Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuthetha? Ngaba amazwi akho ayabambeka? Oku kusenokuba yi-Broca's Aphasia!

Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo wakha waba namava okuba nombono ocacileyo wento ofuna ukuyithetha, kodwa xa uzama ukuyibeka ngamazwi, uzive ngathi ubambekile, okanye ukuba ungathetha amagama amabini okanye amathathu kuphela? Mhlawumbi unengxaki yokwenza isivakalisi esipheleleyo, okanye unengxaki yokuthetha kanye into ozama ukuyithetha. Ukuba kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele imeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yiBroca's Aphasia .

Yintoni iBroca's Aphasia?

Ngamafutshane, i-Broca's Aphasia yingxaki yokuveliswa kolwimi. Oku kuthetha ukuba awunangxaki yokuqonda amagama , kodwa ubuchule bakho bokukwazi ukuhlanganisa amagama ukuze enze izivakalisi ziyachaphazeleka. Ngokukodwa, unokuba nobunzima bokwenza izivakalisi ezinde kunamagama amane, ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo esivakalisi, okanye ukwenza izandi ezifanelekileyo zokubiza igama ngalinye. Ukufunda kunokuba lula kunokubhala kwiimeko ezininzi.

Le meko ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-expressive aphasia . Le yeyona ndlela iphambili ye-non-fluent aphasia. Le meko idla ngokuvela emva komonakalo wobuchopho. Izizathu eziphambili zinokuba sistroke okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu entloko (Traumatic Brain Injury - TBI) .

Khawuqwalasele imizekelo embalwa:

• Nangona ufuna ukuthi "Ndifuna iglasi yamanzi," ifundeka ngolu hlobo "Ndifuna amanzi ngoku."
• Nokuba ufuna ukuthi "Ndiya evenkileni ndiyokuthenga ubisi," ifundeka njengesivakalisi esifutshane esifana nokuthi "Ndiya evenkileni ndiyokuthenga ubisi."
• Nokuba uzama ukuthi "Kukho izinja ezimbini epakini," kusenokuvakala ngathi "Ipaki yezinja."

Xa usiva izinto ezinje, mhlawumbi uyayiqonda ingxaki, akunjalo?

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Iimpawu zeBroca's aphasia zichaphazela kakhulu ubuchule bakho bokunxibelelana. Uyazi into ofuna ukuyithetha, kodwa awukwazi ukuyithetha. Usenokuhlangabezana nezinto ezifana nezi:

• Kunzima ukwakha izivakalisi.
• Endaweni yokuthetha isivakalisi esipheleleyo , basebenzisa amagama ambalwa kuphela.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, xa kusetyenziswa izibizo kuphela, izihlanganisi (umz., kunye, okanye, kodwa) ziyashiywa.
• Kunzima ukuphinda amabinzana nezivakalisi ezithethiweyo.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-Broca's Aphasia ayichaphazeli ingqondo yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuba nobunzima bokuqonda izivakalisi ezinde nezintsonkothileyo, kodwa oko akusoloko kunjalo.

Uyaqonda ukuba kufuna umgudu omkhulu kunye nomsebenzi onzima ukwakha amagama nezivakalisi.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, le meko inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu. Ezi zilandelayo ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeBroca's Aphasia:

• Ukukhungatheka
• Ukubekwa wedwa
• Uxinzelelo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu seempawu ze-aphasia kunye nendawo eyonakeleyo yengqondo, kunokubakho ezinye iimpawu ukongeza kwiingxaki zokuthetha. Umzekelo, emva kwestroke, ukukhubazeka komzimba kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ukulimala kwestroke kunokuchaphazela nezihlunu ezilawula iingalo nemilenze, okubangela ubuthathaka obungapheliyo.

Zithini izizathu zeBroca's Aphasia?

Olu hlobo lwe-aphasia lubangelwa kukonakala kwenxalenye yengqondo yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-Broca's area . Indawo ye-Broca ikwi -frontal lobe yengqondo yakho, kwicala lasekhohlo lentloko yakho, ecaleni kwendlebe yakho. Le nxalenye yengqondo yakho ilawula intetho kunye nokuthetha.

Eyona nto ibangela umonakalo kule nxalenye yobuchopho yi-ischemic stroke, ebangelwa kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi.

Ezinye izizathu zingaba:

• Ukulimala okukhulu entloko (Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu - iTBI) .
• Iithumba zobuchopho .
• Usulelo lobuchopho .
• Iimeko zokuwohloka kwemithambo-luvo, ezifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer, ziimeko apho inkqubo yemithambo-luvo iye isiba mandundu kancinci kancinci.

Ungayibona njani le meko?

