Khawuthelekelele ukuba uhlala uva iintlungu emqolo okanye ecaleni, okanye ugqirha uthi uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu kancinci. Sihlala silibala ngezi zinto, sicinga ukuba ziqhelekile. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha into efihliweyo ngasemva kwezi zinto yingxaki enxulumene nezintso efuna ingqalelo ethile. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enjalo, enokulawulwa kakuhle ukuba ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ADPKD?
Sibiza le Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease ngamafutshane, okanye i-ADPKD . Okwenzekayo kukuba ngaphakathi kwezintso zakho, kukho iingxowa ezincinci ezizaliswe lulwelo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-cysts . Njengoko ezi cysts ziqala ukukhula, izintso azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo oqhelekileyo wokucoca igazi ngokufanelekileyo.
Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu , usulelo lomchamo , kunye namatye ezintso. Kwabanye abantu, le meko inokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, ide ikhokelele ekungasebenzini kwezintso. Kodwa akwenzeki kubo bonke abantu.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu banokuphila iminyaka emininzi bengazi ukuba banesi sifo. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40 ubudala. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"adult PKD."
Nangona kungekho ndlela ipheleleyo yokunyanga oku, ukuba ugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni, uthatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho, kwaye ngakumbi ulawule uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo kwizintso zakho.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo? Siziva njani?
Ayingabo bonke abantu abane-ADPKD abaya kuba neempawu. Abanye abantu basenokungazi ukuba banazo kangangeminyaka. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kubantu abanale meko luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu , usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo , kunye namatye ezintso . Masihlalutye ezi mpawu.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | |
|---|---|
| Intlungu emqolo okanye kumacala omabini omqolo | Uninzi lwexesha, le ntlungu ibakho xa i-cyst iqhuma, ilitye lezintso livela, okanye usulelo lomchamo. |
| Igazi kumchamo | Oku kungenzeka ngequbuliso. Umchamo ungabonakala upinki okanye umdaka. |
| Ukwandiswa kwesisu | Njengoko ii-cysts zikhula, izintso zinokudumba zize zive ngathi ziphuma esiswini. |
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, la maqhuqhuva anokukhula abe makhulu aze onakalise izintso, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungasebenzini kakuhle kwezintso kwabanye abantu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ndiziva ndidiniwe kwaye ndidiniwe ( Ukudinwa )
- Ukudinga rhoqo ukuchama
- Imijikelo yokuya exesheni engaqhelekanga kubafazi
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ukudumba kwamaqatha, izandla, neenyawo
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kumadoda
Kutheni olu hlobo lwesifo lusenzeka? Ingaba lufuzo?
Ewe, esi sisifo esizuzwa njengelifa . Ngamafutshane, esi sifo sibangelwa sisiphene kwiijini emizimbeni yethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, sibangelwa sisiphene kwenye yeejini ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`PKD1` kunye ne-`PKD2`. Ezi jini zezona zinika iiseli zezintso uphawu "lokukhula nini". Ngoko ke xa kukho isiphene kwenye yezi jini, iiseli zezintso zikhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo kwaye ii-cysts esizikhankanyileyo ziqala ukwakheka.
Ukuze uninzi lwezifo ezidluliselwa ngelifa zikhule, kufuneka uzuze i-gene enesiphene kumama wakho nakutata wakho. Kodwa into ekhethekileyo nge-ADPKD kukuba ukuba uzuze i-gene enesiphene kumzali omnye kuphela, nokuba ngumama wakho okanye utata wakho , umntwana wakho uya kuba nesi sifo.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba umama okanye utata wakho unesi sifo, nawe unethuba elingama-50% lokuba unesifo.
Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba umntu abe nesi sifo nokuba abazali bakhe abanaso, kodwa sinokubangelwa sisiphene esitsha kwijini emzimbeni wakhe. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile kakhulu.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unengxaki yezintso ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, angakuthumela kwi -nephrologist . Uza kukubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Zithini iimpawu zakho? Ziqale nini?
- Ngaba uyalwazi uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi?
- Ingaba kukho intlungu naphi na? Ukuba ikhona, iphi?
- Ngaba kukho umntu onesifo sezintso kusapho lwakho?
- Ngaba wakha wavavanywa i-genetic ngaphambili?
