Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ufumanisa izinto zingacacanga, zingacacanga, okanye zisoluliwe kancinci? Ingakumbi xa uqhuba ebusuku, ngaba ubona i-halo ejikeleze izibane zemoto phambi kwakho? Ngaba uphathwa yintloko emva kwexesha elithile ngelixa ufunda incwadi okanye iphephandaba, ubukele iTV, okanye usebenza kwikhompyutha? Ngaba amehlo akho aziva ediniwe? Ukuba ukhe waba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, eli nqaku liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Astigmatism', abantu abaninzi abanayo, kodwa xa besiva igama, bayoyika njengesifo esibi, kodwa eneneni kulula kakhulu ukuyilungisa.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-astigmatism?
Ngamafutshane, i-astigmatism yimeko apho iliso lakho, ingakumbi inxalenye ecacileyo ephambi kweliso lakho, i-cornea, ingekho ngqukuva njengebhola. Sonke sinale meko ngandlela thile.
Khawucinge ngeliso eliphilileyo elijikelezileyo ngokugqibeleleyo, njengebhola yevoli. Emva koko ukukhanya okungena elisweni kugobile ngendlela efanayo, ngokulinganayo, kwaye kugxile kwindawo efanayo kwi-retina. Emva koko sinokubona yonke into ngokucacileyo.
Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iliso lakho limile njengebhola yombhoxo? Ukukhanya okungena elisweni lakho kugobile kwelinye icala nakwelinye icala. Oku kuthetha ukuba yinxalenye enye kuphela yento egxile kuyo, ngelixa enye inxalenye ingagxili kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, izinto zibonakala zingabonakali kwaye zilula.
I-Astigmatism idla ngokudibana ne-myopia okanye i-nearsighting okanye i-hyperopia okanye i-farseviewing. Sizibiza zonke ezi meko zintathu ngokuba ziimpazamo zokungahoyi. Oku kungenxa yokuba zontathu zibandakanya utshintsho kwindlela ukukhanya okungena ngayo elisweni okugobileyo (okujijekileyo).
Kodwa ungakhathazeki, le yinto enokulungiseka lula ngugqirha wamehlo ngeeglasi, iilensi zokunxibelelana, okanye utyando.
Zithini iimpawu ze-astigmatism?
Usenokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu:
- Izinto zibonakala zingacacanga okanye zijijekile (umz., isangqa sibonakala simile okweqanda)
- Uxinzelelo lwamehlo
- Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo
- Ubunzima bokubona ebusuku
Ezi mpawu zikhula kancinci kancinci. Awuyi kubona mahluko mkhulu kwangoko. Intloko ebuhlungu ivela kumgudu amehlo akho awenzayo ukuze agxile kwizinto. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba le meko iyenzeka kwiintsapho . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye umntu osapho lwakho unayo, unokuba nayo.
Zithini izizathu zale meko?
Kwabaninzi abantu, le meko yinto abazalwa nayo. Kodwa iingcali azikayazi ukuba yintoni ebangela oku. Ngaphandle koko, i-astigmatism inokubakho nangenxa yezinye izizathu.
- Emva kokwenzakala kweliso
- Ngenxa yengxaki yamehlo
- Emva kotyando lwamehlo
Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba i-astigmatism ibangelwe yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-keratoconus. Kulapho i-cornea yeliso iba ncinci kwaye imile okwekhowuni. Kwimeko enjalo, kufuneka iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ukuze zibonakale ngokucacileyo.
Kodwa khumbula into enye. Ukufunda iincwadi ekukhanyeni okufipheleyo okanye ukubukela iTV kufutshane kakhulu akubangeli i-astigmatism. Loo nto yingcamango nje ephosakeleyo kuluntu.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wamehlo ukuze akuhlole ngokupheleleyo. Ugqirha uza kukucela ukuba ufunde itshathi yamehlo ukuze abone ukuba umbono wakho ubukhali kangakanani. Ukongeza, basebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo le meko.
- Phoropter: Uyakhumbula, umatshini otshintsha iilensi nganye nganye aze abuze athi, "Ingaba oku kucacile, kucacile?" Yileyo ndlela ofumana ngayo ilensi ekunika umbono ocacileyo.
- I-Keratometer: Lo matshini ulinganisa ukugoba kwe-cornea yakho. Oku kunika ugqirha umbono olungileyo ngesimo se-cornea kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukugxila ekukhanyeni.
- I-Autorefractor: Esi sixhobo sithumela ukukhanya emehlweni akho kwaye silinganise indlela elibuyela ngayo umva. Oku kunokukunika umbono ocacileyo weelensi ozifunayo.
- Ingcali yokujonga i-cornea: Le yeyona ndlela ineenkcukacha zokufumana ulwazi malunga nokuma kwe-cornea. Oku kudala imephu yemibala ye-3D ye-cornea yakho. Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wenza utyando lwe-laser (njenge-'LASIK').
Ngaba singayiqonda i-prescription yakho?
Xa ubona oonobumba namanani kumyalelo owunikwa ngugqirha wakho, usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi zinto. Masicacise ngokulula.
| Uphawu / Inxalenye | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| I-OD kunye ne-OS | I-OD imele iliso lasekunene (Oculus Dexter), i-OS imele iliso lasekhohlo (Oculus Sinister), kwaye i-OU imele amehlo omabini (Oculus Uterque). |
| Inombolo yokuqala (ejikelezayo) | Oku kukuxelela ukuba unengxaki yokubona kufutshane okanye kude. Ukuba kukho uphawu lwe-minus (-) phambi kwenani, ubona kufutshane. Ukuba kukho uphawu lwe-plus (+) phambi kwenani, ubona kude. Okukhona inani liphezulu, kokukhona ukubona kwakho kufiphala ngakumbi. |
| Inombolo yesibini (iCylindrical) | Oku kuchaza ukuba une-astigmatism engakanani. Okukhona eli nani liphezulu, kokukhona une-astigmatism engakumbi. |
| Inombolo yesithathu (i-Axis) | Oku kukuxelela indawo ekuyo i-astigmatism kwi-cornea yakho. |
Umzekelo, ukuba icebiso lisithi "OD -1.00 x -2.00 x 155", oko kuthetha ukuba iliso lakho lasekunene (OD) line-diopter enye yokubona okukufutshane kunye ne-diopter ezimbini ze-astigmatism, kwindawo ye-155 degrees.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Phantse zonke iimeko ze-astigmatism zinokulungiswa ngeeglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-astigmatism encinci kakhulu kwaye akukho ngxaki yokubona, usenokungazidingi iiglasi.
Iiglasi
Iilensi zoqhagamshelwano zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukufiphala okubangelwa yimo engaqhelekanga ye-cornea yakho. Zisebenza kakuhle xa ujonge phambili. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-astigmatism eninzi, izinto ezinje ngomgangatho kunye nodonga zinokubonakala zithambile xa uzinxiba okokuqala. Ungakhathazeki ngaloo nto. Amehlo akho aza kuqhelana nazo kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Zama ukuzinxiba iiyure ezimbalwa kusasa kwaye uziqhele kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umbono wakho awuphucuki, bona ugqirha wakho kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba iresiphi yakho ichanekile.
Iilensi zokujonga
Iilensi zoqhagamshelwano nazo zingayilungisa le meko. Kodwa udinga uhlobo oluthile lwelensi eyenzelwe loo njongo. Iilensi ezithambileyo ezisetyenziselwa i-astigmatism zibizwa ngokuba ziilensi ze-toric. Ezi zenzelwe ukujikeleza iliso libuyele kwindawo efanelekileyo nokuba lithambekile.
Ukuba i-astigmatism yakho inzima, iilensi zokunxibelelana eziqinileyo ezingena kwigesi zezona zilungileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha basebenzisa ezi lensi ziqinileyo kunyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-orthokeratology. Kule nto, unxiba ezi lensi ngelixa ulele ebusuku. Iilensi zilungisa okwethutyana imo ye-cornea yakho. Ungabona ngokucacileyo imini yonke. Kodwa kufuneka uzinxibe ezi lensi rhoqo ukuze ugcine loo milo.
Utyando lwamehlo ngeLaser
Utyando lwelaser, olufana ne-'LASIK' okanye i-'PRK', lutshintsha ngokusisigxina imo ye-cornea yakho ukuze igxile ekukhanyeni ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho wamehlo ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku.
Ingaba oku kuyenzeka nakubantwana abancinci?
Ewe. Iintsana ezininzi zizalwa zine-astigmatism. Kodwa akukho nto ifanele ixhalabe ngayo. Idla ngokuziphelela xa sele zinonyaka omnye ubudala.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ingxaki yomntwana yokubona ayinyangwa, inokuchaphazela ngqo umsebenzi wakhe wesikolo. Umntwana omncinci usenokungaqondi ukuba unengxaki ngokubona kwakhe. Ngenxa yoko, oku kunokuchaphazela nomsebenzi wakhe wesikolo. Ngamanye amaxesha , unokubizwa ngokungafanelekanga ngokuthi 'umntwana okhubazekileyo ekufundeni'. Ngenxa yoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana ahlolwe amehlo. Kungcono ukuba umntwana ahlolwe amehlo xa eneminyaka emalunga neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Astigmatism ayisosifo, kodwa sisiphene sokubona esenzeka ngenxa yokuba imilo ye-cornea yeliso ayingqukuvanga ngokupheleleyo.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukubona izinto zingabonakali, ukubona izinto zingabonakali, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nobunzima bokubona ebusuku.
- Le meko idla ngokuba yinto yokuzalwa kwaye ayibangelwa yimikhwa efana nokufunda ekukhanyeni okufipheleyo.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu koku, olufana neeglasi, iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, kunye notyando lwelaser.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unengxaki yokubona, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.
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