Ngaba ukhathazekile okanye ukhathazekile kukuba umntwana wakho omncinci unengxaki yokuva? Mhlawumbi ugqirha ukuqinisekisile oko. "Ngaba umntwana wam uza kuthetha? Ngaba uza kuya esikolweni njengabanye abantwana?" Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi efana nale engqondweni yakho. Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngobuchwepheshe banamhlanje, kukho indlela entle yonyango enokufundisa nomntwana onengxaki yokuva ukuthetha njengabanye abantwana nokuva izandi zehlabathi. Namhlanje sithetha ngendlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-Auditory-Verbal Therapy (AVT).
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Auditory-Verbal Therapy (AVT)?
Le yindlela yokungenelela kwangethuba kubantwana abancinci abanengxaki yokuva, oko kukuthi, abangeva kakuhle okanye abanengxaki yokuva. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana abasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana nezixhobo zokuva okanye izixhobo zokufakelwa i-cochlear.
Khawucinge nje, nangona ezi zixhobo zivumela umntwana ukuba eve izandi, ingqondo kufuneka iqeqeshwe ukuze iqonde ukuba yintoni na isandi, nokuba ligama elithi "mama" okanye isandi senja ekhonkothayo. Yiloo nto eyenziwa yi-AVT. Ngamafutshane, injongo ephambili kukuphuhlisa ulwimi nentetho ngokuva .
Into ekhethekileyo ngale ndlela yonyango kukuba ibandakanya abazali kunye namalungu osapho. Ukongeza kwiiseshoni kunye nogqirha wengqondo, abazali bayakhokelwa ukuba baqhubeke nolu qeqesho ngokudlala, incoko, kunye nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla nomntwana ekhaya.
Khumbula, ungutitshala wokuqala nobaluleke kakhulu womntwana wakho. Unendima enkulu ekufuneka uyidlale kolu hambo.
Ingaba olu nyango lusebenza ngokwenene?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Izifundo zifumanise ukuba xa abantwana abanengxaki yokuva abafumana unyango lwe-AVT bengena kwibanga lokuqala, babonisa izakhono zokuthetha nezolwimi ezifana nezo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zingcono kunezo zabantwana abaqhelekileyo. Bahlangabezana kakuhle nemfundo eqhelekileyo, bagqwesa kwizifundo ezifana nezibalo nokufunda, benza abahlobo, kwaye banokuzithemba okuhle.
Ukulahlekelwa kukuva sisifo esiqhelekileyo esizalwa naso. Nangona kunjalo, akulunganga ukuthi umntwana akanakufunda ukuva kuba nje enengxaki yokuva. Ubuchwepheshe bale mihla, obufana nezixhobo zokuva kunye nee-cochlear implants, kunye nonyango olufana ne-AVT lunokufezekisa iziphumo ezimangalisayo.
Ngubani onokufumana olu nyango?
Ukuze olu nyango luphumelele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala kwangethuba kangangoko . Kungcono ukuqala kwangethuba kwiinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuva.
- Ukuba umntwana usebenzisa izixhobo zokuva okanye izixhobo zokufakelwa i-cochlear.
- Akukho ngxaki nokuba ukulahlekelwa kukuva kwenzeka ukususela ekuzalweni okanye kwenzeka kamva ngenxa yesinye isizathu.
- Olu nyango lufanelekile nakweyiphi na ingxaki yokuva, ukusuka kwencinci ukuya kwenzima kakhulu, nokuba kukho ingxaki kwenye okanye zombini iindlebe, nokuba imeko yeyokwexeshana okanye ingunaphakade.
Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwe-Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) ngexesha lokuzalwa. Ukuba kukho ingxaki, ugqirha angakunika izixhobo ezifunekayo aze akuthumelele unyango olunjalo ngokukhawuleza.
Zithini ii-Hearing Aids kunye neeCochlear Implants?
Ngamafutshane, izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva zenza izandi zibe nkulu. Kodwa nangona usiva isandi siphezulu, awuqondi ukuba yintoni. I-AVT ikunceda ufumane olo lwazi.
Ii-implants ze-cochlear ziyacetyiswa kubantwana abangafumani ncedo kwiindidi zokuva. Ukuba kukho ingxaki nge-cochlea, inxalenye yendlebe yethu yangaphakathi eyonakeleyo kwaye ineengxaki zokuthumela amaza esandi engqondweni, esi sixhobo sifakwa ngotyando. Sidlula inxalenye eyonakeleyo kwaye sivumela isandi ukuba sivakale ngqo engqondweni.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-AVT kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango?
Iindlela ezifana nokufunda imilebe okanye ulwimi lwezandla zixhomekeke kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo , oko kukuthi, oko ukubonayo ngamehlo akho. Okwenzekayo kukuba inxalenye yengqondo ejongene nokuva, i-cortex yokuva, ayivuseleli kwaye ayisebenzi.
Kodwa kunyango lwe-AVT, kwenzeka okwahlukileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukukhula "kwengqondo yokuva" yomntwana. Oko kukuthi, baqeqeshwa ukuthetha nokuqonda ngokuva. Omnye umahluko okhethekileyo kukuba abazali kunye nosapho benziwa abathathi-nxaxheba ababalulekileyo kule nkqubo.
Njengabazali, yintoni enifanele niyenze ekhaya?
Ingcali yezonyango iza kuba ngumqeqeshi wakho oyintloko oza kukukhokela. Zikhumbule ezi zinto xa usekhaya nomntwana wakho.
| Oko kufuneka ukwenze | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Thetha kufutshane nesixhobo. | Thetha kufutshane nemakrofoni yesixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva somntwana okanye i-cochlear implant. |
| Thetha ngendlela eqhelekileyo. | Thetha kancinci, ngokucacileyo, kodwa ungakhwazi, ngelizwi lakho eliqhelekileyo. |
| Nciphisa ingxolo yangaphandle | Yenza indawo ezolileyo ngaphandle kwengxolo engeyomfuneko efana neTV, irediyo, kunye nabalandeli. |
| Phinda. | Ukuba kukho into engacacanga kumntwana, yiphinde kaninzi kangangoko kufuneka. |
| Thetha ngokweemvakalelo. | Thetha ngendlela ebonisa iimvakalelo, ngesingqisho nangethoni. Oku kuya kunceda ukutsala ingqalelo yomntwana kwisandi. |
Kutheni le ndlela iphumelela kangaka?
Kukho isizathu sesayensi soku. Iminyaka emi-3.5 yokuqala yobomi bomntwana lixesha elihle lokukhula kwengqondo. Ngeli xesha, ingqondo iguquguquka kakhulu. Oko kuthetha ukuba inamandla amangalisayo okufunda izinto ezintsha nokwenza unxibelelwano olutsha. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -neural plasticity .
Ukuba umntwana onengxaki yokuva akafumani khuthazo lwesandi ngeli xesha, ingqondo iqhelana nezinto ezibonakalayo kuphela. Oko kukuthi, iba "yingqondo ebonakalayo." Kodwa into eyenziwa yi-AVT kukusebenzisa kakuhle eli xesha lihle kwaye iguqule ingqondo ibe "yingqondo yokuva nokubona."
Ulungiselela njani iseshoni yonyango?
- Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva zomntwana wakho zisebenza kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba uye kwiseshoni.
- Yiza nencwadi okanye ifayile ukuze ubhale phantsi amanqaku kunye nemisebenzi oyinikwa yingcali yakho yezonyango.
- Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukugcina i-albhamu yokurekhoda inkqubela yomntwana wakho kunye nokuqokelela iifoto.
Olu nyango luhlala luthatha iminyaka emithathu nangaphezulu, kodwa lunokwahluka kumntwana ngamnye. Into ebalulekileyo kukuqhuba olu qeqesho ngemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla nomntwana wakho ekhaya, kunye nokuya kwiiseshoni zonyango.
Kukho iingcali ezimbalwa eziqeqeshiweyo (iingcali zolwimi eziphulaphulayo nezithethwayo - i-LSLS) ehlabathini. Ngenxa yoko, kunokuba nzima ukufumana enye eSri Lanka. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngale nto noGqirha we-ENT okanye iNgcali yeNtetho neLwimi enyanga umntwana wakho kwaye ifune ulwalathiso lwakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa ukulahleka kokuva komntwana kwangethuba kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye unike izixhobo zokuva ezifunekayo ngokusekelwe kwiingcebiso zonyango.
- Unyango lokuva nokuthetha (AVT) yindlela ekhethekileyo yonyango efundisa ingqondo yomntwana ukuqonda izandi, oko kukuthi, 'ukuphulaphula'.
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabazali kubalulekile ukuze olu nyango luphumelele. Ungutitshala wokuqala noyena ubalaseleyo womntwana wakho.
- Ngokungafaniyo nolwimi lwezandla, oku kunika umntwana ithuba lokunxibelelana ngokuthetha njengabanye abantu kuluntu oluqhelekileyo.
- Olu hambo lufuna ukuzinikela nomonde. Kodwa isiphumo sokugqibela lutyalo-mali oluxabisekileyo ebomini bomntwana bonke. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
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