Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba umhlaza webele awuchaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo? Enyanisweni, abanye abafazi banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo, kwaye iintlobo zomhlaza abazifumanayo zinokuba nzima ngakumbi. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ekhethekileyo efana nale. Oko kukuthi, ubudlelwane phakathi kwabafazi abamnyama kumazwe afana neMelika kunye nomhlaza webele. Esi sisihloko esikufundisa wena, mna, kunye nabo bonke abafazi kwilizwe lethu izifundo ezixabisekileyo malunga nokunyamekela impilo yabo.
Kutheni sithetha ngale nto ngokukodwa?
Kangangexesha elide, umhlaza wemiphunga wawungunobangela ophambili wokufa komhlaza phakathi kwabasetyhini abamnyama. Kodwa ngo-2019, oko kwatshintsha, kwaye umhlaza webele ngoku uthabathile. Oku kubonisa ubunzulu besi sifo. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba aba bafazi:
- Kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba nomhlaza webele ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
- Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba neentlobo zomhlaza ezisasazeka ngokukhawuleza nezinamandla .
- Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo (ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo) ziya zixhaphaka.
- Xa isifo sifunyenwe, sidla ngokuba kwinqanaba eliphezulu apho sisasazeka khona nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba (i-metastatic) .
Olu lwazi alukokusoyikisa, kodwa lukusifundisa. Ngenxa yokuba ezinye zezi zinto zinobungozi ziyabonakala nakuluntu lwethu, kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu azi ngale nto.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeethumba ezinobungozi
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zomhlaza ezixhaphakileyo kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabasetyhini abamnyama. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto kuba nawuphi na umfazi unokuba nazo.
| Uhlobo lomhlaza | Imiboniso eyodwa |
|---|---|
| Umhlaza Webele Ovuvukisayo | Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga, kodwa lunzima kakhulu kwaye lusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu zibonakala kwixesha elifutshane, malunga neenyanga ezi-3-6. Iimpawu ziquka ukubomvu, ukudumba, kunye nokuziva ufudumele ebeleni. |
| Umhlaza webele one-triple-negative (TNBC) | Olu lolona hlobo lufuna ingqalelo enkulu. Ekubeni lungaxhomekekanga kwiihomoni, aluphenduli kunyango oluqhelekileyo lweehomoni. Ke ngoko, iindlela zonyango zinqongophele. Nokuba unyango lukhona, umngcipheko wokuphinda lubuye uphezulu. |
Ubunzima bomhlaza we-TNBC
I-TNBC yimeko enzima kuye nabani na. Amanqanaba okusinda ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani besifo xa sichongiwe.
- Ukuba umhlaza ufumaneka ebeleni , izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 limalunga nama-91%.
- Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwizicwili ezingqongileyo (zengingqi) , loo mathuba ehla aye kuma-66%.
- Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezikude emzimbeni , amathuba aphantsi njenge-12%.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nesicwangciso sakho sonyango ukuba ufunyaniswe unalo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza webele. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngonyango, olufana notyando okanye i-chemotherapy , ungoyiki ukubuza ukuba kutheni. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unelungelo lokufumana uluvo lwesibini kwenye ingcali .
Kutheni izinga lokufa liphezulu phakathi kwabanye abafazi?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba amazinga okufa ngenxa yomhlaza webele aphezulu phakathi kwabasetyhini abamnyama. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ezi zizathu njengoko zinokusebenza kubafazi kwilizwe lethu ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.
- Iingxaki zokufikelela kwinkonzo yezempilo: Ukufunyaniswa kwesi sifo kwangethuba kunokulibaziseka ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nomgama ukuya kwizibhedlele ezilungileyo, iindleko zonyango, kunye nokungabikho kokufikelela kwizibonelelo zanamhlanje ezifana noomatshini be-mammogram.
- Ezinye iingxaki zempilo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nokutyeba kakhulu ziyandisa umngcipheko womhlaza webele . Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukulawula ezi meko.
- Ukungancancisi: Uphando lubonise ukuba ukuncancisa kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weentlobo ezithile zomhlaza webele. Ukuncancisa kucetyiswa ngokukodwa ubuncinane unyaka omnye.
Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kweemveliso zeenwele nomhlaza?
Le yingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Iimveliso ezifana neziphumzi zeenwele, iikhrimu zolusu, kunye nezithambiso zinokuba neekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba ziiparabens . Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukugcina iimveliso.
Iiparabens zinamandla okulinganisa i-hormone ye-estrogen emizimbeni yethu. I-estrogen isebenza njengefuthe ekukhuleni kwezinye iiseli zomhlaza wamabele.
Uphando ngale nto lusaqhubeka. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba iiparabens zichaphazela ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza kubafazi abamnyama, kodwa azichaphazeli kubafazi abamhlophe. Kodwa ezinye izifundo zithi olu nxibelelwano alukaqinisekiswa ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba usemngciphekweni wokuba nomhlaza webele okanye sele unesifo, kungcono ukufunda ilebheli xa uthenga izinto zokuthambisa kwaye ujonge amagama anje `(butylparaben, ethylparaben, methylparaben, propylparaben)`. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, kububulumko ukuphepha ukusebenzisa ezo mveliso.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza webele
Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka kuye nawuphi na umfazi, nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Ukuba ubona enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi, musa ukoyika kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Iqhuma elitsha esifubeni okanye ekhwapheni.
- Ukudumba kwebele, nokuba ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye.
- Ulusu lwebele lufana nomphezulu wexolo loorenji .
- Intlungu emabeleni okanye kwingono.
- Ingono iyajika okanye kuphume ulwelo kuyo.
- Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo kufutshane ne-collarbone okanye kwindawo esemakhwapheni.
Khumbula ngakumbi: Umhlaza webele ovuthayo, ibele linokuba bomvu, lidumbe, lize lizive lifudumele. Ukuba ezi mpawu zibonakala ngequbuliso, bonana nogqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Ungawubona njani umhlaza kwangethuba?
Okukhona ibonwa kwangoko, kokukhona unyango luphumelela ngakumbi. Ezi zezona ndlela ziphambili ezikhoyo.
- Iimammogram: Le yi-X-ray yamabele. Idla ngokucetyiswa emva kweminyaka engama-40 ukuthintela ukufa ngenxa yomhlaza. Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nomhlaza, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu vavanyo kwanangaphambi kwexesha.
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Malunga ne-5%-10% yomhlaza wamabele ibangelwa zi-genes ezizuzwe njengelifa (ezifana ne-`BRCA1`, `BRCA2`). Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nomhlaza wamabele okanye umhlaza wesibeleko, ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ufumane ukuba uvavanyo lwemfuza luyimfuneko na.
Ngaba umngcipheko ungancitshiswa?
Ukuba nomhlaza akulotyala lakho. Nangona kunjalo, singawunciphisa umngcipheko wethu ngokugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okunesitatshi esincinci kwaye utyebile kwimifuno neziqhamo.
- Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni .
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
- Zilolonge yonke imihla.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ufuna uncedo ngale nto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele awufani kuwo wonke umntu. Ezinye iintlobo (ezifana ne-TNBC) zinobundlongondlongo ngakumbi, ngoko ke ukubonwa kwangethuba kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Nika ingqalelo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ubona nantoni na engaqhelekanga, njengeqhubu elisesifubeni sakho, utshintsho eluswini lwakho, okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi kwiingono zakho, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho ngembali yomhlaza yentsapho yakho uze ubuze ngeminyaka efanelekileyo yokuqala ii-mammograms.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga) inokunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo ezininzi, kuquka nomhlaza.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uxhalabile malunga nonyango olufumanayo, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso komnye umntu ochwephesha. Impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
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