Emva koko, kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho na ii-cysts kwizintso.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza umfanekiso wezintso. Olu luvavanyo lokuqala oluyenziwa rhoqo.
- I-MRI Scan okanye i-CT Scan: Ezi scan zintsonkothileyo zisetyenziselwa ukufumana amaqhuqhuva amancinci kakhulu ukuba angabonwa nge-ultrasound.
Ukongeza, i-DNA yakho inokuvavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba unesiphene na kwi-'PKD1` okanye 'PKD2` genes. Nangona kunjalo, nangona olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba unesifo okanye akunjalo, alunakuqikelela ukuba iimpawu ziya kuvela nini okanye ukuba ziya kuba nzima kangakanani.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze ngexesha lonyango nasekhaya?
Akukho nyango lwe-ADPKD. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki zempilo ezibangelwa sisifo zinokunyangwa kwaye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kunokuthintelwa okanye kulibaziseke. Ungadinga unyango olufana nolu:
- Amayeza acothisa ukuqhubela phambili kokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso: Amayeza afana neTolvaptan (Jynarque) anokunceda ukulawula ukwehla kokusebenza kwezintso kubantu abadala abasengozini yokufumana esi sifo ngokukhawuleza.
- Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ii-antibiotics zosulelo lomchamo
- Izibulali-ntlungu
Ukuba izintso zakho ziyasilela, kuya kufuneka wenze i-dialysis . Oku kuquka ukucoca igazi lakho ngomatshini. Usenokufanelekela nokufakelwa izintso . Kuya kufuneka uxoxe ngale nto nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba ikulungele na.
Imikhwa esifanele siyilandele ukuze sihlale sisempilweni
Ukuze ukhusele izintso zakho kwaye uzigcine zisebenza kakuhle ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
- Yitya ngendlela efanelekileyo: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okunetyuwa encinci. Ityuwa inokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Hlala usebenza:Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ekulawuleni ubunzima kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, kodwa kuphephe imidlalo enokulimaza izintso zakho.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kungonakalisa imithambo yegazi kwizintso kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wokwakheka kwamaqhuqhuva.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokwakheka kwamaqhuqhuva.
Yintoni esinokuyilindela kwixesha elizayo? Ngaba kukho ezinye iingxaki?
IiCysts zihlala zikhula kancinci kakhulu. Ukuba ulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho kwaye uphila ubomi obusempilweni, ungalulawula olu khula. Kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka, zinokukhula ngokwaneleyo ukuba zonakalise izintso zakho.
Izinga lokukhula kwesi sifo lixhomekeke nakwijini onayo (PKD1 okanye PKD2). Ngokubanzi, abantu abane-PKD1 gene defect basengozini enkulu yokungaphumeleli kwezintso kunabo bane-PKD2 gene defect.
I-ADPKD ikwanomngcipheko wezinye iingxaki zempilo.
| Ingxaki enokwenzeka | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aneurysm (ukuba buthathaka nokudumba kodonga lomthambo wegazi engqondweni) | Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakhe okhe waba nale meko, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha. |
| Ii-cysts kwisibindi kunye ne-pancreas | Ukongeza kwizintso, ii-cysts nazo zinokwenzeka kwezi zitho. |
| Izifo zevalvu yentliziyo | Umngcipheko wokukhula kweemeko ezifana ne-mitral valve prolapse unokwanda. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa (i-Preeclampsia) | Lo mngcipheko uphezulu koomama abakhulelweyo abane-ADPKD. |
| I-Hernias kunye ne-Diverticulosis | Iimeko ezibangelwa kubuthathaka kweendonga zesisu kunye namathumbu amakhulu. |
Kubalulekile ukuhlala uqinile engqondweni xa unesifo esifana nesi. Thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bakho ngale nto. Kwakhona, hlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe ngokuchanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADPKD sisifo esidluliselwa kwilifa esibangela ukuba kubekho ii-cysts kwizintso.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luphawu oluqhelekileyo noluqalayo lwesi sifo.
- Ukuba omnye umzali unesi sifo, kukho amathuba angama-50% okuba umntwana abe naso.
- Nangona kungekho ndlela ipheleleyo yokunyanga oku, ubukhali besi sifo bunokulawulwa ngokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni.
- Kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe.
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