Ngaba ngequbuliso ukhe wakufumanisa kunzima ukuthetha okanye ukuqonda? Masifunde ngale nto (i-Global Aphasia)!

Khawuthelekelele, uncokola kamnandi uze ngequbuliso ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa amagama akho, awuqondi ukuba abanye bathini. Okanye awukwazi ukubhala okanye ukufunda. Le yinto ekwenza uzive ungenakunceda, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha olu hlobo lwemeko enzima lunokubangelwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-(Global Aphasia). Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kulungile?

Yintoni iGlobal Aphasia?

Ngamafutshane, i-Global Aphasia kukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso kwezakhono zethu ezininzi zolwimi - ukuthetha, ukuqonda, ukubhala, ukufunda - ngokungathi yonke inkqubo yethu yonxibelelwano ivaliwe. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuphazamiseka kolwimi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Aphasia, kodwa i-Global Aphasia ithathwa njengeyona inzima nexhaphakileyo .

Kodwa nantsi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Nangona izakhono zakho zolwimi zichaphazeleka yi (Global Aphasia), ubukrelekrele bakho, ubulumko bakho, okanye (Intelligence) abuchaphazeleki nangayiphi na indlela. Usengumntu okrelekrele, ocingayo. Kodwa umceli mngeni omkhulu kukuziveza nokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye. Kufana nokuba uyazi ukuqhuba imoto kakuhle, kodwa injini yemoto ayisebenzi.

Zithini iimpawu ze (Global Aphasia)?

Xa le meko isenzeka, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zibonakala kakhulu:

• Kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukuqonda into ethethwa ngumntu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha usenokungaqondi nto konke konke. Kungavakala ngathi uthetha olunye ulwimi.
• Ubuchule bokufunda nokubhala buncipha kakhulu okanye bulahleke ngokupheleleyo. Umntu usenokungakwazi nokubhala igama lakhe, ingasathethwa ke ngephephandaba okanye incwadi.
• Basenokungakwazi ukuveza iimfuno zabo neemvakalelo zabo ngamazwi. Basenokuthetha igama elinye okanye amabini kuphela, okanye basenokungakwazi ukuthetha konke konke.

Khawuthelekelele indlela oziva ungenakunceda ngayo xa oku kusenzeka. Ukungakwazi ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu kunokukhokelela ekubeni nesizungu kwanokudakumba. Ungaziva ungodwa ehlabathini, ungakwazi ukuziveza, ungakwazi ukuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu.

Ngaba abantu abakule meko banokubhala nokufunda?

Ngelishwa, umntu one-(Global Aphasia) akanalo ikhono lokubhala okanye lokufunda. Ezo zakhono ziphantse zilahleke ngokupheleleyo. Kuba le meko ichaphazela zonke iinkalo zolwimi.

Zithini izizathu ze (Global Aphasia)?

Isizathu esiphambili sale meko kukonakala okukhulu kwamaziko abalulekileyo engqondweni yethu asebenza nolwimi.Ingqondo yethu yinto entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zayo zenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, kukho iindawo ezimbini zobuchopho esizibiza ngokuba yi (Broca's area) kunye ne (Wernicke's area). Ezi ziindawo ezisinceda siqonde ulwimi, sisebenzise isigama kunye negrama, kwaye sakhe amagama nezivakalisi. Njengesoftware yekhompyutha. Ukuba le (Broca's area) yonakele, kuya kubakho ubunzima bokuthetha, kwaye ukuba le (Wernicke's area) yonakele, kuya kubakho ubunzima bokuqonda. Kwi (Global Aphasia), kunokubakho umonakalo omkhulu kuzo zombini ezi ndawo okanye kuzo.

Ngoko ke kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili apho olu hlobo lomonakalo wengqondo lunokwenzeka khona:

• Istroke. Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Ngexesha lestroke, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kuyayeka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iiseli zengqondo zife.
• I-Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) kukwenzakala okukhulu entloko. Umzekelo, impembelelo enkulu entlokweni, njengengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa, inokubangela olu hlobo lomonakalo.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-Global Aphasia?

Ugqirha uza kuxilonga i-Global Aphasia ngokukuxilonga, ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-neurological, nokwenza ezinye iimvavanyo. Ngexesha lezi zilingo, ugqirha uza kukubuza okanye umnakekeli wakho imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo yakho. Ekubeni unokuba nobunzima bokuthetha nokuqonda, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba nomntu omthembileyo abe nawe ngeli xesha. Loo mntu unokukunceda uphendule imibuzo ebuzwa ngugqirha.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokuyalela i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) okanye i-CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) ukuze abone ubungakanani bomonakalo engqondweni, oko kukuthi, apho ukhona khona ubuchopho kwaye unzima kangakanani. Ezi scan zinokuthatha umfanekiso ocacileyo wobuchopho.

Ukuqinisekisa olu xilongo, ungathunyelwa kwingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP). Le ngcali iya kuvavanya izakhono zakho zolwimi - ukuthetha, ukuqonda, ukufunda, kunye nokubhala - ukuze kuchongwe ubunzulu beengxaki zakho zokucubungula ulwimi. Olu vavanyo luya kumisela nokuba zeziphi iintlobo zonyango eziza kuvavanywa.

Iphathwa njani i-Global Aphasia?

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lokuthetha ukuze unyange imeko yakho (i-Global Aphasia). Kwi-speech therapy, uya kusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo ne-Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP). Baza kukunceda kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Bazama ukuphinda bafumane izakhono zolwimi nezonxibelelwano ezilahlekileyo. Kancinci kancinci, baqhelisela ukukhumbula amagama nokudibanisa izivakalisi.
• Funda ezinye iindlela zokunxibelelana. Nokuba awukwazi ukuthetha, ungaziveza ngezinye iindlela.
• Fundisa abantu obathandayo kunye nabo bakukhathaleleyo indlela yokunxibelelana nawe ngempumelelo.Kuba nabo bafuna ukwazi indlela yokukunceda.

Ugqirha angacebisa nonyango olufana nolu:

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango

• Unxibelelwano Olukhuthazayo Nolunye Uhlobo (AAC): Zininzi iindlela zokunxibelelana ngaphandle kokuthetha. Ingcali yezonyango iya kukufundisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuveza iimfuno zakho. Umzekelo, unokukwazi ukuxelela umntu ukuba ufuna into yokutya, yokusela, okanye yokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela ngokumbonisa imifanekiso, iimpawu, okanye uphawu olunoonobumba. Unokukwazi nokusebenzisa isixhobo esifana nethebhulethi.
• Unyango lweMisebenzi yokubona (i-VAT): Olu nyango olungengolwamazwi. Ingcali yokunyanga ikufundisa imiqondiso (iintshukumo zomzimba) ukumela izinto ezahlukeneyo. Iintshukumo zakho zikunceda unxibelelane. Umzekelo, ukuba uthi ufuna ukusela amanzi, ungagoba iminwe yakho ngokungathi ubambe iglasi uze uhambise isandla sakho emlonyeni wakho. Okanye ungenza ngathi uthatha ikam uze ukama iinwele zakho endaweni yokuthi 'ikam'.
• Unyango Lomculo (Unyango Lomculo Omnandi): Ingcali yezonyango isebenzisa isingqisho kunye nomculo ukuze ivuselele iindawo zobuchopho bakho ezisebenza ngolwimi. Ngamanye amaxesha kulula ukubiza amagama kwingoma, njengengoma, kunokuthetha. Oku kunokuphucula intetho yakho kunye nendlela oqonda ngayo ulwimi.

Khumbula, olu nyango aluzukuzisa iziphumo ngobusuku obunye. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka ulusebenzisa ngomonde nangokuzinikela.

Ukongeza, iimvavanyo zeklinikhi ziyaqhubeka okwangoku ukuvavanya unyango olutsha lwe-aphasia yehlabathi kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Ungafaneleka ukuzama amayeza okanye iindlela zokuvuselela ubuchopho ezifana neTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) kwezi zilingo zeklinikhi. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo kwi-Global Aphasia?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngabantu abaninzi. Ukuchacha kwakho kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo, ubungakanani bomonakalo wengqondo, indawo yomonakalo, ubudala bakho, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nokuba uqale ngokukhawuleza kangakanani unyango. Ugqirha wakho angakunika icebiso elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Iimpawu zihlala zinzima kakhulu emva nje kokuba uhlaselwe sistroke okanye ukwenzakala engqondweni. Nangona kunjalo, ungaphawula ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya ziphucuka kancinci kancinci kwiiveki nakwiinyanga emva kwesi siganeko. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zezona uya kubona ukuphucuka okukhulu.