Ugqirha uyayixilonga le meko emva kovavanyo lomzimba , uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo , uvavanyo lolwimi, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo. Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha uya kuphinda ahlole imbali yakho yezonyango. Banokukuthumela kwingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP) ukuze bavavanye izakhono zakho zolwimi. Ingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha iya kuvavanya:

• Ukubiza izinto ngamagama
• Ukuphindaphinda ibinzana
• Ukulandela imiyalelo
• Ukufunda
• Ukubhala

Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olunokubona umonakalo engqondweni lunokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ugqirha angayalela olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo:

• Uvavanyo lwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Iskeni se-CT (Computed Tomography)
• Iskeni sePET (Positron Emission Tomography)

Ekubeni ukudakumba kudla ngokubonakala kwi-aphasia, ungathunyelwa kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo .

Iphathwa njani?

Unyango lweBroca's Aphasia luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu onazo.

Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lokuthetha . Ingcali yezifo zentetho nolwimi (SLP) inokukunceda ufumane iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunxibelelana. Unganikwa ibhodi yomfanekiso ukukubonisa into ekufuneka uyithethe. Okanye, ugqirha wakho unokukufundisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi -'melodic thonation.' Oku kuquka ukuziqhelanisa nokusebenzisa ithoni zomculo (ezifana nokucula) ukuze uveze amagama okanye amabinzana ngokulula kunokuba ubuya kuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo.

Oogqirha okwangoku baphanda amayeza amatsha kunye nonyango lwe-aphasia ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo zeklinikhi . Ezi zizilingo ezenziwa ebantwini. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukuvuselelwa kwe-transcranial kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza.

Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo yengqondo kunye ne-aphasia yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lweemeko ezifana nokudakumba.

Ngexesha lonyango, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nabanakekeli bakho kunye nabantu obathandayo ukuze wonke umntu akwazi ukunxibelelana ngempumelelo. Oku kunokuphucula iziphumo zakho zokuchacha kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Ngaba oku kunganyangwa ngokupheleleyo?

Inyaniso kukuba, okwangoku akukho nyango luqinisekileyo lweBroca's Aphasia. Abaphandi benza uvavanyo lwezonyango ukuze bafumane unyango olutsha.

Nangona kunjalo, amandla akho okuchacha ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomonakalo kwiziko lokucubungula ulwimi lobuchopho. Ezinye iimeko zinokuba zezexeshana, kwaye kwezinye iimeko unokuphinda uphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ulawulo lobomi bonke lunokufuneka ukukunceda unxibelelane. Uphuculo oluthile kwizakhono zolwimi lunokubonwa kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu emva kwestroke. Unyango lokuthetha lunokunceda ukugcina okanye ukwandisa olu phuculo ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngaba i-Broca's Aphasia ingathintelwa?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthintela zonke iimeko zale meko. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana iimeko ezifana nestroke okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubangela i-aphasia:

• Lawula naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo onokuba nazo.
• Landela ukutya okunempilo kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga esikufaneleyo.
• Zikhusele ekwenzakaleni (umzekelo, ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa udlala imidlalo yokudibanisa umzimba).

Ugqirha wakho angakunika iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo ezihambelana neemfuno zakho.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo uneempawu ze-aphasia, ingakumbi emva kwestroke okanye ukwenzakala entloko, thetha nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba sele uxilongiwe ukuba une-aphasia okanye isifo semithambo-luvo kwaye iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, yazisa nogqirha wakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Ungabuza ugqirha imibuzo efana nale:

• Yintoni ebangela iimpawu zam?
• Kufuneka ndiye rhoqo kwi-speech therapy?
• Ngaba ndiyafaneleka na ukuba ndifumane uvavanyo lweklinikhi?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndithethe nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ?

Okokugqibela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ezi zinto!

Ukuba une-Broca's aphasia, usenokufuna ukuthetha, kodwa amagama asenokungaphumi lula. Kungavakala ngathi kukho udonga olujikeleze iziko lokucubungula ulwimi lwengqondo yakho. Kungaba ngumzamo omkhulu wengqondo ukudibanisa isivakalisi. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimpilo yengqondo ebuthathaka kunye nokungazibandakanyi nabantu.

Kodwa akufuneki ujongane nale meko ye-aphasia wedwa.

Ugqirha anokukunceda. Usenokukwazi ukufunda iindlela ezintsha zokuthetha, njengokusebenzisa ibhodi yemifanekiso okanye ukuthetha nengoma. Ezi zinokukunceda uchaze iimfuno zakho kunye neemfuno zakho ngempumelelo. Ukuziqhelanisa nezi ndlela zintsha kuya kuyinceda kakhulu impilo yakho kunye nobudlelwane bakho nabantu. Ngoko ke ungaze unikezele, kwaye ufumane uncedo olufunayo.

I- Broca's aphasia, iingxaki zokuthetha, iingxaki zobuchopho, isifo sohlangothi, unyango lokuthetha, ubunzima bonxibelelwano, ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo