Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo wakha wanikwa amayeza ngugqirha ngenxa yokuxhuzula, ngaphambi kotyando, okanye ngenxa yokungalali? Isenokuba yi-barbiturate. Nangona la mayeza eluncedo kakhulu, akwangamayeza afuna ukulumka kakhulu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Zithini ii-barbiturates?
Ngamafutshane, la luhlobo lwamayeza akwenza uzive ukhululekile (athomalalisa ingqondo), okanye akwenze ulale (anxilise ingqondo). Angamisa aze athintele iimeko ezifana nokuxhuzula.
Indlela eli yeza elichaphazela ngayo ingqondo yethu iyamangalisa. Linyusa ubungakanani bekhemikhali engqondweni yethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-gamma-aminobutyric acid, okanye i-GABA ngamafutshane. Le GABA iyanciphisa ukusebenza kweeseli zengqondo. Yiyo loo nto siziva sizolile, sikhululekile, kwaye silele.
Ziziphi iimeko apho oogqirha bamisela eli yeza?
Ngaphambili, ezi zazisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-anesthesia ngexesha lotyando, ngenxa yokuba zikwazi ukulalisa isigulane ubuthongo obunzulu. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje, kuye kwenziwa amayeza amatsha angcono ngaloo njongo kwaye aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-barbiturates zisengunyango olubalulekileyo kwezinye iimeko zonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango, ezifana ne-paracetamol.
Iindlela eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kweebarbiturates zezi:
- Ukuthintela ukuxhuzula: Abanye abantu banikwa ezi zinto ukuze balawule ukuxhuzula okuqhubekayo.
- Kwingxaki Yokungalali: Inikwa njengonyango lwexesha elifutshane lokungalali.
- Ukuzola isigulane ngaphambi kokuba sifumane i-anesthesia: Oku kunceda ekunciphiseni uloyiko lwesigulane ngaphambi kokuba sityandwe kwaye kusenze silale ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwentloko (Intracranial Hypertension): Ezi zisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezinxulumene nobuchopho.
Zeziphi iibarbiturates ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebarbiturates kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zazo azisetyenziswa kwilizwe lethu. Nazi ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo:
| Igama leziyobisi | Isetyenziselwa ntoni ikakhulu? (Ukusetyenziswa Okuphambili) |
|---|---|
| I-Phenobarbital | Eli ligama abantu abaninzi kweli lizwe lethu abaye baliva. Lisetyenziswa ukuthintela ukuxhuzula kunye nokulawula xa kusenzeka. |
| I-Butalbital | Ayinikwa yodwa. Isetyenziswa kunye nezinto ezifana ne-aspirin, i-paracetamol, kunye ne-caffeine ukunyanga iintloko ezibuhlungu kunye nezinye iintloko ezibuhlungu. |
| I-Primidone | Eli lelinye iyeza elinikwa ukuthintela ukuxhuzula. |
| I-Methohexital | Isetyenziselwa i-anesthesia ngexesha lotyando olufutshane kakhulu okanye uvavanyo, umzekelo, kunyango lwe-electroconvulsive. |
Zithini iingenelo zale yeza?
Ngenxa yokuba la mayeza madala kakhulu, kukho amashumi eminyaka ophando ngawo. Kwakhona, angasetyenziswa njengokhetho lwesibini xa amayeza odidi lokuqala engasebenzi.
Enye yezona nzuzo zibalulekileyo kukuba ziyahluka ngexesha lokusebenza kwazo . Ezinye zisebenza ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, njengemizuzu embalwa. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwiindlela zotyando ezimfutshane. Ezinye zinokuhlala emzimbeni iiyure okanye iintsuku. Eso sesinye sezizathu zokuqhubeka uzinika ukuthintela ukuxhuzula.
| Udidi | Ubude bexesha lokusebenza |
|---|---|
| Ukusebenza okufutshane kakhulu | Imizuzu eli-15 okanye ngaphantsi. (Umzekelo: iMethohexital) |
| Isebenza ixesha elifutshane | Malunga neeyure ezi-3-4. (Umz: iPentobarbital) |
| Ukusebenza okuphakathi | Malunga neeyure ezi-4-6. (Umz: Butalbital) |
| Isebenza ixesha elide | Ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezili-12, kodwa inokuhlala emzimbeni iintsuku eziliqela. (Umzekelo: iPhenobarbital) |
Ziziphi iingozi kunye neengxaki ze-barbiturates?
Eyona nto ibangela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwee-barbiturates kunciphe ngoku kungenxa yemingcipheko yazo. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uqaphele oku.
- Ukunyamezela kunye nokuxhomekeka/ukuxhomekeka: Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba uyaqhelana neyeza. Emva koko idosi yangaphambili ayanelanga, kwaye kufuneka idosi ephezulu ukuze kufunyanwe isiphumo esifanayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Tolerance'. 'Ukuxhomekeka' kuthetha ukuba umzimba uxhomekeke kwiyeza. Ukuba iyeka ukusebenzisa iyeza, iimpawu zokurhoxa ezinzima zinokuvela. 'Ukuxhomekeka' kuthetha ukuba le meko ikhula ibe sisifo sengqondo kwaye umntu akanakuyeka ukusebenzisa iyeza, nokuba liyingozi ebomini bakhe.