Abanye abantu bayachacha bade bafikelele kwinqanaba apho banokusebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo, nokuba kunzima ukuthetha. Abanye banokuba neempawu ubomi babo bonke. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, banokufuneka balawule imeko yabo ubomi babo bonke. Kodwa ungaphelelwa lithemba. Ngonyango, umgangatho wobomi bakho unokuphucula.

Ngaba le meko ingathintelwa?

Asinakuthintela zonke izinto ezinokubangela i-global aphasia. Umzekelo, into efana nengozi engalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Lawula naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo onokuba nazo , ezinje ngesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol. Ezi zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho westroke.
• Thabatha amanyathelo okhuseleko xa usenza imisebenzi enobungozi obukhulu. Umzekelo, ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ibhayisekile, kunye nokunxiba i-headhear yokukhusela xa usebenza ekwakheni.
• Fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko (ezifana ne-911) kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphele iimpawu zokuqala zestroke (umz., ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso, ukungaziva kakuhle engalweni, ubunzima bokuthetha). Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo wobuchopho. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu apha.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ngequbuliso nifumana ubunzima bolwimi obuchaphazela ubuchule benu bokuthetha, ukuqonda, ukubhala, okanye ukufunda , bonani ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ingakumbi ukuba ezi mpawu zihamba kunye neempawu zestroke (ukugoba kobuso, ukungaziva mnandi engalweni), yingxamiseko. Ugqirha unokumisela ezona ndlela zonyango zilungileyo kwimeko yakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

Ukuba unyamekela umntu omthandayo one-Global Aphasia, enye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo onokunceda ngazo kukubuza iqela lezonyango imibuzo ebalulekileyo efana nale:

• "Luhlobo luni lokuchacha endingalulindela kumntu endimthandayo? Ngaba uza kuchacha ngokupheleleyo?"
• "Kufuneka aye rhoqo kangakanani kwaye ixesha elingakanani ukuze aye kunyango lokuthetha?"
• "Ndingathetha njani nomntu endimthandayo oye wagula yi-Global Aphasia? Ndingathetha njani ngendlela abayiqondayo nebancedayo?"
• "Singenza ntoni ekhaya ukuphucula impilo-ntle yakhe?"
• "Ngaba kukho ezinye iingxaki ezinokuvela ngenxa yale meko?"

Njengoko ufunda eli nqaku, kunzima ukucinga indlela umntu one-Global Aphasia amele ukuba uziva ngayo. Ukucula amazwi engoma oyithandayo, ukufunda isihloko sephephandaba, okanye ukuhleka nomhlobo kusenokungabi lula ngequbuliso emva kwestroke. Ukungakwazi ukuziqonda wena okanye abanye kunokuba ngamava odwa. Kodwa akufuneki ujongane nayo wedwa. Oogqirha, iingcali zentetho, usapho, kunye nabahlobo baya kusebenza nawe kunye nabantu obathandayo ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esihambelana neemfuno zakho. Banokukunceda ufunde iindlela ezintsha zokuziveza ngeendlela ezenza unxibelelwano lube lula kwaye lusebenze ngakumbi.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Nangona i-Global Aphasia yimeko eyoyikisayo neyinzima, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, unyango lokuthetha, kunye nenkxaso yabantu obathandayo, kukho ithuba lokuphucula izakhono zonxibelelwano ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kwaye uguqule ubomi bakho. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna iingcebiso zonyango kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kunyango ngokuzinikela nangomonde. Khumbula, wena okanye umntu omthandayo aniwedwa kolu hambo, baninzi abantu abanokukunceda kwaye bakuxhase. Musa ukuyeka!

I- Aphasia yeHlabathi, i-Aphasia, Iingxaki zeNtetho, Ukuphazamiseka koLwimi, iStroke, Ukulimala koBongo, Unyango lweNtetho