Ngamafutshane iBlastocyst: Inyathelo lokuqala lokukhulelwa okunempilo (iBlastocyst)

Ukuba ungumntu onethemba lokuba nabantwana, ingakumbi ukuba uphantsi konyango lokungazali, kufuneka ukuba uve igama elithi 'Blastocyst' kugqirha wakho. Eli gama lidla ngokuvakala, ingakumbi xa kuthethwa ngonyango olufana ne-IVF. Xa usiva oku, kunokubonakala ngathi yisayensi kwaye kuyinkimbinkimbi kuwe. Kodwa ungoyiki. Ngamafutshane, esi sisiqalo esincinci, kodwa sibaluleke kakhulu sethemba lakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokulula nangokunobuhlobo malunga nokuba yintoni le Blastocyst, yintoni eyenzayo, kunye nokuba ibaluleke kangakanani ekukhulelweni.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iBlastocyst?

Khawuthelekelele, emva kokuba iqanda lomfazi ophilileyo livundiswe sisidoda sendoda ephilileyo, iseli yokuqala eyakhayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-zygote. Elo seli liqala ukwahlukana ngokukhawuleza. Elinye liba zimbini, ezimbini ziba zine, njalo njalo, zenze isakhiwo esincinci esifana nebhola esibizwa ngokuba yi-blastocyst .

Ngamafutshane, i-blastocyst linqanaba lokuqala le-embryo . Lenzeka emva kweentsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokuba isidoda sivundise iqanda. Eli linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokukhulelwa. Kulapho ezi seli zidibana khona kwaye zinamathele eludongeni lwesibeleko. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-implantation.

Eli nqanaba leBlastocyst libaluleke kakhulu kwi -IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) kuba oogqirha banokukhetha iBlastocyst esempilweni nephuhlileyo baze bayifake esibelekweni sikamama. Oku kwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.

Yenzeka njani inkqubo yokukhulelwa komntwana?

Ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo ukubaluleka kwe-blastocyst, kuyanceda ukuba nombono omncinci wenkqubo yonke yokukhulelwa komntwana. Makhe sijonge indlela olu hambo lumangalisayo oluqhubeka ngayo inyathelo ngenyathelo.

1. Ukuvuthwa kweqanda: Ngokwesiqhelo emva kweentsuku ezili-14 emva kokuqala kwenyanga komfazi, iqanda elivuthiweyo (iqanda) likhutshwa kwenye yamaqanda akhe. Eli qanda lihamba liyehla kwityhubhu ye-fallopian lize lilinde ukuchumiswa yindoda.

2. Ukuchumisa: Ukuba kwenzeka isondo ngeli xesha, isidoda sinokudibana neqanda kwi-fallopian tube size sidibane nalo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukuchumisa.

3. Ukwakheka kweZygote: Iqanda elivundisiweyo silibiza ngokuba yi-'zygote'. Le yiseli yokuqala enye edibanisa iijini zomama notata.

4. Uhambo oluya kwiSigaba seBlastocyst:Le zygote ihamba ngesantya se-fallopian tube iye kwisibeleko kangangeentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. Ayihlali nje apho, iyaqhubeka nokwahlukana. Iiseli ezimbini, ezine, ezisibhozo... yahlukana ngokukhawuleza ize ibe yibhola encinci enamakhulu eeseli kunye nomngxuma ngaphakathi. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiBlastocyst .

5. Ukufakelwa: Emva kokufikelela kwisibeleko, i-blastocyst ihlala apho iintsuku ezimbalwa ize izincamathele eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwesibeleko (i-endometrium). Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'implantation'.

6. I-Embryo kunye ne-Fetus: Emva kokufakelwa kwisibeleko, ezi seli ziyaqhubeka nokwahlukana kwaye zikhula zibe yi-embryo. Emva kweeveki ezimalunga ne-9, le mbungu ikhula ngakumbi kwaye ibe yi-fetus, eyiyo yonke imo yomntwana njengoko sisazi.

Yintoni umsebenzi we-blastocyst? Kutheni oku kubaluleke kangaka?

Isigaba se-blastocyst sisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu nesingenakuphepheka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana ongekazalwa kunye nomntwana ongekazalwa. Isizathu esilula kukuba ukuba i-blastocyst ayifakwanga kakuhle eludongeni lwesibeleko, ukukhulelwa akuyi kwenzeka.

Olu kufakelwa lwenzeka ngenkqubo emangalisayo. Phantsi kwempembelelo yeehomoni emizimbeni yethu, i-blastocyst idlula kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"hotching." Kanye njengokuba intshontsho liphuma eqandeni, i-blastocyst iphuma kwi-membrane yayo ebhityileyo yangaphandle (zona pellucida). Oku kwenzeka kungekapheli usuku okanye ezintathu emva kokungena kwayo esibelekweni.

Emva koko kwenzeka umsebenzi wokwenyani. Kukho iileya ezimbini zeeseli kwi-blastocyst.

• I-Trophoblast: Ezi seli zezokuqala ukunamathela eludongeni lwesibeleko. Zenza oku ngokuvelisa iproteni enamathelayo (i-L-selectin), efana neglu. Ezi seli kamva zenza i-placenta . I-placenta sisitho esibaluleke kakhulu esibonelela ngeoksijini kunye nezondlo kumntwana kwaye sisusa inkunkuma kumntwana.
• Ubunzima beeseli zangaphakathi: Olu bunzima beeseli buya kukhula kamva bube yimveku .

Ezinye iiseli kwi-placenta ziyadibana ukuze zenze i-amniotic sac, ingxowa yokukhusela yolwelo olujikeleze umntwana.

Zithini iimpawu zokufakelwa kwe-blastocyst?

Uninzi lwabantu alubonakali zimpawu okwangoku. Kodwa abanye abantu, malunga nesinye kwisithathu, banokufumana ezinye iimpawu. Ezi zisenokuba luphawu lokuqala lokuba ukhulelwe. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana ezi mpawu, kwaye ukuba nezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba ukhulelwe. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Ngaba iBlastocyst ingabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu?

Le yingongoma ebucayi ekufuneka ithethwe ngayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyazi. Ewe, i-blastocyst inokuphunza okanye ingaphumeleli ukufakelwa i-implant ngempumelelo. Enyanisweni, malunga ne-75% yezisu eziphunyeziweyo kwangoko zibangelwa kukuba i-blastocyst ayifakwanga ngempumelelo.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka?

Isizathu esiphambili soku kukungaqheleki kwe-chromosome.Xa iiseli ezikwi-blastocyst zahlukana, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho iingxaki ngee-chromosomes. Umzekelo, kunokubakho i-chromosome eyongezelelweyo, i-chromosome engekhoyo, okanye inxalenye ye-chromosome inokuqhekeka.

Xa ukufakelwa kwesibeleko kungaphumeleli ngale ndlela, ukukhulelwa kunokuqala kodwa kuphele kwangethuba (malunga neeveki ezi-5). Oku sikubiza ngokuba "kukukhulelwa kwamakhemikhali." Ngaphandle kokuba ixesha lakho lifikile emva kwexesha okanye ukhe wenza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa, usenokungazi nokuba oku kwenzekile.

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba i-blastocyst ene-chromosome engaqhelekanga ikwazi ukufakelwa kwaye ukukhulelwa kuqhubeke. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kukho umngcipheko wokuba umntwana abe neemeko ezifana ne-Down syndrome, i-Klinefelter syndrome, okanye i-Turner syndrome.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokubona ezi ngxaki ze-chromosome kwangaphambili ngexesha le-IVF?

Ewe, ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezonyango zanamhlanje, kukho isisombululo sale nto. Ngexesha lonyango lwe-IVF, ngaphambi kokuba i-blastocyst ifakwe kwisibeleko, iiseli ezimbalwa zingathathwa kuyo zize zivavanyelwe iingxaki ze-chromosome.

Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi -Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) .

Ngolu vavanyo, oogqirha banokukhetha i-blastocyst esempilweni ngokwe-chromosome ukuze ifakwe kwisibeleko.

• Amathuba okukhulelwa ngempumelelo ayanda.
• Umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu kwangethuba uyancitshiswa.
• Kunganciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomntwana oneengxaki ze-chromosome.

Kumntu okhulelwe ngokwendalo, olu hlobo lovavanyo lunokwenziwa kuphela emva kweeveki ezili-9 okanye ezili-10 zokukhulelwa.

Ngaba umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome ungancitshiswa?

Ngelishwa, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zingaphaya kwamandla ethu.

• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 ubudala.
• Ukuba nembali yosapho eneengxaki ze-chromosome.
• Ukuba ukhe waphunyelwa sisisu ngaphambili okanye ukuba nomntwana onengxaki ye-chromosome.

Ukuba unale mingcipheko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kunye nomcebisi wezemfuza xa uceba ukuba nomntwana.

Nangona kunjalo, zikho izinto esinokuzilawula. Ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ngaphambi nasemva kokukhulelwa, sinokunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala komntwana ongekazalwa.

• Kuphephe ukuvezwa kwizinto ezinobuthi.
• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa iziyobisi notywala.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo.
• Thatha iivithamini ezifunekayo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisile.

I-blastocyst sisiqalo esibalulekileyo sokukhulelwa okunempilo. Ukuba ayikhuli kakuhle kwaye ayifakwanga kwisibeleko, ukukhulelwa akuyi kwenzeka. Ukuba ufumana naluphi na ulusu okanye iintlungu ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, musa ukoyika okanye ungayinaki, kodwa bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Angakuhlola aze aqinisekise ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle.