Ngaba ukhe weva nge-amoeba etya ubuchopho? (I-Amoeba Etya Ubuchopho - Naegleria fowleri) - Masithethe ngale meko iyingozi!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngezifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Brain-Eating Amoeba" sikwenza ungcangcazele, akunjalo? Nangona igama livakala lisoyikisa, olu gciwane lungaqhelekanga . Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku, kuba kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele kulo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale amoeba ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Naegleria fowleri' kunye nemeko enzulu ebangelwa yiyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)'.

Yintoni le amoeba ebizwa ngokuba yi-`Naegleria fowleri`?

Ngamafutshane, i-'Naegleria fowleri' sisidalwa esincinci esineseli enye, njenge-amoeba esayifunda esikolweni. Singayifumana kwihlabathi liphela, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo nezingenamanzi acocekileyo (umzekelo, amachibi, imilambo, imithombo eshushu). Ngamanye amaxesha ingaphila emhlabeni. Into ekhethekileyo kukuba le amoeba ayidingi esinye isilwanyana (umninimzi) ukuba iphile, ingaphila yodwa kwindawo esingqongileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, xa le amoeba ihlasela abantu, ibangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM).' Olu lusulelo olubi kakhulu oluchaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi . Enyanisweni, lunokuba yingozi.

Khumbula: Kwezinye iindawo ungabona igama elithi "ameba" libhalwe endaweni yelithi "amoeba" kwaye igama elithi "amebic" libhalwe endaweni yelithi "amoebic." Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, konke oku kumalunga nesilwanyana esinye esineseli enye.

Le amoeba ingena njani emizimbeni yethu?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Eyona ndlela iphambili le amoeba ethi `Naegleria fowleri` ingena ngayo emizimbeni yethu kukungena empumlweni, emanzini angcolileyo . Khawuthelekelele ukuba udada, untywila, okanye udlala emanzini ngemini eshushu echibini, emlanjeni, okanye edamini lokudada elingafakwanga ichlorine ngokufanelekileyo. Ngelo xesha, ukuba amanzi aqulethe le amoeba angena empumlweni yakho, aya kuhamba aye ngqo engqondweni yakho.

Kodwa, kubalulekile ukwazi oku:

• Esi sifo asibangelwa kukusela amanzi angcolileyo. Ukuba i-amoeba ingena esiswini, ayinakufikelela engqondweni.
• Oku kunqabile kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa amanzi empompi (ingakumbi amanzi ashushu, angacocekanga kakhulu) ukucoca impumlo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le ntsholongwane?

Ngethamsanqa, olu sulelo lwe-`Naegleria fowleri` aluqhelekanga kakhulu . Umzekelo, kwanase-United States, zimbalwa kuphela izifo ezibikwayo minyaka le (phakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-8). Zihlala zibonakala kumazwe asemazantsi, apho imozulu ifudumeleyo, kwaye zixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda aselula.

Nangona kunjalo, kutshanje, ngenxa yotshintsho lwemozulu, ezi zifo ziye zaxelwa nakwiindawo ezithile ezisemantla ngexesha leemozulu ezishushu kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu okusingqongileyo kusenokuba negalelo koku.

Enye into kukuba ezinye izifundo ziyabuza ukuba olu sulelo lunqabile kangakanani na. Kuba abanye abantu bane-antibodies ezilwa nale amoeba egazini labo. Oku kuthetha ukuba basenokuba babenalo usulelo baza baphila bengazi. Kwakhona, abanye abantu ababhubhileyo abachazwa njenge-meningitis baye kamva bachazwa njengababhubhileyo ngenxa yosulelo lwe-"Naegleria fowleri".

Enye into ekufuneka uyicinge kukuba, kwiqela labantu ababedlala kwindawo enye nangendlela efanayo, ngabantu abathile kuphela abafumana olu sulelo. Kutheni abanye bengenalo? Oku kusaphandwa.

Zithini iimpawu zale ntsholongwane?

Iimpawu ze-`Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)` zinokuvela ngequbuliso, kwaye zinzima kakhulu kwasekuqaleni . Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu (oku akufani nentloko eqhelekileyo)
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Uloyiko
• Iimpawu ze-Meningitis: Njengomkhuhlane wobuchopho, intamo eqinileyo, i-photophobia
• Ukudideka kwengqondo (intetho engacacanga, ukudideka)
• Ekugqibeleni, kubakho i-coma , oko kuthetha ukungazi nto.

Oku kuyadanisa ukwazi, kodwa kuyinyani: Nokuba unyango lukhona, izinga lokufa kwesi sifo lingaphezulu kwe-97%.

Yintoni unobangela wolu sulelo?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, olu sulelo lwenzeka xa i-amoeba ebizwa ngokuba yi-`Naegleria fowleri` ingena ebuchotsheni ngempumlo . Oku kwenzeka xa amanzi asulelekileyo ephefumlwa ngempumlo. Le amoeba idla ngokuhlala kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi acocekileyo afudumeleyo kunye namanzi ashushu.

Kunqabile ukuba kuxelwe ukuba oku kunokwenzeka nangokuphefumla uthuli olusulelekileyo.

Kukho nezinye iimeko apho abantu baye bosulelwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi empompini endaweni yamanzi acociweyo okanye acociweyo kwizixhobo ezifana neembiza ze-neti, ezisetyenziselwa ukucoca impumlo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iimpawu zibonakale? (Ixesha lokuFukama)

Kungathatha naphi na iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezilishumi elinesihlanu ukuba i-amoeba ingene emzimbeni kwaye kubonakale iimpawu. Eli xesha linokwahluka kancinci kumntu nomntu.

Ingaba oku kusulela umntu komnye umntu?

Hayi. Olu sulelo alukafunyanwa lusuka komnye umntu luye komnye. Oku kuthetha ukuba awunakulufumana ngokuchukumisa okanye ukuthetha nomntu onesifo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lusaqhubeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba lunokudluliselwa na ngokusebenzisa izicwili okanye ukunikezelwa kwamalungu omzimba.

Ifunyanwa njani le ntsholongwane?

Ukuba ugqirha uyakubona, akubuze ngeempawu zakho, aze akubuze ukuba ubudada edamini lamanzi ashushu kutshanje, aze akukrokrele ukuba usenokuba usulelo lweNaegleria fowleri, baya kukucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluthile.

• Ukubethelwa koMgogodla/ukuPhontshelwa eLumbar: Kule meko, kuthathwa isampuli yolwelo lwakho lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) kwaye ivavanywe ukuba ikhona na le amoeba.
• I-biopsy yobuchopho: Ngamanye amaxesha, iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili elivela ebuchotsheni lingathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-amoeba.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango oluphambili lwe-Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), okanye usulelo lwe-Naegleria fowleri, liyeza lokulwa ne-fungus i-amphotericin B. Abanye abasindileyo kwesi sifo eMntla Melika banikwe i-amphotericin B kunye ne-rifampin, i-fluconazole, kunye ne-miltefosine. I-Miltefosine liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-leishmaniasis, isifo esisasazwa ziimpukane zesanti.

Iziphumo ezilungileyo (kwiimeko zabantwana ababini abachacha ngokupheleleyo) zifunyenwe ngokuxilongwa kwangoko, ukunikwa amayeza acetyiswayo, kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo ukulawula ukudumba kwengqondo. Ngoko ke, ixesha libaluleke kakhulu.

Singazikhusela njani koku?

Ngenxa yobunzima besi sifo, nangona singaqhelekanga, kusabalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Kuphephe ukudada, ukuhamba emanzini, kwaye udlale emanzini kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo zamanzi acocekileyo (ingakumbi ezo zinamanzi amileyo). Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa izithinteli zeempumlo ukuthintela amanzi ukuba angangeni empumlweni yakho. Kuphephe ukudada kwiindawo ezaziwa ngokuba zingcoliswe yiNaegleria fowleri.
• Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi empompini ukunkcenkceshela impumlo (njengembiza ye-neti). Sebenzisa amanzi acociweyo okanye acociweyo rhoqo. Ukuba kufuneka usebenzise amanzi empompini, wabilise umzuzu omnye, uze ucime ubushushu . Ukuba uhlala kwindawo ephakame ngaphezu kwe-1,500 yeenyawo ngaphezu kolwandle, bilisa amanzi imizuzu emithathu.
• Ungasebenzisa izihluzo ezikhethekileyo ukususa iintsholongwane emanzini. Khangela izihluzo ezibhalwe "NSF 53," "NSF 58," okanye "ubukhulu be-absolute pore be-1 micron okanye obuncinci."
• Ungasebenzisa ulwelo lwe-chlorine bleach okanye iipilisi ukubulala iintsholongwane emanzini asetyenziselwa ukucoca impumlo yakho kunye neempumlo. Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani be-bleach efunekayo ukucoca amanzi asetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela impumlo bahlukile kubungakanani obusetyenziselwa ukucoca amanzi okusela. Qiniseka ukuba uyazi oku ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nentloko ebuhlungu emva kokudada emanzini afudumeleyo angenamanzi, xelela ugqirha ngoko nangoko umxelele apho uye khona.

Ithini i-prognosis ukuba esi sifo sivela?

Enyanisweni, amathuba okuchacha kwisifo sikaNaegleria fowleri aphantsi kakhulu . Nokuba unyango lukhona, abantu abaninzi bayafa ngenxa yesi sifo. Ukufa kunokuvela kwiveki okanye kwiintsuku ezilishumi emva kweempawu, kunye ne-coma kunye nokufa kwenzeka kwiveki okanye kwiintsuku ezilishumi.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane okanye intloko ebuhlungu emva kokudada edamini elifudumeleyo lamanzi acocekileyo okanye ukucoca impumlo yakho ngamanzi epompo, bona ugqirha okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Kwimeko yosulelo lwe-'Naegleria fowleri', ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo ekusindiseni ubomi bakho.

Kuyaqondakala ukuba woyike xa usiva nge-"amoeba etya ubuchopho" uze uqonde ukuba inokuba yingozi kangakanani. Ukuba ucinga ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yile amoeba, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba le yimeko engaqhelekanga . Ungazikhusela ngokusebenzisa amanzi acocekileyo okanye acociweyo rhoqo ukuhlamba impumlo yakho, nangokuphepha amanzi ocinga ukuba angcolisiwe (ingakumbi xa kushushu).

Eyona Nto Ibalulekileyo - Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Omele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo zezi:

• I-'Naegleria fowleri' yi-amoeba enokuhlala emanzini afudumeleyo kwaye ibangela usulelo lobuchopho olungaqhelekanga kodwa olubulalayo .
• Olu sulelo lubangelwa kakhulu ngamanzi asulelekileyo angena ebuchotsheni ngempumlo. Alusulelwa ngamanzi okusela.
• Iimpawu (umkhuhlane ophezulu, intloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, intamo eqinileyo) zibonakala ngequbuliso kwaye ziyanda ngokukhawuleza.
• Kungcono ukuba ukhuselekile:
• Kuphephe ukudada emanzini afudumeleyo nangenamanzi acocekileyo, okanye sebenzisa izinto zokuvala iimpumlo.
• Sebenzisa amanzi acociweyo okanye abilisiwe rhoqo ukuhlamba impumlo yakho.
• Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nentloko ebuhlungu emva kokuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Naegleria fowleri, i-amoeba etya ubuchopho, i-meningoencephalitis ye-amoebic yokuqala, i-PAM, i-amoeba, usulelo lobuchopho, isifo esibangelwa ngamanzi