- Iingxaki zentliziyo nokuphefumla: Ezi zinokubangela ukwehla kwesantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba uthatha kakhulu okanye uthatha idosi engalunganga, unokuyeka ukuphefumla. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi.
- Ukusebenzisana namanye amayeza: IiBarbiturates zichaphazela ukusebenza kwesibindi. Ke ngoko, amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo anokususwa emzimbeni wakho ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ewenza angasebenzi kakuhle.
- Iingozi kumama okhulelweyo nabancancisayo: Ufanele uphephe ukusebenzisa la mayeza ukuba ukhulelwe. Angadluliselwa kumntwana wakho ngobisi lwebele.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela, nangexesha oxelelwe ngalo. Ungaze utshintshe umthamo okanye uyeke ukuwuthatha ngokuthanda kwakho.
Ndingaya nini kwi-ETU?
Ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu ubonakalisa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ngelixa usela ii-barbiturates, oko kusenokuba luphawu lokusebenzisa i-overdose.Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
- Ukudideka okukhulu okanye ubunzima bokucinga
- Ukuquleka
- Isantya sentliziyo esicothayo kakhulu (bradycardia) okanye esikhawulezayo kodwa esibuthathaka
- Isiyezi/isiyezi esiqatha
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- I-Hypothermia
- Imilebe okanye iinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis)
- Ukungakwazi ukugxila emehlweni okanye abafundi abancinci okanye abakhulu ngokungaqhelekanga
Ukuxhomekeka kwiziyobisi kunye neempawu zokurhoxa
Xa usela eli yeza ixesha elide, umzimba wakho uyaliqhela (ukuxhomekeka kulo). Ukuba uyeka ukulisebenzisa ngequbuliso, unokufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukungazinzi kunye nokuphazamiseka
- Ukungcangcazela (ukungcangcazela kwamalungu omzimba, njengezandla)
- Ukudideka
- Ukuxhuzula okukhulu
Musa ukuyityeshela le mpawu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
Musa ukoyika ukuxelela ugqirha ngale nto.
Musa ukoyika okanye ube neentloni ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unezi mpawu. Kuqhelekile ukuba umzimba wakho uxhomekeke kula mayeza. Oogqirha bayayazi le nto. Ukuba ubaxelela, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngokukhuselekileyo ngokunciphisa umthamo kancinci kancinci de iimpawu zakho ziphele.
Ukubaluleka kokugcina eli yeza likhuselekile
Ngenxa yomngcipheko wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwala mayeza, kubalulekile ukuwagcina evalelwe kwikhabhathi, phezulu endlwini. Ingakumbi kude nabantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abancinci. Olu khuseleko lunokunceda ekuthinteleni ityhefu ngengozi okanye olunye uhlobo lokusetyenziswa gwenxa olunokuba nemiphumo eyingozi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IiBarbiturates ziluhlobo olunamandla lwamayeza anyanga izifo ezifana nokulala kunye nokuxhuzula, kodwa ziza neengozi ezinkulu.
- Soloko usela la mayeza kuphela ngokwedosi nanjengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho . Ungaze utshintshe okanye uyeke idosi ngokwakho.
- Ungaze uthathe ii-barbiturates kunye notywala okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezibangela ubuthongo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Kuyingozi kakhulu oku.
- Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zokusebenzisa i-overdose, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokuxhomekeka okanye zokurhoxa kwesi sidakamizwa, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda uyeke ukusithatha ngokukhuselekileyo.
- Soloko ugcina la mayeza kwindawo etshixiweyo nekhuselekileyo kude nabantwana .
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 🤒 Yintoni esinokuyenza ekhaya xa kukho ukukhwehlela komntwana? (Yintoni esinokuyenza ekhaya xa kukho ukukhwehlela komntwana?)
Xa umntwana ekhwehlela, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yosulelo lwentsholongwane. Okokuqala, nika umntwana wakho ulwelo oluninzi kwaye uphumle. Kodwa khumbula, musa ukunika isiraphu yokukhwehlela ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Oku kungenxa yokuba amanye amayeza amadala anokuba nezinto ezifana neebarbiturates ezinokubangela ukozela kwaye zichaphazele ukuphefumla. Ngoko ke, kweli nqaku, siza kufunda okungakumbi malunga neebarbiturates.
💬 🛑 Ingaba kuyingozi ukuba isiraphu yokukhwehlela yomntwana imenza alale kakhulu?
Ewe, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngaloo nto. Amanye amayeza okukhwehlela anokuba nezinto ezicinezela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi. Ngaphambili, ii-barbiturates zazisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ezinjalo ezibangela ubuthongo. Nangona ezi zingasasetyenziswa xa kukhohlela, kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe njengomama ukuba uqaphele olu hlobo lwamayeza.
💬 💊 Ingaba kulungile ukuthenga amayeza okukhwehlela komntwana wakho ngaphandle kwekhawuntara kwikhemesti?
Akunjalo konke konke. Kunokuba yingozi ukunika amayeza okukhwehlela ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, ingakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Iikhemikhali ezikweminye imithi zinokuba nemiphumo emibi emzimbeni, njengee-barbiturates. Ungayiqonda ngokucacileyo into yokuba ziintoni ii-barbiturates kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo umzimba ngokufunda eli nqaku.
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