilweni entle abanamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki ezinkulu zomkhuhlane, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki.
Iindidi zomngcipheko:
- Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala (ingakumbi phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 neminyaka emi-2)
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala
- Oomama abakhulelweyo
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (umz., abo banyangwa umhlaza)
- Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-asthma, isifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sezintso
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka:
- Ukukrala kwemiphunga
- Usulelo lweSinus (iSinusitis)
- Usulelo lwendlebe
- I-Bronchitis
- I-Myocarditis
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba iimpawu zakho azincinci kwaye awuweli kwelinye lamaqela asemngciphekweni akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, akufuneki ubone ugqirha. Ungaphila ngokuphumla ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukwiqela elisemngciphekweni okanye unamathandabuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga neempawu zakho, thetha nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Iimeko ezifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo
Nokuba uwela kuluphi na udidi, ukuba uneempawu ezilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko elikufutshane (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo kubantu abadala | Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo kubantwana abancinci |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza okanye okunzima |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye uxinzelelo | Ulusu okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| Ukudinwa ngequbuliso, ukudideka | Ukungachami iiyure ezisi-8, akukho ziinyembezi xa ulila |
| Ukuhlanza okukhulu | Ukungabi namdla wokudlala, ukudinwa |
| Umkhuhlane okanye ukukhwehlela okuphelayo uze ubuye | Umkhuhlane ophezulu ( nawuphi na umkhuhlane yingxaki engxamisekileyo kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweeveki ezili-12 ubudala) |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esifika ngequbuliso kwaye sibi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
- Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuphumla, ukusela ulwelo, kunye nokusela amayeza okudambisa iintlungu njengoko ugqirha emyalele, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwanele.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nomkhuhlane ophezulu , yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abakwiqela elisengozini (abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, oomama abakhulelweyo, izigulane ezigula kakhulu) ukuba bafune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu zibonakala.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kumkhuhlane kukufumana igonyo lomkhuhlane minyaka le.
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