Ngaba wakha wayibona indlela xa wakha indlu, uqala ngokwakha isakhelo esikhulu esineepali kunye neeplanga? Emva koko wakha iindonga uze ufake uphahla. Yiyo loo ndlela umzimba wethu obizwa ngayo ngokuba yi-skeleton. Yisakhelo esiphambili somzimba wethu, yile skeleton esinika amandla nokuzinza ukuze sime, sihambe, kwaye senze nantoni na.
Zeziphi izinto eziphambili ezenziwa ngala mathambo?
Sicinga ngamathambo njengento engenabomi, eqinileyo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kodwa inyani iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunoko. Amathambo, njengawo onke amanye amalungu omzimba wethu, zizicubu eziphilayo . Oko kuthetha ukuba ahlala ekhula, etshintsha, kwaye ezihlaziya. Enyanisweni, amathambo ethu yindawo exakekileyo kakhulu.
Makhe sijonge izinto eziphambili eziza kwenzeka ngenxa yoku.
1. Ukuxhasa nokubumba umzimba
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo sonke esiyaziyo. Ngaphandle kwamathambo ethu, besingenakukwazi ukuma okanye ukuhlala kakuhle. Besiya kuba njengenqwaba yejeli. Amathambo adlala indima enkulu ekumiseleni izinto ezifana nobude bethu kunye nokuma komzimba wethu.
2. Ukunceda ngentshukumo
Sihamba njani, sibaleke, kwaye sishukumise amalungu ethu? Konke oku kwenzeka kuba izihlunu zethu, imisipha, imisipha, kunye namathambo zisebenza kunye. Amathambo asebenza njengenkqubo ye-levers. Xa izihlunu zifinyela, amathambo anamathele kuwo ayashukuma.
3. Ukukhusela amalungu angaphakathi abuthathaka
Le yinto engaqhelekanga nebalulekileyo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba uwile ebhayisekileni yakho uze ubetheke entloko phantsi. Yintoni engayisindisa ingqondo yakho ekonakalisweni? Ibiya kuba lukhakhayi lwakho. Ikhusela ingqondo yakho njengesigcina-ntloko.
Umzekelo, kuthekani ukuba sibetheka esifubeni yibhola ngelixa sidlala ikhilikithi? Iimbambo zethu zikhusela amalungu ethu abuthathaka njengentliziyo nemiphunga. Zikhusela nomqolo wethu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-spinal cord ehamba kuyo.
4. Ukukhusela umongo wethambo nokuvelisa iiseli zegazi
Ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu kukho inxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-bone marrow. Le yifektri ephambili eyenza igazi lethu.
- Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi: Ezi seli zithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke.
- Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi: Ezi seli zisikhusela ngokulwa neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo.
- Iiplatelets: Ezi zinceda ekumiseni ukopha xa kukho inxeba.
Ngaba uyaqonda? Amathambo asingomzimba nje kuphela, kodwa yinkqubo emangalisayo eyenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo ebomini bethu.
Mangaphi amathambo esinawo emzimbeni wethu?
Lo ngumbuzo onomdla kakhulu. Umntu omdala oqhelekileyo unamathambo angama-206 emzimbeni wakhe.Zikhona. Kodwa abanye abantu banokuba ne-213. Isizathu soko kukuba abanye abantu banokuba nomahluko omncinci kwinani leembambo, inani lamathambo emqolo wabo, njl. Ayisosifo, yimeko eqhelekileyo.
Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba, umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa unamathambo amalunga nama-270 emzimbeni wakhe ! Ngoko ke elo nani lehla njani liye kuma-206 xa ekhula? Nantsi into eyenzekayo. Amanye amathambo amancinci eentsana, njengoko ekhula, ayadibana aze abe lithambo elinye. Oku kwenza amathambo abe namandla ngakumbi.
Oogqirha bahlulahlula amathambo ethu abe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili.
- I-Axial skeleton: Le yenziwe ngamathambo angama-80. La ngamathambo enza i-axis ephambili yomzimba, eyintloko, intamo, umqolo, isifuba kunye ne-pelvis.
- I-Appendicular skeleton: Oku kuquka onke amanye amathambo anamathele kwi-axis ephambili. Oko kukuthi, amathambo asemagxeni, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo zamathambo?
Ewe, amathambo anokwahlulwa abe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ngokusekwe kwimilo nobukhulu bawo. Olu hlu lwenzelwe ukwenza kube lula ukuqonda umsebenzi wawo.
| Uhlobo lwethambo | Inkcazo | Imizekelo |
|---|---|---|
| Amathambo amade | Njengoko igama lisitsho, la ngamathambo amade emzimbeni, afumaneka kakhulu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. | Ithambo lethanga, ithambo lengalo engentla, i-pelvis, kunye namathambo kwindawo ye-pelvis. |
| Amathambo amafutshane | Ezi zincinci kwaye zibuthathaka kunamathambo amade kwaye zinesimo setyhubhu. | Amanye amathambo esundu nesandla, amanye amathambo eqakala neenyawo. |
| Amathambo athambileyo | Ezi zibanzi kwaye zithe tyaba, kwaye ikakhulu zinegalelo ekukhuseleni amalungu omzimba. | Amathambo ekhakayi, amagxa, kunye nesifuba esiphakathi kwesifuba. |
| Amathambo eSesamoid | La ngamathambo amancinci afakwe ngaphakathi kwimisipha okanye kwiimisipha. Ahlala efumaneka kufutshane namalungu. | I-kneecap, amathambo athile e-sesamoid ezandleni, amathambo amancinci kwindlebe ephakathi. |
| Amathambo angaqhelekanga | Olu hlobo luquka amathambo aneemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu obungafaniyo nolunye uhlobo. | Amathambo omqolo (i-vertebrae), amathambo esinqe, ithambo le-hyoid entanyeni, kunye nethambo lomsila. |
Zenziwe ngantoni amathambo?
Ithambo lenziwe ikakhulu ziiseli kunye neeproteni. Njengebhisikithi, lineeleya ezimbini eziphambili.
1. I-Cortex - ithambo eliqinileyo: Le yingqimba yangaphandle yethambo eqinileyo neyomeleleyo. Ukuba sijonga umfanekiso wethambo, le yinxalenye esiyibonayo.
2. Ithambo elirhabaxa - elithambileyo: Eli lilo elingaphakathi. Aliqinanga njengethambo eliqinileyo, lifana kancinci nesiponji esinemingxuma. Umongo wethambo esithethe ngawo ngaphambili ukwindawo le.
Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ithambo sisicwili esiphilayo. Yiyo loo nto sinenkqubo yokuvuselelwa kwamathambo ebomini bethu bonke. Oku kwenziwa lula ziintlobo ezimbini ezikhethekileyo zeeseli.
- Ii-Osteoblasts: Ezi seli zakha izicubu ezintsha zamathambo, njengomkhi owakha indlu.
- Ii-Osteoclasts: Ezi seli ziyaqhekeka zize zisuse izicubu ezindala, ezibuthathaka, zivula indlela yezicubu ezintsha neziqinileyo.
Le nkqubo yiyo egcina amathambo ethu ephilile kwaye enamandla.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo zamathambo kunye neengxaki
Nokuba amathambo ethu aqine kangakanani na, kukho izifo neengxaki ezinokuwachaphazela. Ezibini kwezi zibalulekileyo zezi kukwaphuka kwamathambo kunye nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-osteoporosis.
Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo
Ngokwezonyango, ithambo elaphukileyo libizwa ngokuba yi-fracture.Naliphi na ithambo emzimbeni wethu linokwaphuka. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo amathambo amancinci, abuthathaka anokuba sengozini enkulu yokuphuka. Kwingozi enkulu efana nengozi yemoto, kwanethambo eliqinileyo njengethambo lethanga linokwaphuka.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unesikrokro sokuba ithambo lakho laphukile, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Nokuba leliphi ithambo, okanye ingozi ibonakala incinci kangakanani, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
I-Osteoporosis
Eli ligama eliye laviwa ngabantu abaninzi. Ngamafutshane, i-osteoporosis yimeko apho uxinano lwamathambo luncipha khona, nto leyo ewenza abe buthathaka, aqhekeke, kwaye aphuke lula.
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngale meko kukuba abantu abaninzi abanale meko abayazi. Kuba ayibonisi zimpawu zikhethekileyo ekuqaleni. Ixesha elininzi, esi sifo sifunyanwa kuphela emva kokuwa ngequbuliso okanye ukwaphuka kwengalo, umlenze, okanye isinqe.
Ngoko ke, ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala , okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba ne-osteoporosis , qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo loxinano lwamathambo.
Ubusazi? Ezinye izinto ezimangalisayo malunga namathambo
- Ithambo elide nelinamandla emzimbeni: Lithambo lethu lethanga. Ngokwezonyango, libizwa ngokuba yi-femur . Ithambo eliqhelekileyo lethanga lomntu omdala limalunga ne-18 intshi (46 centimeters). Linamandla kangangokuba linokuxhasa ubunzima bomzimba wakho obuphindwe kangangama-30!
- Ithambo elincinci emzimbeni: Amathambo amathathu amancinci emzimbeni wethu akwindlebe yethu ephakathi. Abizwa ngokuba zii-ossicles . I-malleus, i-incus, kunye nee-stapes zonke zingaphantsi kwe-intshi enye ubude. Zibaluleke kakhulu ekuveni kwethu. La mathambo mathathu mancinci adlulisela ukungcangcazela kwesandi endlebeni engaphakathi. Ithambo elincinci yi-stapes. Liyi-3.5 millimeters kuphela ubude!
Nokuba uhleli ekhaya, udiniwe, okanye uziqeqesha ukubaleka i-marathon, amathambo akho ngawo anika umzimba wakho inkxaso. Akunceda ukuba ushukume, okanye akunceda uhlale ungashukumi esofeni. Ukususela kwithambo elincinci endlebeni yakho ukuya kwithambo elide emlenzeni wakho, lonke ithambo emzimbeni wethu lixabisekile kuthi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amathambo akho akangomzimba nje kuphela, kodwa sisicwili esiphilayo esikhula rhoqo kwaye sitshintsha.
- Imisebenzi ephambili yamathambo kukuxhasa umzimba, ukunceda ekushukumeni, ukukhusela amalungu abalulekileyo afana nengqondo nentliziyo, kunye nokuvelisa iiseli zegazi.
- Ukuba uziva iintlungu zethambo, bona ugqirha. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ithambo liphukile, yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- I-Osteoporosis sisifo esingathethiyo esingenazimpawu. Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 okanye unembali ye-osteoporosis kusapho lwakho, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lobunzima bamathambo.
- Ungagcina amathambo akho ephilile kwaye eqinile ngokutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.
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