Oko abazali bafanele bakwazi malunga nokuziphatha kwabantwana babo

Ngobo busuku bubandayo, ngelixa ndandisela iti eshushu egumbini lam, ucango lwekliniki yethu lwakhwaza ngequbuliso. Ndathi ndakuvula ucango, uShalini, omnye wabahlobo bam abasenyongweni, wayexhalabile kakhulu. Wayephethe unyana wakhe omncinci, uDinuka.

UDinuka wayebonakala ephefumla kancinci, isifuba sakhe sinyuka sisehla nzima kakhulu. Njengogqirha, ndandibone izigulana ezininzi ezinjalo ekliniki, kodwa ukubona umntwana womhlobo wam ekwimeko enzima kangaka kwandenza ndoyika kakhulu. Ndazithatha ngoko nangoko.

"Gqirha Priya, uDinuka uhlala ekhwehlela xa kukho umkhuhlane. Kodwa ngokuhlwanje izinto ziye zaba mandundu. Unengxaki yokuphefumla. Ndiyoyika, gqirha," utshilo uShalini ngelizwi elikhalayo.

Xa uDinuka wayehlolwa, kwafunyaniswa ukuba une -asthma yabantwana, imeko eqhelekileyo ebantwaneni. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-asthma yabantwana, iimpawu zayo, kunye nento abazali abafanele bayenze ngoko nangoko ukuba umntwana wabo uhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Yintoni isifo sesifuba?

Isifo sombefu sisifo sokuphefumla esihlala ixesha elide esibangelwa kukudumba kunye nokungaziva kakuhle kweendlela zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni yethu.

Xa ezi ndlela zomoya zivuvukala kwaye zixinene zize zizaliswe yi-mucus, umoya ongena uphuma emaphaphu uyavalwa. Yiloo nto yenzeka kuDinuka. "Shalini, kufana nokuphefumla ngetyhubhu eguquguqukayo. Ukuba umntu ucinezela ityhubhu ephakathi, awuyi kukwazi ukuphefumla, akunjalo? Umzimba kaDinuka nawo udlula kwinto efanayo," ndamcacisela ngokulula uShalini.

Ingaba kuqhelekile ukuba abantwana babe nesifo sesifuba?

Ewe. Isifo sesifuba sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni. Ngokomyinge, umntwana omnye kwabane okanye abahlanu uya kuba neempawu zesifo sesifuba ebuntwaneni.

Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ne-8 ubudala. Abanye abantwana bayayeka ukuba nesifo sesifuba njengoko bekhula, ngelixa abanye banokuqhubeka besiba naso de babe ngabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo nolawulo, umntwana unokukwazi ukudlala nokuphila ubomi obusebenzayo njengesiqhelo.

Iimpawu ze-Asthma zobuntwana

Nazi iimpawu eziphambili ezinokukunceda uchonge ukuba umntwana une-asthma na:

• Ukukhohlela Okungapheliyo: Ukukhohlela okomileyo okwenzeka ingakumbi ebusuku, kusasa, okanye xa umntwana ediniwe kukudlala.
• Ukuphefumla: Isandi esincinci esithi "whoosh" okanye "whoosh" esiphuma esifubeni, esifana neflute, xa umntwana ekhupha umoya.
• Ukuphefumla Okufutshane: Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuqina kwesifuba: Umntwana usenokuchaza isifuba njengesibuhlungu okanye esiqinileyo (abantwana abancinci banokuchaza oku njengentlungu yesisu).
• Ukudinwa: Ukungafuni ukuzilolonga okanye ukudlala nokudinwa ngokukhawuleza.

Izinto ezibangela uhlaselo lwe-asthma

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuba umntwana one-asthma angakwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle:

• Umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane: Usulelo lwentsholongwane lubangela ukudumba okukhulu kwendlela yomoya.
• Ii-Allergens: Iincukuthu zothuli lwendlu, i-dander yekati/yenja, i-pollen, kunye nomngundo.
• Utshintsho lwemozulu: Imozulu ebandayo, inkungu, okanye ukwehla ngequbuliso kobushushu obungqongileyo.
• Ungcoliseko lomoya: umsi wecuba, umgubo obomvu/uthuli, umsi we-mosquito coil, kunye neziqholo ezinamandla.

🚨 Iiflegi ezibomvu ezifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza

Ukuba umntwana uhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba kwaye ezi mpawu zilandelayo zibonakala, kufuneka atsalele umnxeba ku-1990 ngoko nangoko aze amse esibhedlele ngaphandle kokulibazisa:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Xa umntwana ephefumla, ulusu oluphakathi kweembambo kunye nesiseko sentamo lutsalela ngaphakathi (Chest Retractions).
• Ubunzima bokuthetha: Umntwana usenokungakwazi ukuthetha amagama aliqela ngexesha ngenxa yokuphefumla kancinci.
• Ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Indawo ejikeleze imilebe yomntwana, ulwimi, okanye iinzipho zakhe ijika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ingwevu (uphawu lokuba amanqanaba e-oxygen aphantsi).
• Ukozela: Umntwana uba buthathaka aze abe buthathaka, aze abe nobunzima bokuhlala ephaphile.
• Akukho ncedo nangona usebenzisa i-blue inhaler (Reliever).

Uncedo lokuqala xa kukho uhlaselo lwe-asthma (Isicwangciso sokuSebenza se-Asthma)

Ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphefumla, njengoko uDinuka kaShalini wenzayo kunyana wakhe, landela la manyathelo oncedo lokuqala ngoko nangoko:

1. Hlalisa umntwana eme nkqo: Musa ukuvumela umntwana alale. Ukuhlalisa umntwana eme nkqo kwenza kube lula ukuphefumla.
2. Zola: Ukuba uxhalabile, umntwana uza koyika ngakumbi kwaye iindlela zomoya ziya kuncipha ngakumbi. Mqinisekise umntwana ngoxolo.
3. Nika i-inhaler eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Reliever - Ventolin) ngesixhobo sokuhlukanisa:

• Shukumisa kakuhle i-inhaler uze uyincamathisele kwi-spacer.
• Beka imaski ngokuqinileyo ebusweni bomntwana uze uyiphefumle kube kanye .
• Vumela umntwana aphefumle kane ngendlela eqhelekileyo nge-spacer.
• Ngale ndlela, khupha iipumps ezi-4 (enye nganye yodwa) kwimizuzu emi-4 .

4. Linda imizuzu emi-4: Ukuba ukuphefumla komntwana akubuyeli kwisiqhelo, phinda uphefumle kane emva kwala manyathelo angasentla.
5. Yisa esibhedlele: Ukuba imeko ayiphucuki, fowunela ku-1990 ngoko nangoko uze uyise esibhedlele. Xa usesendleleni eya esibhedlele, nika i-inhaler i-pump kane rhoqo emva kwemizuzu emi-4.

Unyango lwezonyango kunye nolawulo lwexesha elide

Oogqirha bacebisa iintlobo ezimbini zee-inhaler ukulawula isifo se-asthma:

• Izifunxi-moya zokunciphisa umkhuhlane (ngesiqhelo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka): Zisetyenziswa kuphela xa kunzima ukuphefumla ngexesha lohlaselo lwe-asthma (umz. iVentolin/Salbutamol).
• Izinto zokuthintela (ngesiqhelo zimdaka, zibomvu okanye ziorenji): Ezi kufuneka zisetyenziswe imihla ngemihla ngokwedosi emiselweyo njengoko ugqirha eyalele ukulawula isifuba. Zinciphisa kancinci ukudumba kunye ne-mucus kwindlela yomoya.

Masenze ikhaya elilungele abantu abane-asthma (Ukhathalelo Lwasekhaya)

• Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba atshaye ngaphakathi endlwini okanye kwiindawo apho umntwana echitha ixesha khona.
• Lawula uthuli: Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamakhethini amakhulu kunye neekhaphethi ekhaya. Hlamba kwaye womise iibhedi zomntwana wakho kanye ngeveki emanzini ashushu malunga nama-60 degrees Celsius.
• Izilwanyana zasekhaya: Zithintele izinja neekati ukuba zingangeni kwigumbi lokulala lomntwana.

Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe nezo kufuneka zingayenzi

Imithombo yesayensi (Iingxelo)

• 📚 Isifo Sombefu - i-NHS
• 📚 Ukuchongwa nokulawulwa kwesifo sombefu ebantwaneni - PMC