Yintoni iBurkitt Lymphoma? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula!

Usenokuba uqaphele isisu esibuhlungu kumntwana wakho omncinci, okanye iqhuma entanyeni okanye ekhwapheni, kwaye usenokuba ukhathazekile kancinci. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi ziqhelekile. Nangona kunjalo, kukho uhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga olunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wonke . Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ibizwa ngokuba yiBurkitt Lymphoma. Musa ukoyika xa usiva igama, kuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi kakuhle ngalo.

Yintoni kanye kanye iBurkitt Lymphoma?

Ngamafutshane, iBurkitt lymphoma ngumhlaza okhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu okhula kwiiseli ze-B , uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ikwiqela leemhlaza ezibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphoma, kwaye luhlobo lwe -non-Hodgkin lymphoma . Ihlala ibonakala kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala abancinci. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba sisifo sikaBurkitt, iBurkitt's lymphoma, okanye i-Burkitt's tumor.

Idla ngokuqala kwi -lymph nodes esiswini sakho okanye kwi-pelvis. Kodwa inokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho, ezifana nezi:

• Isisu (indawo yesisu)
• Ummongo wethambo
• Indlela yokugaya ukutya
• Indawo yomhlathi
• Ispleen
• Umqala
• Iindlala zeTonsil

Ngenxa yokuba ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingozi ebomini. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba ukuba unyango luqalwe kwangethuba, uninzi lwabantu lunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo . Oko kuthetha ukuba iimpawu ziyaphela kwaye ungahlala usempilweni ngaphandle kokuba zibuye. Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'kuxolelwa kwexesha elide'.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeBurkitt Lymphoma?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zale nto:

1. Uhlobo lwe-endemic: Olu luxhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika. Kufunyaniswe ukuba lunxulunyaniswa nentsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) .

2. Uhlobo olungaqhelekanga: Oku kubonakala kumazwe afana ne-United States, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana abancinci. Olu hlobo lubangela ngaphezulu kwama-40% e-non-Hodgkin lymphoma ebantwaneni.

3. Oku kunxulumene nokunqongophala kwamajoni omzimba: Oku kwenzeka kubantu abaneenkqubo zabo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka, nokuba kungenxa yezifo ezifana ne -HIV/AIDS okanye ezinye izizathu.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le nto? Ngubani oyifumana rhoqo?

I-Burkitt lymphoma ngokwenene ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, eMelika, uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwenzeka kubantwana abane kwizigidi ezingaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Luphakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-2% yazo zonke ii-lymphomas kubantu abadala.

Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci , ngesiqhelo phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 neli-12 ubudala.

Zithini iimpawu? Uyibona njani le nto?

Iimpawu zingavela ngequbuliso. Ziquka:

• Intlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza
• Umkhuhlane, ukungonwabi, ukubila ebusuku
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba ngokungalindelekanga
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo (zinokubonakala njengeziqwenga kwiindawo ezifana nentamo, emakhwapheni, nasemqolo)

Khawuthelekelele ukuba umntwana wakho ebekhalaza ngesisu kangangeentsuku ezininzi, engakwazi ukutya, kwaye ebila kakhulu ebusuku. Usenokucinga ukuba lo ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane. Kodwa ukuba ezi mpawu ziya zisiba mandundu imihla ngemihla, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kuba iithumba zeBurkitt lymphoma zinokuphindaphindwa kabini ngobukhulu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuthatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni esi sifo senzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Oogqirha abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela iBurkitt lymphoma. Nangona kunjalo, bafumanise ukuba inxulumene notshintsho kwijini ebizwa ngokuba yiMYC, elawula ukukhula kweeseli zethu. Le jini yeMYC inokuba nokusebenza kakhulu ngenxa yesiphene esithile sejini esibizwa ngokuba yi-translocation .

ESri Lanka, njengakwamanye amazwe kwihlabathi liphela, abanye abantu abosulelwe yintsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr (EBV) banesifo se-Burkitt lymphoma. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu osulelwe yi-EBV oza kuba nalo mhlaza.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokuvela kule meko?

Lo mhlaza unokubangela iingxaki ezithile, kuquka:

• Ukwehla kwenani leeseli zegazi (i-anemia, inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, inani leeplatelet). Oku kungadinga utofelo-gazi.
• Isifo seTumor Lysis : Esi sisifo esingxamisekileyo apho ibhalansi yeekhemikhali zomzimba iphazamiseka kukukhululwa kwezinto ezivela kwiiseli zomhlaza njengoko zisifa ngokukhawuleza.
• Ubuthathaka bomzimba (kulula ukuba uhlaselwe sisifo).

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninengxaki yokulawula ezi mpawu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Oogqirha bakuqonda njani oku kanye kanye?

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba unayo iBurkitt Lymphoma, ugqirha wakho angaqala ngokuthatha i -lymph node biopsy , equka ukuthatha isampuli encinci ye-lymph node evuvukileyo aze ayijonge phantsi kwe-microscope.

