Sonke silivile ibinzana elithi 'i-brain aneurysm', akunjalo? Ngokwenene yimeko yezonyango eyingozi kakhulu nembi kakhulu. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-brain hemorrhage kwisayensi yezonyango. Olu luhlobo lwestroke . Kuyoyikisa ukuva ngale nto, kodwa ukuba siyiqonda ngokulula, kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ekuzikhuseleni nasekuthatheni amanyathelo kwimeko kaxakeka.
Yintoni kanye kanye ukopha ebuchotsheni?
Ngamafutshane, ukopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni kuxa umthambo wegazi engqondweni yakho uba buthathaka kwaye uvuza igazi okanye uqhume ngequbuliso. Xa oku kusenzeka, iiseli zengqondo ziphelelwa yioksijini kunye nezondlo ezizidingayo. Kwakhona, ukopha kuqala ukonakalisa izicubu zengqondo. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo , ngoko ke ukuba ukrokrela ukuba into efana nale iyenzeka kuwe okanye komnye umntu, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Yintoni eyenzekayo ngokwenene ngaphakathi engqondweni ngeli xesha?
Cinga nje, ukhakhayi lwethu lunamandla kakhulu, kodwa lukwanendawo encinci kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kulo, ingqondo yethu ikhuselwe ngononophelo olukhulu. Ingqondo yinethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yemithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo yegazi. Xa enye yale mithambo yegazi iqhuma ngesizathu esithile, kuphuma igazi elithile.
Xa igazi eliphuma ngolu hlobo lidibana nezicubu zobuchopho, loo zicubu ziqala ukudumba. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-`( Cerebral Edema )`. Kwakhona, kwakheka ihlwili legazi, elibizwa ngokuba yi-`(hematoma)`. Ngoku, ngenxa yokuba indawo engaphakathi kwekhakayi incinci, xa igazi liqokelelana kwaye lidumba ngolu hlobo, ingqondo iqala ukuxinana. Ngenxa yolu xinzelelo, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kuyehla, nto leyo enokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiiseli zobuchopho.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokopha ebuchosheni?
Oku kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni igazi lihamba phi engqondweni. Nangona oku kungabonakala kuyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masikuqonde ngokulula ngale theyibhile.
| Uhlobo lokopha | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukopha kwe-Epidural | Kulapho igazi liqokelelana khona phakathi kwentloko kunye nesigqubuthelo sangaphandle esityebileyo (i-dura mater) esijikeleze ubuchopho. Idla ngokubangelwa kukwenzakala okukhulu entloko (njengokwaphuka kwentloko). |
| Ukopha kwe-Subdural | Ingqokelela yegazi phakathi kwengubo yangaphandle yengqondo (i-dura mater) kunye ne-membrane encinci engaphantsi (i-arachnoid mater). Oku kunokubangelwa kukwenzakala entloko, njengokuwa okanye ingozi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukopha kunokuhlala iintsuku. |
| Ukopha kweSubarachnoid | Ingqokelela yegazi phakathi kwengaphakathi nombindi wobuchopho (i-arachnoid kunye ne-pia mater). Uphawu oluphambili yintloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, enganyamezelekiyo, neqatha . Oku kunokubangelwa kukudumba okufana nebhaluni kwimithambo yegazi engqondweni (i-brain aneurysm) eqhumayo. |
| Ukopha kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi | Oku kukuqokelelana kwegazi ngaphakathi kwizicubu zengqondo. Le yeyona nto yesibini iphambili ebangela isifo sohlangothi. Sidla ngokubangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungakhange lunyangwe ixesha elide. |
| Ukopha kwegazi ngaphakathi kwe-ventricular | Igazi liqokelelana kwiindawo ezizele lulwelo (ii-ventricles) ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha. |
Zithini izizathu eziphambili zokuphuma kwegazi ebuchotsheni?
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi izizathu zokuba kwenzeke into efana nale.
- Ukonzakala entloko: Le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukopha ebuchotsheni kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Le yeyona nto inokuthintelwa. Ukuba uxinzelelo alulawulwa ixesha elide, iindonga zemithambo yegazi zinokuba buthathaka kwaye ziqhume.
- I-Aneurysm: Inxalenye ebuthathaka yodonga lomthambo wegazi ivuthuluka njengebhaluni. Ukuba oku kuqhuma ngequbuliso, igazi linokuphuma engqondweni.
- Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi : Abanye abantu bazalwa benemithambo yegazi ebuthathaka engqondweni.
- Iingxaki zokunqanda igazi: Izifo ezifana ne-hemophilia kunye ne-sickle cell anemia ziphazamisa ukunqanda kwegazi kwaye zonyusa umngcipheko wokopha.
- Isifo sesibindi: Abantu abanesifo sesibindi nabo basengozini enkulu yokopha.
- Iintsholongwane zobuchopho : Ezinye iintlobo zeentsholongwane zobuchopho zinokubangela ukopha.
Zithini iimpawu zoku? Uzibona njani?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ukopha kwenzeka phi engqondweni kunye nobungakanani bokopha. Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu ziqala ngequbuliso kwaye zinyuke kancinci kancinci.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ngequbuliso ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, musa ukulibazisa. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu ekusindiseni ubomi apha.
Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonwayo:
- Intloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo ngequbuliso.
- Uvelwano ekukhanyeni.
- Ukuqala ngequbuliso kokuxhuzula ngaphandle kwembali yangaphambili.
- Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukurhawuzelela engalweni okanye emlenzeni.
- Ukugabha kunye nokucaphuka.
- Utshintsho lombono (njengokubona kabini).
- Ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwayo.
- Ubunzima bokuginya.
- Ukungakwazi ukuma nkqo, ukushukuma xa uhamba (ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi).
- Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.
Iphathwa njani?
Xa usiya esibhedlele, oogqirha baya kuqala bakuhlole baze bafumane umbono wokuba umonakalo uphi engqondweni yakho ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho. Emva koko, baya kwenza uvavanyo olufana ne-'CT scan' okanye 'MRI' ukuze bajonge ngaphakathi kwengqondo yakho. Oku kungabonisa ngqo ukuba kuphi kwaye kungakanani ukopha okwenzekayo.
Unyango luxhomekeke kwindawo, unobangela, kunye nobunzima bokopha.
- Amayeza: Amayeza anjenge-corticosteroids, i-osmotics anokunikwa ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukunciphisa iintlungu, kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba kwengqondo.
- Utyando: Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, utyando olungxamisekileyo lunokufuneka ukuze kumiswe ukopha nokunciphisa uxinzelelo ngokukhupha igazi eliqokelelene engqondweni.
Singenza ntoni ukuze sizikhusele kule meko?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukopha ebuchotsheni kudla ngokunxulunyaniswa nendlela esiphila ngayo. Ngoko ke ukuba uyazinyamekela ezi zinto, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho.
1. Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza.Jonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo. Sela amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Yitya ukutya okunempilo okunetyuwa encinci. Zilolonge.
2. Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
3. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni: Izinto ezifana ne-cocaine ziyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokopha ebuchotsheni.
4. Lawula indlela osela ngayo utywala.
5. Lawula amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol: Hlola i-cholesterol yakho rhoqo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, thatha amayeza njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho.
6. Qhuba ngononophelo, soloko unxibe ibhanti yesihlalo. Qhuba isigcina-ntloko rhoqo xa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye imotombayisekile.
7. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kakuhle.
8. Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (umz., `warfarin (Coumadin)`), ungaze uphoswe kuvavanyo lukagqirha. Fumana uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukwidosi efanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni yimeko yezonyango engxamisekileyo neyingozi. Lumkela iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba, kunye nobunzima bokuthetha.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukulinda nje. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi kwaye lunciphise umonakalo wexesha elide.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku kukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi oluphezulu nokugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
- Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengxaki zakho zempilo kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo.
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