Ngaba uhlala ukhala emehlweni akho? Masifunde nge-Bloked Tear Duct / Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction!

Ngaba amehlo omntwana wakho ahlala emanzi? Okanye ngaba uneliso elihlala limanzi, elimanzi? Ngamanye amaxesha usenokufuna nokuhlikihla amehlo akho. Oku kuyacaphukisa. Isizathu soku kusenokuba luhlobo oluthile lokuvaleka kwenkqubo yakho yemibhobho yokukrazula iinyembezi, oko kukuthi, indlela ehamba ngayo iinyembezi. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'(Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction)'. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ngokulula.

Yintoni imibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo?

Ngamafutshane, umbhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo kuxa kukho into evala imibhobho yeenyembezi, ithintela ukuphuma kakuhle emehlweni ethu. Oku kungavali kunganciphisa ukuhamba kweenyembezi okanye kuzimise ngokupheleleyo. Oku kubangela ukuba iinyembezi zihlangane ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yombhobho weenyembezi zize zibuyele esweni.

Ubusazi na ukuba iinyembezi zibalulekile ukuze amehlo ethu asebenze kakuhle? Iinyembezi zigcina umphezulu weliso umanzi kwaye zinceda i-cornea ifunxe ioksijini. Enye into kukuba iinyembezi zikwanazo nezinto ezikhusela amehlo kwiintsholongwane, okanye ziwancede aphile ngokukhawuleza ukuba asulelekile.

Cinga ngayo njengomjelo okhupha amanzi eluphahleni lwendlu. Imijelo iqokelela amanzi ize iwathumele ezantsi kumbhobho. Kodwa, ukuba lo mbhobho uvalekile ndaweni ithile, amanzi ayaqokelelana aze aqale ukubila ephuma kwimijelo, akunjalo? Kunjalo ke ngale nto.

Inkqubo yethu yokukrazula yingqokelela yemingxunya emincinci kunye nezakhiwo ezifana neetyhubhu. Iinyembezi ziphuma emehlweni ngale ndlela:

1. I-Puncta: Iliso ngalinye linemingxuma emibini emincinci kwiinkophe eziphezulu nezisezantsi. Elinye lala manxeba libizwa ngokuba yi-punctum. Lifana nomngxuma wokukhupha amanzi kwisinki okanye ebhafini. Iinyembezi ziphuma kule mingxuma ziye kwiityhubhu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-canaliculi.

2. I-Canaliculi: Iinyembezi ziphuma kwi-punctum nganye ziye kwi-tube encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-canaliculus (ubuninzi: i-canaliculi). Ezi tyhubhu zimbini ziyadibana zenze i-tube enkulu, edibanisa ne-nasolacrimal duct.

3. Imibhobho yempumlo: Ezi ziindawo zokugqibela ezifana netyhubhu apho iinyembezi zihamba khona. Umbhobho ngamnye wempumlo kufuneka ube nevalvu encinci ekupheleni esezantsi.

4. Ivalvu yeHasner: Le valve ngumngxuma omncinci ovumela iinyembezi ukuba zingene empumlweni. Idla ngokuzivulekela yodwa ngaphambi kokuba sizalwe. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iintsana, isenokungavuleki okwangoku. Ukuba ayivuleki, ibizwa ngokuba yiMembrane yeHasner.

Ziqheleke kangakanani ii-clocked tear ducts?

Imibhobho yokukrala iinyembezi evalekileyo ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci kakhulu . Ichaphazela phakathi kwe-6% kunye ne-20% yeentsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ayixhaphakanga kangako kubantu abadala.

Zithini iimpawu zemibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-tear duct evalekileyo, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• I-Epiphora: Imvakalelo yeenyembezi eziphuma emehlweni rhoqo .
• Izinto ezifana neenyembezi ezinamathele kwiinkophe okanye kwiinkophe, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuvula amehlo akho kusasa .
• Umnqweno ongapheliyo wokuhlikihla iliso okanye indawo ejikeleze umbhobho ovalekileyo.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo nokudumba ngenxa yokukhuhla rhoqo.
• Ukuziva ngathi umbono wakho awucacanga kangako .