Ukongeza, ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zinokwenziwa:

• I-CT scan: Ukujonga iithumba esifubeni, esiswini, nakwindawo ye-pelvic.
• I-PET scan: Olu vavanyo lubonisa ngokukodwa iindawo zomzimba apho kukho umhlaza khona.
• Uvavanyo lwe-bone marrow biopsy: Ukujonga ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kumongo wethambo.
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar: Ukujonga iiseli zomhlaza kulwelo olukwi-spinal cord.

Zichongwa njani izigaba zomhlaza?

Oogqirha basebenzisa la manqanaba ukuze bafumane ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani:

• Inqanaba loku-1 (1): Umhlaza ukwindawo enye kuphela, okanye kwi-lymph node enye kuphela.
• Inqanaba lesiBini (2): Umhlaza ufumaneka kwiindawo ezimbini nangaphezulu kwicala elinye le-diaphragm , umsipha osinceda siphefumle.
• Inqanaba lesi-3 (3): Umhlaza ukho kumacala omabini e-diaphragm.
• Inqanaba lesi-4 (4): Umhlaza usasazeke ngaphandle kwenkqubo ye-lymphatic, kwiindawo ezifana nesibindi, imiphunga, kunye nomongo wamathambo.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ngenxa yokuba iBurkitt Lymphoma isasazeka ngokukhawuleza, unyango kufuneka luqalwe ngokukhawuleza. Iindlela eziphambili zonyango ezikhoyo zezi:

• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Olu lolona nyango luphambili. Amaxesha amaninzi, kunikwa ikhemotherapy enamandla kakhulu, kwaye iqalwa kwangoko emva kokuba isifo sifunyenwe.
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Oku kusebenza ngokunceda inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela ifumane kwaye itshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lwemisebe: Ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziswa kunye ne-chemotherapy, kodwa ludla ngokusetyenziswa kubantu abadala.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu: Oku kunokunceda ukuba umhlaza ubuya emva konyango.
• Utyando: Olu tyando alusetyenziswa rhoqo. Umzekelo, kwiimeko apho ithumba livala amathumbu.

Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?

Ugqirha wakho uza kucwangcisa ukulandelela impilo yakho. Ngala maxesha, angenza uvavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-CT scans.

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza :

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Ukuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwama-38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit)
• Ukopha kwempumlo okanye iintsini eziphuma igazi
• Intlungu engapheliyo
• Ulusu olukhanyayo okanye ukudumba okulula

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Wakuba ufumanise ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneBurkitt Lymphoma, ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Uphi umhlaza?
• Le ikweliphi inqanaba?
• Ucebisa luphi unyango?
• Ingaba mna/umntwana wam siza kukwazi ukuya emsebenzini/esikolweni?
• Ngaba udinga ukwenza uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo?
• Yintoni esinokuyilindela kwixesha elizayo (imbono)?

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo seBurkitt Lymphoma?

I-Burkitt Lymphoma ngumhlaza onokunyangwa kwiimeko ezininzi.. Isabela kakuhle kunyango, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala abancinci. Abantwana bayayinyamezela i-chemotherapy ngcono kunabantu abadala. Abantu abadala banokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo, ngoko ke unyango lunokuba nzima kancinci.

Ingakanani izinga lokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo?

Nangona iBurkitt Lymphoma sisifo esibi nesisasazeka ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwabantu lusabela kakuhle kunyango. Umyinge wokusinda ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Inqanaba lokuqala: Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yabantwana bayachacha kwixesha elide.
• Kubantwana abakwinqanaba eliphezulu: Phakathi kwama-80% nama-90% bayachacha.
• Abantu abadala: Iimpawu ezingaphezu kwama-50% ziyaphela emva konyango (`remission`).

La ngamaxabiso aqhelekileyo nje. Imeko yakho isenokuba yahlukile. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngemeko yakho. Ungoyiki, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesibindi.

Zeziphi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza? (Iingcebiso zokuzinyamekela)

Ixesha lonyango linokuba nzima kancinci, kodwa kukho izinto ezinokukunceda unyamezele:

• Fumana inkxaso: Ukuthetha nabantu abaye badlula kumava afanayo kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla. Kukho amaqela enkxaso apho abantu abafana nawe banokufumana inkxaso.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Nika umzimba wakho ixesha lokuphola.
• Yitya kakuhle: Funa iingcebiso kwingcali yokutya kwaye utye ukutya okuza kunika umzimba wakho amandla ngexesha lonyango.
• Cwangcisa kwangaphambili: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ulindele ntoni.
• Fumana uncedo kubantu obathandayo: Usapho nabahlobo bakulungele ukukunceda.
• Xhasa umntwana wakho: Kukho iingcali ezinokunceda abantwana ukuba bajongane necala leemvakalelo zesi sifo (umz., ingcali yobomi babantwana).

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kuqhelekile ukuziva uxinezelekile kwaye ukhathazekile xa ufumanisa ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneBurkitt Lymphoma. Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi kunye noloyiko. Kodwa awuwedwa.

Nangona lo mhlaza usasazeka ngokukhawuleza, iindlela zonyango zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuqala unyango kwangethuba kwaye likuxhase inyathelo ngalinye. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucinga kakuhle nokulandela iingcebiso ezinikwa ngoogqirha bakho.

I- Burkitt lymphoma, umhlaza, umhlaza wobuntwana, i-lymphoma, iimpawu, unyango, ii-B cells