Ukulunywa yiBlack Widow Spider: Masifikelele ezantsi koku!

Kukho zonke iintlobo zezigcawu emakhayeni ethu nakwiigadi zethu, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bayoyika xa bezibona. Kodwa uninzi lwezigcawu alusikhathazi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lwesigcawu oluyingozi ngakumbi kwaye lunobuthi obunamandla kakhulu. Loo nto yiBlack Widow Spider . Ayikwenzi uzive usoyika kancinci xa usiva eli gama? Makhe sibone ukuba ngoobani aba, kwenzeka ntoni xa beluma, kwaye singalumka njani .

Ngubani lo Black Widow Spider?

Ngamafutshane, isigcawu esimnyama esibizwa ngokuba yi-black widow sisigcawu esinemilenze esibhozo esinomzimba omnyama okhazimlayo. Zinokwahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-intshi enye ukuya kwi-intshi enye enesiqingatha. Iimazi zezona ziyingozi kakhulu. Zinophawu olubomvu olufana ne-hourglass kwicala lazo elingaphantsi, kufutshane nesisu sazo. Olu lolunye lweempawu eziphambili ezinokukunceda uzibone.

Iimazi zinkulu kwaye zinobuthi ngaphezu kweenkunzi. Zibizwa ngokuba "zii-black widows" kuba ibali lithi imazi itya inkunzi emva kokudibana, ngaloo ndlela iba "ngumhlolokazi." Nangona kunjalo, oko akusoloko kunjalo.

Bahlala phi kakhulu?

Izigcawu zeBlack Widow zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezinemozulu eshushu neyomileyo. Zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemazantsi nasentshona ye-United States. Nangona kunjalo, zinokufumaneka phantse kuwo onke amazwe ngaphandle kweAlaska neHawaii. Kwilizwe lethu, ezi zigcawu azixhaphakanga kangako. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu ohamba phesheya, okanye umntu ohamba phesheya, aqaphele ingozi enokuvela kwinyoka okanye isigcawu esinobuthi.

Bahlala kakhulu ngaphandle. Bakha ii-web zabo kufutshane neegaraji, ecaleni kweengcingo, kwiimfumba zeenkuni, nakwiindawo ezixhonywe kwizakhiwo. Bayakuthanda nokuzimela kwizinto ezifana nezixhobo zasegadini, izitulo zangaphandle, iitafile, kunye neengqayi zenkunkuma. Ngamanye amaxesha banokufumaneka ngaphakathi kwezindlu, kwiikona apho izinto ziqokelelene khona, kwizindlu ezingaphantsi komhlaba, kwiikhabhathi, kwii-attic, naphantsi kwezinki.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi black widow spider ukulunywa?

Izigcawu ezimnyama ziyinxalenye yosapho lwezigcawu zaseLatrodectus. Ngokutsho kweNational Poison Data System eMelika, malunga ne-2,600 yezilwanyana ezilunywa zizigcawu zaseLatrodectus zixelwa minyaka le.

Zithini iimpawu zokulunywa yi-black widow?

Izigcawu zeBlack Widow zinamazinyo amakhulu, kwaye amadlala azo avelisa ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu . Xa ziluma, obu buthi buhlasela iziphelo zemithambo-luvo kwimisipha yakho. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu ezinkulu zemisipha kunye nokuqaqamba emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Kodwa into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba yi-black widow eyimazi kuphela elumayo . Iinkunzi zincinci kakhulu, kwaye azinamandla okugqobhoza ulusu lomntu. Izigcawu ze-black widow zihlala ziluma kuphela xa sibanjwe yiwebhu yazo, okanye xa ziziva zisongelwa. Azizi nje ukuza kuhlasela.

Ukulunywa kwenzeka ngoko nangoko, kubuhlungu kakhulu njengokuhlatywa ngenaliti. Emva kwexesha elithile, indawo okulunywe kuyo isenokuvakala ngathi ayisebenzi. Ityhefu yeblack widow iphazamisa iinkqubo zeekhemikhali kwimiphetho yemithambo-luvo yakho. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu eziqatha, ukuqina, kunye nokuxinana kwemisipha emzimbeni wakho wonke, ngakumbi esiswini, emagxeni, esifubeni, nasemqolo.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba uchukumisa nje isiqwenga somthi, kukho ithuba lokuba isigcawu sinokuba lapho size sikulume ukuba sivakalelwa kukuba sisongelwa.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonwa ziquka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
• Ukudumba kwamehlo okanye iinkophe ezigobileyo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukutyiwa kakhulu ngamathe
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo (i-diaphoresis)
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda

Ubona njani apho umhlolokazi omnyama elume khona?

Uza kubona amabala amabini amancinci abomvu apho isigcawu sikulume khona. Indawo yokuluma isenokuba bomvu kancinci kwaye idumbe. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba namaqhubu kwaye ibangele ukurhawuzelela okuncinci. Ulusu lunokuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ngwevu (`(cyanosis)`) kwindawo yokuluma.

Kutheni le nto ezi zigcawu zimnyama ziluma?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, izigcawu ezingamadoda ezimnyama azifane zilume. Zincinci kakhulu ukuba zingasigqobhoza ulusu. Nangona kunjalo, izigcawu eziziimazi ezimnyama, ingakumbi emva kokuba zibeke amaqanda azo, zinokuluma zikhusela. Uninzi lwexesha, izigcawu ziluma ngengozi. Ukuba uchukumisa isigcawu ngengozi, sizama nje ukuzikhusela. Azihlaseli ngabom .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokulunywa?

Ngamanye amaxesha iintsholongwane zinokungena kwindawo yokulunywa sisigcawu zize zibangele usulelo lolusu (cellulitis) . Oku kunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na inxeba.

Kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantu banokuva iintlungu zexesha elide okanye iintlungu zemisipha emva kokulunywa sisigcawu esimnyama. Kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto njengokuluma kwe-black widow?

Inyaniso kukuba, awunakukwazi ukubona ngokujonga nje uphawu lokuluma olukulume ngalo esi sigcawu. Akukho vavanyo lukhethekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba sesiphi isigcawu esikulumileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unako, kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukubamba isigcawu esikulumileyo uze usibonise ugqirha ngononophelo. Kodwa kudla ngokuba nzima ukwenza njalo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bedla ngokuxilonga ukulunywa sisigcawu ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho.

Ndingenza ntoni xa ndilunywa yi-black widow?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba ulunywe sisigcawu esimnyama, musa ukoyika ngoko nangoko uze wenze ezi zinto :

1. Hlamba indawo ekulunywe kuyo ngesepha namanzi kakuhle. Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane.

2. Faka ipakethe yomkhenkce ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba, kunye nokunciphisa ukusasazeka kwetyhefu.Kodwa khumbula, ungafaki umkhenkce ngqo eluswini. Wusongele ngelaphu elincinci. Kungenjalo, unokonakalisa ulusu.

3. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, gcina indawo eyonzakeleyo iphakanyisiwe.

4. Ungaze uzame ukufunxa ityhefu. Iyingozi kakhulu. Umntu owenza njalo angayifunxa netyhefu.

5. Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko. Ukuba useSri Lanka, yiya kwisibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba ungaphandle, fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yelo lizwe.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Unyango lokulunywa sisigcawu esimnyama lungabandakanya:

• Iziphumzi zemisipha kunye nezithomalalisi : Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokuqaqamba.
• I-Analgesics : Yehlisa iintlungu.
• I-Antivenom : Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Le arhente yokuthintela intsholongwane inceda ukulawula iimeko ezinzima ezifana nokuxinana kwemisipha okubangelwa yityhefu emzimbeni wonke.

Ukulunywa yiBlack Widow yimeko enzima enokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele nonyango, ingakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 kunye nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, kunye nabo banengxaki yokuphefumla, isifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iintlungu eziqatha zemisipha, kunye nokuxhuzula.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Abanye abantu, kunqabile kakhulu, banokuba ne-allergy kwi-antivenom enikwa izigcawu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokukhokelela kwimeko embi ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu aphile? (Imbono/Ingqikelelo)

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukulunywa yi-black widow kuya kuphola ngokukhawuleza ukuba kunyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kunokufikelelwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, abanye abantu banokuba neentlungu ezinde okanye iintlungu zemisipha.

Ungaziphepha njani ezi zigcawu ezimnyama?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha ukulunywa sisigcawu esimnyama kukunciphisa iindawo esinokuzifihla kuzo. Gcina isiseko sakho, i-attic, kunye negaraji zingenazinto zininzi kwaye zicwangcisiwe.

Ezinye izinto onokuzenza zezi:

• Nxiba iiglavu xa ususa izinto ebezigcinwe ixesha elide. Kwakhona, nxiba iiglavu xa usebenza egadini, uthutha iinkuni, kunye namatye aqengqelekayo.
• Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye nempahla enemikhono emide xa usiya kwiindawo ezifana namahlathi.
• Shukumisa izinto ezifana nezihlangu, iiglavu, kunye neminqwazi kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba uzisebenzise.
• Faka isixovuli sezinambuzane.
• Futha izihlangu kunye neempahla ngesibulali-zinambuzane.
• Ukuba ugcina iinkuni, zibeke eqongeni okanye kwirakhi ngaphezulu kancinci komhlaba, ubuncinane kwiimitha ezingama-20 ukusuka endlwini.

Ndifanele ndibuyele nini esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza?

Emva kokufumana unyango lokulunywa yi-black widow, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu kwakhona:

• Urhawuzelelo
• Intlungu yamalungu okanye yemisipha
• Igazi kumchamo (i-hematuria)
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Ukuba ukhe walunywa sisigcawu esimnyama, ungabuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Ngaba ikho indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba oku bekukulunywa yi-black widow?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokunyanga ukulunywa yi-black widow?
• Ngaba ndisengozini yeengxaki?
• Zeziphi iimpawu zosulelo ekufuneka ndizijonge?
• Ndingakuphepha njani ukulunywa ngolu hlobo kwixesha elizayo?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Nangona izigcawu ze-black widow zinodumo olubi, njengezinye izigcawu, azifuni kukuluma. Ziluma kuphela xa zifuna ukuzikhusela. Ngoko ke, ukuze ungaphazanyiswa zizigcawu ze-black widow, gcina igaraji yakho, i-basement, kunye ne-attic icocekile kwaye ingenazinto zininzi. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba unxibe iiglavu xa usebenza kwiindawo ocinga ukuba izigcawu zinokubakho kuzo. Ukuba ulunywe sisigcawu se-black widow nangayiphi na indlela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaphazami kwaye ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Isigcawu esimnyama , ubuthi besigcawu, ukulunywa sisigcawu, uncedo lokuqala, iimpawu zobuthi, usulelo lolusu, i-antivenom