Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuphefumla njenge-asthma? Ngamaxesha anjalo, ugqirha usenokuba ukuxelele ukuba usebenzise i-inhaler. Ii-beta-agonists luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwamayeza aqulethwe kwezo i-inhaler ezenza ukuphefumla kwethu kube lula. Nangona eli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ngokulula kakhulu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-beta-agonist?
Cinga ngeeseli emizimbeni yethu njengezine-'switches' okanye 'amaqhosha' amancinci. Kwizonyango, sizibiza ezi receptors. Olu hlobo lwamayeza, olubizwa ngokuba yi-beta-agonist, luvula ezi 'switches' ezibizwa ngokuba yi-beta-receptors emiphungeni yethu nakwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Xa olu tshintsho luvuliwe, izihlunu ezijikeleze iindlela zomoya emiphungeni ziyakhululeka. Oku kuvula iindlela zomoya ezinciphileyo kwaye kwenza kube lula ngathi ukuphefumla. Yiyo loo nto la mayeza ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-'bronchodilators'. Ukongeza, anceda ukonyusa izinga lentliziyo kwaye anyuse umsebenzi wentliziyo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-beta-agonists?
Ewe, la mayeza ahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu aphambili, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo zee-beta-receptors emzimbeni wethu.
- Ii-agonists zeBeta-1: Ezi zichaphazela kakhulu ii-receptors entliziyweni yethu. Olu hlobo lwamayeza lwenza intliziyo ibethe ngokukhawuleza kwaye luncede ekupompeni igazi ngamandla angakumbi. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bewasebenzisa kwezinye iimeko zentliziyo kunye neengxamiseko.
- Ii-agonists zeBeta-2: Olu lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu. La mayeza, ingakumbi lawo anikwa yi-inhaler, asebenza ngokubophelela ngokuthe ngqo kwii-receptors ezikwimiphunga , ephumza izihlunu ezikwimibhobho yomoya kwaye enze kube lula ukuphefumla. Abalulekile ekunyangeni iimeko ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
- Ii-agonists zeBeta-3: Ezi zididi olutsha lwamayeza. Amayeza akhoyo kweli klasi asebenza ngokukhulu ngokukhulula izihlunu kwisinyi , enciphisa isidingo sokuchama rhoqo. Oku kuthetha ukuba asetyenziselwa ukunyanga imeko ebizwa ngokuba sisinyi esisebenza kakhulu.
Kukwakho neentlobo ze-beta-2 agonists.
Ewe, olu hlobo lwe-beta-2 olunikwa ubunzima bokuphefumla nalo lwahlulwe lwaba ngamacandelo amabini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukwazi oku.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ama-Beta-Agonists aSebenzayo ngokuFutshane (SABA) | Ezi zibizwa ngokuba "zii-rescue inhalers." Zisetyenziswa xa uhlaselo lwe-asthma lusiba mandundu ngequbuliso okanye xa unengxaki yokuphefumla. Zisebenza kwimizuzu embalwa kwaye zinika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza. |
| IiBeta-Agonists eziSebenza ixesha elide (i-LABA) | Ezi azincedi ngokukhawuleza. Zisetyenziswa yonke imihla, ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo, ukulawula iimpawu nokuthintela ubunzima bokuphefumla. Iziphumo zazo zihlala iiyure ezininzi. Zihlala zinikwa kunye namayeza e-steroid (corticosteroid). |
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqonda oku kukucamngca ngendlela umzimba wethu osabela ngayo xa "ulwa okanye ubaleka". Khawuthelekelele ukuba uza kujongana nengozi ngequbuliso. Ngelo xesha, umzimba wakho ulungiselela ukulwa okanye ukubaleka.
Ngeli xesha, imiqondiso ivela engqondweni, yandisa iindlela zomoya ezikwimiphunga ukuze ifumane ioksijini engaphezulu, kwaye ikhawulezise isantya sentliziyo ukuze ithumele elo gazi lityebileyo kwimisipha ngokukhawuleza.
Yiloo nto kanye eyenziwa ngamayeza e-beta-agonist ngokwenziwa. Avula 'iiswitshi' ezifanelekileyo (ii-receptors) aze enze umzimba uphendule ngokungathi ujongene nongxamiseko. Yiyo loo nto izihlunu emiphungeni ziphumla, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumla.
Zeziphi iziyobisi ze-beta-agonist ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza e-beta-agonist anikwa ngoogqirha. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Imizekelo (amagama amayeza) |
|---|---|
| I-beta-2 esebenza ngokufutshane (SABA) | ISalbutamol / Albuterol, iLevalbuterol |
| I-beta-2 esebenza ixesha elide (LABA) | IFormoterol, iSalmeterol, iIndacaterol |
| I-agonist ye-Beta-1 | I-Dobutamine, i-Norepinephrine |
| I-agonist ye-Beta-3 | IMirabegron |
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kweli yeza?
Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, i-beta-agonists inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, xa isetyenziswa njenge-inhaler, iyeza liya ngqo emiphungeni, ngoko ke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala zingembi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufumana oku kulandelayo:
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia)
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia)
- Ukuxinana
- Ixhala
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
- Ukubila
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, okanye ukuba uziva into engaqhelekanga emva kokusebenzisa amayeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Usenokukwazi ukulungisa umthamo okanye akunike elinye iyeza.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Kukho iimeko ezininzi apho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga nezingathandekiyo .
- Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba amayeza akho awasebenzi kakuhle njengangaphambili (umzekelo, kufuneka usebenzise i-inhaler yakho ngaphezu kwangaphambili ukuze ufumane isiqabu).
- Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu kwaye awukwazi ukuzilawula .
Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuphonononga isicwangciso sakho sonyango aze akunike isisombululo esifanelekileyo nesisebenzayo.Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-beta-agonists luhlobo lwamayeza enza ukuphefumla kube lula, asetyenziswa kakhulu kwizifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: i-short-acting (SABA) enika uncedo olukhawulezileyo kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, kunye ne-long-acting (LABA) enika ulawulo lwesifo ixesha elide.
- Sebenzisa eli yeza rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, kwaye kuphela ngokwedosi emiselweyo .
- Qaphela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kunye nezandla eziqhaqhazelayo. Ukuba ufumana naluphi na uvakalelo olungathandekiyo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba unyango lwakho alusebenzi kakuhle okanye iimpawu zakho ziya ziba mandundu, musa ukuzinyanga kwaye ufune ingcebiso kugqirha.
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