Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba umoya ungena njani ngqo emiphungeni yakho xa uphefumla? Siphefumla ngaphandle kobunzima. Kodwa emva kwale nkqubo, kukho inkqubo emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yale nkqubo, kodwa enye esingathethi kakhulu ngayo, yi-bronchi. Njengeendlela emotweni, ezi zezona ndlela ziphambili ezithwala umoya uye emiphungeni yakho. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngezi bronchi, ukuba ziyintoni na, ukuba zenza ntoni, kunye nendlela yokuzigcina ziphilile.
Ngoko ke zithini ezi bronchi?
Ngamafutshane, ibronchi yinkqubo yeetyhubhu ezinkulu ezithwala umoya ukuya emiphungeni yethu . Uyakhumbula na ukuba sinetyhubhu yokuphefumla ephambili entanyeni yethu, esiyibiza ngokuba yi-trachea? Ifana nesiqu somthi. Le trachea ingena esifubeni ize yahlulwe ibe ngamasebe amabini amakhulu. Elinye liya kumphunga wasekunene kwaye elinye liya kumphunga wasekhohlo. La masebe mabini aphambili yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-bronchi ephambili .
Emva koko ezi bronchi ziphambili, njengamasebe omthi, zahlulahlula zibe ziityhubhu ezincinci nezincinci ngaphakathi kwemiphunga. Le nkqubo yonke yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokuphefumla. Ngaphandle kwale nkqubo, umoya esiwuphefumlayo ubungenakufikelela kwiingxowa zomoya (i-alveoli) emiphungeni.
Yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi we-bronchi?
Umsebenzi oyintloko nobaluleke kakhulu we-bronchi kukungenisa umoya emiphungeni nokukhupha umoya emiphungeni. Kodwa kungekuphela nje koko, kukho nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezenzekayo okwangoku.
1. Indlela yoMoya: Xa siphefumla, umoya ungena ngempumlo okanye ngomlomo, udlule kwi-trachea, nge-bronchi, uze udlule kwiityhubhu ezincinci (ii-bronchioles) uze ekugqibeleni ungene kwi-alveoli. Kulapho ioksijini esemoyeni ifunxwa khona egazini.
2. Ukucoca nokufumisa umoya: Ingaphakathi leetyhubhu zethu ze-bronchial ligqunywe ngumaleko we-mucus . Oku kubonelela ngomswakama ofunekayo emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo. Kwakhona, iintsholongwane ezifana namasuntswana othuli, iintsholongwane, kunye neebhaktheriya eziza nomoya zinamathela kolu maleko we-mucus.
3. Umkhuseli: Ziphuma njani ezi ntsholongwane zigcwele uthuli kunye ne-mucus? Kukho indlela entle yokwenza oko. Ngaphakathi kwimibhobho ye-bronchial kukho izigidi zezakhiwo ezincinci ezifana neenwele ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cilia . Njengemitshayelo etshayela izitalato, ezi cilia zihamba ngokuqhubekayo zisiya phezulu, zityhala uthuli olunamathele kwi-mucus luye emqaleni. Emva koko , xa sikhohlela okanye sithimla, ezi zinto zingafunwayo ziyakhutshwa emzimbeni. Khawucinge ukuba le nkqubo ibingekho, lonke uthuli kunye neentsholongwane kuyo yonke imiphefumlo esiyithathayo beziya kungena emiphungeni zize zibangele zonke iintlobo zezifo!
Le ndlela inye isetyenziswa xa sikhupha umoya. Igesi yekhabhoni dayokhsayidi engafunekiyo egazini ingena kwiingxowa zomoya, ukusuka apho inyuka ngebronchi, ize ikhutshwe umoya.
Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-bronchi?
Inkqubo yethu yokuphefumla inokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezahlukeneyo. Kulapho sifumana ubunzima bokuphefumla nokukhohlela. Makhe sijonge kafutshane ezinye zezifo eziphambili kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Imeko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isifuba | Ukudumba kwexesha elide kwemibhobho ye-bronchial kubangela ukuba idumbe kwaye inciphe, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. |
| I-Bronchitis | Ukudumba kwemibhobho ye-bronchial ngenxa yosulelo. Oku kungaba lixesha elifutshane (elivela kumkhuhlane okanye i-flu) okanye ixesha elide (elixhaphakileyo kubantu abatshayayo). |
| I-Bronchiectasis | Imeko apho imibhobho ye-bronchial yonakele khona, ikhula ngokusisigxina kwaye yenze iingxowa eziqokelela i-mucus. |
| I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuthintelwa Kwemiphunga) | Iqela lezifo eziphazamisana nokuhamba komoya emiphungeni. I-bronchitis engapheliyo yinxalenye yale qela. |
| Icystic fibrosis | Isifo semfuza esibakho xa umntu ezalwa. Iincindi zomzimba, ingakumbi i-mucus, ziba nkulu kakhulu kwaye zinamathele, nto leyo ebangela ukuvaleka kwemibhobho ye-bronchial. |
Uyibona njani ingxaki nge-bronchi?
Ukuba kukho ingxaki nge-bronchi yakho, umzimba wakho uya kukunika iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ngayo. Ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi ziyaqhubeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha.
- Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ngamanye amaxesha okunomkhuhlane.
- Ukuphefumla kancinci (ukuphelelwa ngamandla): Ukuphefumla kancinci nokuba kukho imisebenzi emincinci, uzive ngathi isifuba sakho sixinene.
- Ukuphefumla: Isandi esincinci somlozi esiphuma esifubeni xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle.
- Ukukhohlela igazi: Ukukhohlela igazi elincinci eline-mucus.
- Ukuqina kwesifuba: Ukuziva ngathi ibhanti liyaqiniswa esifubeni.
- Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lokuphefumla: Ukuba uhlala ufumana umkhuhlane kunye nosulelo lwemiphunga.
- Ukudinwa: Ukuziva udiniwe ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezijonga impilo yebronchi?
Ukuba unezi mpawu zingasentla, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa imeko yakho echanekileyo.
| Uvavanyo | Wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| I-Spirometry | Olu luvavanyo olukhulu olulinganisa ukusebenza kwemiphunga. Lulinganisa ukuba ungakanani umoya onokuwukhupha ngamandla. |
| I-Bronchoscopy | Ityhubhu encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo ifakwa ngempumlo okanye ngomlomo ize ibonwe ngqo ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ze-bronchial. |
| Iskeni ye-CT | Indlela ekhethekileyo ye-X-reyi ithatha imifanekiso yemiphunga kunye ne-bronchi enqamlezileyo ize idale umfanekiso oneenkcukacha kwikhompyutha. |
| I-Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) | Oku kwenziwa kunye ne-bronchoscopy. Isixhobo se-ultrasound esisekupheleni kombhobho sisetyenziselwa ukuhlola iindonga ze-bronchial kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo. |
Singayigcina njani imigudu yethu yomoya isempilweni?
Kukho izinto ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu esinokuzenza ukugcina i-bronchi yethu kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla isempilweni.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Kuphephe ukutshaya icuba, i-beedis, okanye i-vaping. Le yeyona nkonzo inkulu onokuyenza kwimiphunga yakho. Ukuphefumla umsi womntu otshayayo nako kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Zikhusele eluthulini nakungcoliseko lomoya: Nxiba imaski ukuba ukwiindawo ezinothuli oluninzi okanye iikhemikhali. Gcina ikhaya lakho licocekile.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga kuyayomeleza intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga.
- Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo. Ziphephe iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ngexesha lobhubhane womkhuhlane nomkhuhlane. Fumana imigonyo efunekayo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kwandisa amandla omzimba okuzikhusela.
Khumbula, ukutshaya kuyayitshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka (cilia) yebronchi yakho, nto leyo evula ithuba lezifo ezinzulu.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba ukhohlela okanye uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, bonana nogqirha wakho wosapho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unenye yezi mpawu zilandelayo zesilumkiso songxamiseko , yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
| Ingxamiseko! Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko! | |
|---|---|
| Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ongwevu/omhlophe wemilebe, ulusu, okanye iinzipho (iCyanosis) | Olu luphawu oluqinileyo lokuba igazi alifumani umlinganiselo ofunekayo weoksijini. |
| Ukurhoxa kwesifuba | Ulusu esifubeni lubonakala ngathi lutshona phakathi kweembambo xa uphefumla. |
| Ukwanda kwesantya sokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, nokuba uphumle, ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| Ukuvutha kwempumlo | Ukuvutha kwempumlo xa uzama ukuphefumla. |
| Ukuphefumla | Isandi esiphezulu esivakalayo xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. |
Ibronchi yethu sisitho esixabisekileyo esikhusela ubomi bethu buthule. Luxanduva lwethu ukuyinyamekela singayivumeli ukuba yonakale.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ibronchi yinkqubo ephambili yeetyhubhu ezithwala umoya ukuya emiphungeni yethu.
- Ukongeza ekuhambiseni umoya, oku kucoca nokufumisa umoya.
- Izifo ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-bronchitis zidla ngokuchaphazela i-bronchi.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana nokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukuphefumla kancinci esifubeni. Bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukugcina imiphunga yakho isempilweni kukuphepha ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zongxamiseko ezifana nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
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