Oku kuthinteleka kunokwenza kube lula ukuba imibhobho yokukrazula isuleleke. Ukuba kukho usulelo olunjalo, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukudumba okanye ukuba bomvu kombhobho wokukrazula okanye izicwili ezingqongileyo.
• Ukuba nomkhuhlane .
• Ukukhala rhoqo nokungazoli (ingakumbi kwiintsana).
• Intlungu yamehlo okanye ukuziva ucinezelekile kwindawo ye-sinus .
• Ububomvu okanye ukudumba kwebhola yeliso, kuquka nomhlophe weliso (i-sclera).

Kutheni le nto le mibhobho yokukrazula ivalekile?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela ukuba imibhobho yeenyembezi ivaleke. Ezinye zizalwa nazo , oko kuthetha ukuba zikhona xa zizalwa. Ezinye zikhula kamva ebomini.

Ukuvaleka kombhobho weenyembezi ozalwa nawo

Amaxesha amaninzi, umntwana omncinci uzalwa ene-tear duct evalekileyo kuba i-"Valve of Hasner" ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ithathelwa indawo yi-"Membrane of Hasner" engaphukanga. Emva koko, ulwelo lwe-tear luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwi-tear duct. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi nyembezi ziqokeleleneyo zinokubangela ukuba i-duct idumbe. Inokubangela nosulelo kwi-tear duct okanye kwezinye iindawo zenkqubo ye-tear.

Ezinye izizathu zokuvaleka kwemibhobho yeenyembezi

Zininzi ezinye iimeko zonyango ezinokubangela ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yeenyembezi, kwaye ezinye iimeko zoku zinokwenzeka. Ezi zihlala zenzeka kwiindawo eziphezulu zenkqubo yemibhobho yeenyembezi. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ezihlala ixesha elide emehlweni akho okanye ezijikeleze amehlo zinokubangela ukuba kubekho izicubu ezibomvu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezo zicubu zinokunciphisa kwaye zivale imithambo yegazi.
• Ukulimala: Ukulimala ebusweni, emehlweni, okanye empumlweni kunokubangela ukudumba kunye notshintsho kwizicubu ezijikeleze imibhobho yokukrazula. Nakuphi na ukudumba, utshintsho kwizicubu, okanye ukuvaleka okuchaphazela nayiphi na inxalenye yale nkqubo kunokukhokelela ekuvalekeni.
• I-Dacryostenosis: Ngamanye amaxesha imibhobho yakho yokukrazula inokuba mxinwa xa uzalwa, okanye inokuba mxinwa kamva ebomini. Zombini ezi zinto zinokubangela ukuvaleka.
• Ukwaluphala: Njengoko ukhula, imibhobho yokukrazula kunye neendawo ezikujikelezileyo zinokutshintsha kwaye zibe ncinci.
• Iithumba okanye ukukhula: Ezi ziquka iithumba ezingengobungozi kunye neethumba ezinomhlaza (nangona ezi zinqabile kakhulu). Uhlobo lwethumba olubizwa ngokuba yi-mucocele lunokuvala imibhobho yokukrazula. Ezi ziingxowa ezincinci, ezizaliswe yi-mucus ezikhula kwi-ethmoid sinuses, imingxunya ye-sinus kumacala omabini empumlo.
• IiDacryoliths: Ezi zinokwenzeka xa ulwelo lweenyembezi luqokelelana kwaye luqina. Ukuba zikhulu, zinokuvala umbhobho weenyembezi.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wemibhobho yokukrazula iinyembezi evalekileyo?

Iintsana zinamathuba amaninzi okuba nomjelo wokukrazula ovalekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukrazula kwenzeka kuba umjelo okwicala elisezantsi lomjelo wokukrazula awuvuli kwaye wenze ivalvu ebizwa ngokuba yiValve of Hasner.

Abantu abadala banamathuba amaninzi okuba nomjelo wokukrazula iinyembezi ovalekileyo ukuba banembali yezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iimeko zamehlo ezihlala ixesha elide ezibangela ukudumba, umzekelo `(Uveitis)` .
• I-Glaucoma .
• Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lwamehlo okanye lwe-sinus .
• Ukuba ukhe wafumana unyango lomhlaza ngaphambili , umzekelo, unyango lwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy.

Zithini iingxaki zemibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo?

Umbhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo yindawo entle yokukhula kweebhaktheriya. Ke ngoko, usulelo okanye amathumba zezona ngxaki ziphambili . Ezi sulelo zinokuchaphazela ama-sinus akho, amehlo, kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga usulelo ukuze uthintele ukusasazeka kwalo.

Uyixilonga njani i-crinkle duct evalekileyo?

Ugqirha wamehlo okanye omnye umnikezeli weenkonzo zempilo unokuxilonga esi sifo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho nangokuhlola nokuchukumisa amehlo kunye nombhobho wokukrazula. Baza kukubuza nangeempawu zakho. Ukuba bacinga ukuba umntwana wakho unembhobho yokukrazula evaliweyo, banokuyihlola baze benze uvavanyo oluthile ukuze babone ukuba akukho nto ivaliweyo na.

Uvavanyo olulula "luvavanyo lokunyamalala kwedayi." Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha ufaka ithontsi ledayi ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-fluorescein esweni lakho. I-Fluorescein ikhazimla okwesibhakabhaka. Ngoko ugqirha unokufaka ithontsi lale dayi kwisisombululo se-saline aze afake eso sisombululo se-saline esweni lakho. Emva kwemizuzu emihlanu, banokubamba isibane esimnyama ukuze babone ukuba idayi isekhona na. Ukuba ikhona, oko kubonisa ukuba uvalekile ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci kwimibhobho yokukrazula.

Kunokwenziwa nezinye iimvavanyo, ingakumbi ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba imibhobho yakho yokukrala iinyembezi evalekileyo inokubangwa yenye imeko okanye ingxaki. Uvavanyo abalucebisayo luya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho, iimeko, kunye noko bakukrokrelayo.

Ekubeni zininzi izinto ezichaphazela oku, kungcono ukuthetha nabo malunga neendlela zakho zovavanyo. Banokukunika ulwazi olufanelekileyo nolubalulekileyo kwimeko yakho ethile.

Uyinyanga njani i-crisp duct evalekileyo? Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga oku?

Imibhobho yokukrala iinyembezi evalekileyo yimeko enokunyangwa kakhulu.Nangona kunjalo, iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala besigulana kunye nezinye izinto. Le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokuphucula ngaphandle konyango, ingakumbi kwiintsana. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuzama ukuyinyanga ukuthintela iingxaki ezifana nosulelo.

Ezinye iindlela zonyango, ezinje ngee-antibiotics, zinokunikwa abantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Ezi zihlala zinikwa ukuba kukho usulelo oluhambelana nombhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo. Zinokuza ngohlobo lwezithambiso okanye amaconsi amehlo. Amanye amayeza anokunceda. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo angakuxelela okungakumbi ngezi ndlela.

Unyango oluphambili lwemibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci yindlela ekhethekileyo yokumasaja enokwenziwa ekhaya . Ukuba umntwana wakho okanye umntwana omkhathalelayo unale meko, ugqirha wezingane uza kukubonisa indlela yokuyenza. Le ndlela yokumasaja idla ngokwanela ukubangela ukuba inwebu iqhume ibe yivalvu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba inokwenza okungakanani na ukumasaja okuncinci!

