Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi awulungelelananga, uyakhubeka, kwaye amalungu akho angasebenzi kakuhle xa uhamba? Usenokuba ucinga, "Yintoni engalunganga ngam, ndiza kuwa nje." Nangona singacingi kakhulu ngayo ngamanye amaxesha anje, oku kungaba luphawu lwengxaki kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-ataxia kunyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ataxia?
I-Ataxia kukulahlekelwa kukulungelelaniswa kwezihlunu emzimbeni wakho. Cinga ngale ndlela: ingqondo yakho yingqondo elawula zonke iintshukumo zomzimba wakho. Ukuphakamisa ingalo, ukubeka umlenze, ukuthetha, zonke ezi zinto zifuna imiyalelo evela kwingqondo yakho. Kwi-ataxia, kukho ingxaki kwenye indawo kule nkqubo yokufundisa. Ngenxa yoko, iintshukumo zakho ziba zingaqhelekanga, zingahambelani, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zibe zimbi.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-ataxia ngamanye amaxesha inokuba luphawu lwesinye isifo. Kwakhona, kukho iqela lezifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-ataxia ngegama elifanayo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Ataxia kunye ne-Apraxia?
Nangona la magama mabini evakala efana, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi meko zimbini. Ukuqonda oku kuya kukunika ingqiqo entle.
| Imeko | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| I-Apraxia | Okwenzekayo koku kukuba ingqondo yakho iyalibala ukwenza into osele uyazi ukuba ingayenza njani. Umzekelo, umntu okwaziyo ukukama iinwele zakhe ngekama akakwazi ukuqonda ukuba angayenza njani. Kukho ingxaki kwiziko 'lokucubungula' engqondweni. |
| I-Ataxia | Kwimeko enjalo, ingqondo iyazi into emayiyenze, kodwa izihlunu ezifunekayo ukuze ikwenze azikwazi ukudibana. Ingqondo iyazi ukuba kufuneka ikama iinwele zayo, kodwa ayinalo ulungelelwano lokubamba ikama ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ihambise isandla sayo ngqo entlokweni yayo. |
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-ataxia?
I-Ataxia inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili kuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeka ngayo.
- I-Cerebellar Ataxia: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Ngasemva kwengqondo yethu, phantsi kwe-cerebellum , kukho inxalenye encinci. Olu lumbindi ophambili olawula iintshukumo zomzimba wethu, ukuma, kunye nokulinganisela. Olu hlobo lwe-ataxia lwenzeka xa kukho umonakalo kule cerebellum.
- I-Sensory Ataxia: Ngaba uyazi ukuba izandla neenyawo zakho ziphi na nokuba uvala amehlo akho? Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'self-positioning sense'. Le yinkqubo exelela ingqondo rhoqo malunga nendawo yomzimba wethu. I-Sensory ataxia yenzeka xa le mvakalelo iphazamisekile. Aba bantu banengxaki yokuhamba, nokuba amehlo abo avaliwe, okanye ebumnyameni.
- I-Vestibular Ataxia: Indlebe yethu yangaphakathi inenkqubo ebalulekileyo kwibhalansi yomzimba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-vestibular system. Xa kukho ingxaki ngale nkqubo, umzekelo, usulelo, ibhalansi yakho ilahleka ngokupheleleyo. Ingavakala ngathi udada esikhepheni uze ufike emhlabeni.
Zithini izizathu ze-ataxia?
Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela i-ataxia. Zinokwahlulwahlulwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Izizathu ezifunyenweyo: Iimeko okanye ezinye izizathu ezikhula ngexesha elithile ebomini. Ezinye zezi zezokwexeshana kwaye zinokunyangwa.
- Ilifa: Iimeko ezizuzwa kubazali ngokusebenzisa iijini. Imizekelo yezi zizifo ezifana ne-'Friedreich's ataxia' kunye ne-'ataxia-telangiectasia'.
- Izizathu ezingaqhelekanga: Ezi zibangelwa lutshintsho olungalindelekanga kwiijini (i-DNA) olwenzeka ngelixa umntwana ongekazalwa ekhula esibelekweni. Ezi azizuzwa njengelifa kubazali.
Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-ataxia ziquka:
- Ukusela utywala kakhulu: Yiyo loo nto ukhubeka xa usela kakhulu uze unxile.
- Ukuhlaselwa yiStroke kunye neTransient Ischemic (TIAs) .
- Iithumba zobuchopho okanye ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
- Iingozi zentloko kunye nokwenzakala.
- Izifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezifana neMultiple Sclerosis (MS) .
- Ukunqongophala kweevithamini ezifana ne-vitamin B12 kunye ne-vitamin E.
- Njengesiphumo esingesihle seminye imithi, ingakumbi leyo yesifo sokuwa kunye nokudakumba.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid (i-Hypothyroidism).
- Iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye iifungi, ingakumbi ezo zichaphazela ingqondo okanye iindlebe.
- Isifo seCeliac.
- Ukuchanabeka kwiityhefu ezifana neekhemikhali kunye neesinyithi ezinzima (umz. i-mercury).
- Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo obangelwa kukufunxa/ukufunxa (ukufunxa) izinto ezifana netshungama, ipetroli, ipeyinti, njl.njl.
- Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye noxinzelelo.
Inyangwa njani le meko?
Unyango lwe-ataxia luxhomekeke kwisizathu, ngoko ke kusenokubakho unyango oluninzi olufumanekayo.
Umzekelo, i-ataxia ebangelwa butywala ayifuni nyango ngaphandle kokuhlala uphaphile. Ukunqongophala kweVithamin B12 kunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngeepilisi okanye iinaliti zeVithamin. Ukuba lusulelo, kuya kufuneka amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungazami ukuzinyanga ngaphandle kokufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo kuqala. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukuxelela ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo, ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye novavanyo olufunekayo.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ngamanye amaxesha i-ataxia inokuba luphawu olulumkisayo lwemeko yempilo enzulu. Ke ngoko, kwiimeko ezilandelayo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
| Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza! | |
|---|---|
| Ukuqala ngequbuliso | Ukuba i-ataxia iqala ngequbuliso okanye iyanda kancinci kancinci. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Ukuba i-ataxia iyenzeka, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza. |
| Ezinye iingxaki | Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nobunzima bokuginya (dysphagia), ubunzima bokuthetha (aphasia), okanye iintshukumo zamehlo ezikhawulezayo nezingalawulekiyo (nystagmus). |
| Iimpawu zestroke | Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zestroke, ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka, okanye intetho engacacanga kwelinye icala lobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. |
| Ixesha | Ukuba le meko iyaqhubeka kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa. |
Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuthintela oku?
Asinakuthintela zonke izizathu ze-ataxia, ingakumbi iimeko zelifa. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezizathu ezinxulumene nendlela esiphila ngayo zinokulawulwa.
- Ukulawula utywala: Ukunciphisa okanye ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuthintelwe ukungabikho kweevithamini emzimbeni.
- Ukhuseleko: Ukunxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifana nezigcina-ntloko xa udlala imidlalo okanye usenza imisebenzi enokubangela ukwenzakala entloko.
- Ukunyanga izifo: Funa ingcebiso kagqirha kunye nonyango ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi ukuba unezifo zendlebe, endaweni yokuzivumela ukuba ziqhubeke zingajongwanga.
- Ukuphepha izinto ezinobungozi: Landela iindlela ezikhuselekileyo xa usebenzisa iikhemikhali. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba utye into enobungozi, ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweeTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
- Lumka ngamayeza: Ukuba ucinga ukuba uhlangabezana nezi mpawu ngenxa yamayeza owasebenzisayo, ungaze uyeke ukuwasebenzisa ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho kuqala. Amanye amayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi ukuba uyeka ukuwasebenzisa ngequbuliso.
Indlela i-ataxia echaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho nokuba ichaphazela ubomi bakho kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwisizathu esiyintloko. I-Ataxia ebangelwa zizizathu zexeshana ayichaphazeli ubomi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko zofuzo okanye ze-neurological zinokuba nemiphumo yexesha elide. Ke ngoko, ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika ukuqonda okungcono kunye neengcebiso malunga nemeko yakho. Musa ukoyika okanye ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngengxaki yakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Ataxia ayisiyonto nje ebangela ukukhubeka okanye ukungakhululeki, yingxaki yokulungelelaniswa kwemisipha yomzimba.
- Oku kunokubangelwa zizizathu ezilula ezifana nokusela utywala kunye nokungabikho kweevithamini, kunye nezizathu ezinzulu ezifana nestroke kunye neethumba zobuchopho.
- Ukuba i-ataxia ivele ngequbuliso, okanye ihamba neempawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba, yithathe njengengxamiseko kwaye ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukuyityeshela le mpawu. Soloko ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo.
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