Ukuba ukuvaleka komntwana akuphucuki xa ephululwa kusuku lwakhe lokuqala lokuzalwa, usenokufuna unyango olwahlukileyo. Kwakhona, ukuphululwa akuncedi kangako kubantu abadala , ngoko ke kufuneka ezinye iindlela zonyango.

Ezinye zezi ndlela zonyango zinokufuna ukuthomalalisa okanye ukuthomalalisa. Ingcali yamehlo okanye umboneleli wezempilo (okanye womntwana wakho) unokuchaza isizathu sokuba bacebise ukuthomalalisa.

Ukwandisa, ukuxilonga kunye nokunkcenkceshela

Le ndlela inamanyathelo amathathu yindlela elula yokunyanga umbhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo. Inokunceda iintsana ezingasabeliyo xa zihlikihlwa, kwaye idla ngokuba lolona nyango lokuqala kubantwana abadala nakubantu abadala.

Amanyathelo ale ndlela ngala alandelayo:

1. Ukwandisa: Kweli nyathelo lokuqala, ugqirha wamehlo uyandisa (uyandisa) i-puncta echaphazelekayo kunye nezinye izakhiwo zenkqubo yokukrazula. Oku kwenza indawo yoko kwenzekayo kwinyathelo elilandelayo.

2. Ukuphanda: Kweli nyathelo, ugqirha wamehlo usebenzisa isixhobo/izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukuhlola (ukuphanda) inxalenye evalekileyo yombhobho wokukrazula. Oku kuya kumnceda afumane unobangela wokuvaleka kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, awususe.

3. Ukunkcenkceshela: Eli nyathelo lokugqibela libandakanya ukuhlamba umbhobho wokukrazula ngesisombululo setyuwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucocekile kwaye ukhupha amanzi kakuhle.

Ukwandiswa kwebhaluni

Xa ukuhluzwa okulula, ukuhlolwa, kunye nokunkcenkceshela kunganele, kunokufuneka inkqubo yokwandiswa ephucukileyo. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha wamehlo womntwana wakho uza kusebenzisa isixhobo esinebhaluni encinci eqhotyoshelweyo. Baza kuyifutha kancinci nangokucothayo ibhaluni kwindawo enciphileyo. Olu xinzelelo lwangaphakathi lunokwandisa umbhobho kwaye lusombulule ingxaki.

Ukufakwa kwe-stenting okanye i-intubation

Kwezinye iimeko, ukuvuleka kwebhaluni kukodwa kusenokungakwazi ukwandisa umjelo wokukrazula onciphileyo ngokusisigxina. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukufaka ityhubhu okanye i-stent kunokuba lolona khetho lulungileyo. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngesakhelo esomeleleyo nesingenanto esinokugcina umjelo uvulekile kwaye sivumele ukukrazula kuphume.

Iinkqubo zotyando

Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lolona khetho lulungileyo, nokuba kukulungisa umbhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo okanye ukuwudlula uze wenze enye indlela yokukhupha ulwelo lwenyembezi. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando:

• I-Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR): Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wotyando wenza indlela yokudlula ukuze ulwelo lokukrazula ludlule. Le ndlela intsha iyayigqitha ngokupheleleyo into ekhoyo yokuvaleka.
• I-Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR): Olu tyando luyakha kwakhona yonke inkqubo yakho yokukhupha iinyembezi.

Iingenelo, iingxaki, kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho zezi tyando zahlukile kakhulu. Uhlobo lokuvaleka onalo, indawo ekuyo, kunye nezinye izinto zinokuchaphazela oku. Ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo ngowona mthombo ulungileyo wolwazi malunga noko unokukulindela.

Ngaba imibhobho yokukrazula iinyembezi evalekileyo ingathintelwa?

Imibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo yenzeka ngezizathu ezingalindelekanga, ezingaphaya kwamandla akho, okanye ezingabonakaliyo kuwe. Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho ndlela yokuzithintela .

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunciphisa amathuba okuba ingxaki ibangele ukuvaleka. Ezi zinto zakhelwe ikakhulu ekuthinteleni usulelo. La manyathelo okhuseleko aquka:

• Kuphephe ukuhlikihla amehlo akho rhoqo okanye ukuwachukumisa ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Musa ukwabelana ngeemveliso zamehlo, ezinje ngamaconsi okanye izinto zokuthambisa, nabanye.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho wamehlo xa ucoca iilensi zokunxibelelana.
• Tshintsha izinto zokuthambisa ezifana ne-mascara, i-eyeliner, kunye ne-eyeshadow rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle rhoqo.

Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba mna (okanye umntwana wam) sine-tear duct evalekileyo?

Ngokwesiqhelo iziphumo ezilungileyo kwimibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyoZikho, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Imibhobho yokukrazula evalekileyo ngokwayo ayiyongozi. Kodwa ezinye izizathu zinokuba yingozi. Kwakhona, ukukrazula kunokubangela usulelo oluyingozi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuchonga ukukrazula nokufumana unyango.

Ukuvaleka kwabantwana abazalwa bengenazo iingxaki kuneziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu . Malunga nama-70% abantwana abanale ngxaki bangcono xa beneminyaka emi-6 ubudala, kwaye malunga nama-90% bangcono xa beneminyaka yabo yokuqala. Nangona ukuvaleka kwabantwana kunokuphela ngokwako, ukuphulula umzimba kunokukhawulezisa inkqubo kwaye kunciphise amathuba osulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki. Ukuvaleka kwabantwana abazalwa bengenazo iingxaki akusoloko kubangela iingxaki kamva ebomini.

Kubantu abadala, isiphumo sihlala silungile, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Izizathu ezininzi, ingakumbi ezo zinxulumene nokwenzakala, zisabela kakuhle kunyango, kwaye kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunceda. Ingcali yakho yamehlo ingakuxelela ukuba loluphi unyango olunokunceda, zeziphi iziphumo onokuzilindela, kunye nento onokuyenza ukuphucula ezo ziphumo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba wena (okanye umntwana omkhathalelayo) une-tear duct evalekileyo, ugqirha wamehlo uza kukubonisa indlela yokuyinyanga nokuyilawula. Akufuneki uzame ukuyixilonga okanye ukuyinyanga wedwa i-tear duct evalekileyo . Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zokuvaleka, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka wenze idinga nogqirha wamehlo uze umbone ngokukhawuleza.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam okanye ndifune uncedo?

Ukuba une-crisp duct evalekileyo, ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kukunika iingcebiso zonyango kunye nesikhokelo. Ungambuza nokuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele, nokuba kufuneka umtsalele umnxeba okanye ufune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ungathanda ukubuza ingcali yamehlo okanye umboneleli wezempilo le mibuzo:

• Yintoni enokubangela ukuba imibhobho yeenyembezi ivaleke?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango olucetyiswayo?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
• Ingaba le ndlela yokukrazula iinyembezi evalekileyo inxulumene nenye imeko yezonyango?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela ukuba olu thintelo lungabuyi?

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Umbhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo unokuba buhlungu kwaye ungonwabisi kubantu abadala. Kwaye ukuba unomntwana oza kumnyamekela onaye, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nexhala kwaye uyoyika. Ngethamsanqa, imibhobho yeenyembezi evalekileyo yimeko enokunyangeka kakhulu . Uninzi lwabantwana luyaphola ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi ngeendlela ezilula zokuthambisa ubuso. Isiphumo nakubantu abadala sihlala silungile, ngakumbi ngezizathu ezithile kunye nezinto ezibangela oko.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho (okanye wena) unokuba nombhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wamehlo okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu ekususeni ezi nyembezi zivalekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ixhala eliza nazo. Ungakhathazeki, zikho izisombululo!

Ukuvaleka kweMibhobho yeNkumba, Amehlo anamanzi, Imibhobho yeNtsana ekrazukileyo, Impilo yamehlo, Inkqubo yokukrazula, i-Epiphora