Yintoni i-Cerebral Edema? Masifunde ngale meko iyingozi ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha waziva uxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga, ubunzima, okanye iintlungu ezingaqhelekanga ngaphakathi kwentloko yakho? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba yintloko nje eqhelekileyo, kodwa kunqabile, inokuba yinto embi ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, imeko ekufuneka siyiqaphele kwaye siyixhalabele kancinci yi -cerebral edema , okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza, "Cerebral Edema." Yintoni kanye kanye le, kutheni oku kusenzeka, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi esiza kuthetha ngazo namhlanje.

Yintoni i-cerebral edema? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, `(Cerebral Edema)` kuxa ulwelo oluninzi luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwithishu yobuchopho bethu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingqondo idumbe ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye. Khawuthelekelele nje, intloko yethu ifana neqokobhe eliqinileyo lekhokhonathi. Ingqondo yethu ingaphakathi kuyo, ikhuselekile. Nangona kunjalo, le ntloko ayinakukhula kwaye inciphe. Ngoko ke xa ingqondo idumba, oko kukuthi, xa ithishu yobuchopho idumba ngenxa yolo lwelo lugqithisileyo , uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwekhakayi, olubizwa ngoogqirha ngokuba yi`(Intracranial Pressure)` okanye `(ICP)`, luyanda kakhulu.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukudumba kwengqondo yimeko enzima efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo . Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, inokuba yingozi ebomini.

Le meko inokwenzeka nakubani na, ukususela kwiintsana ezincinci ukuya kubantu abadala, ngenxa yengozi okanye ukugula.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokudumba kwengqondo?

Ukudumba kobuchopho kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili:

1. Ukudumba kweVasogenic

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Olu hlobo lokudumba lunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana neethumba ebuchotsheni. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ulwelo luphuma kwimithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba luvuze.

2. Ukudumba kweSeli

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Cytotoxic Edema)`. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukwenzakala okukhulu entloko, okufana ne-`(Traumatic Brain Injury)` okanye imeko efana ne-`(Stroke)`. Apha, xa iiseli zengqondo zingafumani igazi okanye ioksijini eyaneleyo, ukudumba kwenzeka ngaphakathi kweeseli.

Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zimbini ziphambili, kukho nezinye iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga:

• I-Osmotic Edema: Olu hlobo lunokwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-Diabetes-related Ketoacidosis okanye amanqanaba aphantsi esodium emzimbeni (Hyponatremia).
• I-Interstitial Edema: Olu hlobo lokudumba lunokubonwa ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-`(Hydrocephalus)` (ukuqokelelwa kolwelo engqondweni) kunye ne-`(Meningitis)` (meningitis).

Kuqheleke kangakanani ukudumba kwengqondo?

Ukudumba kobuchopho kunokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke yimeko eqhelekileyo enyangwa ezibhedlele. Oko kuthetha ukuba kubalulekile ukuba sikuqaphele oku.

Zithini iimpawu zokudumba kwengqondo?

Ukuba ukudumba kuncinci, usenokungabi nazimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zingabandakanya:

• Intloko ebuhlungu: Oku kwahlukile kwintloko eqhelekileyo kwaye kunokuba nzima kakhulu.
• Ukozela okanye ubunzima bokucinga: Usenokungakwazi ukucinga kakuhle kwaye uzive ulele ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Utshintsho kwindlela oziphatha ngayo: Ungabona utshintsho kubuntu bakho, njengokuba nomsindo okanye uphazamiseke ngequbuliso.
• Intlungu okanye ukuqina kwentamo: Kuba nzima ukujika intamo, nto leyo ebangela intlungu.
• Ukugabha: Ukugabha, ingakumbi kusasa.
• Ukuxhuzula : Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso kunye nokuxhuzula.
• Iingxaki zokubona: Ukubona kabini, ukubona okufipheleyo.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha: Amagama angaqondakaliyo, ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngokucacileyo.
• Iingxaki zenkumbulo: Ukulibala izinto.
• Ukunyuka ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ubuthathaka.
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko . Musa ukuchitha ixesha.

Yintoni ebangela ukudumba kwengqondo?

Njengokuba kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokudumba kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wethu, kukwakho nezizathu ezahlukeneyo zokudumba engqondweni. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwenzakala kwengqondo ngokwayo, usulelo, kunye neemeko zokudumba. Nazi ezinye zezizathu:

• Ukulimala Kwengqondo Okubangelwe Yingozi: Khawuthelekelele umntu ewa ebhayisekile aze abethe intloko yakhe, okanye ebethelwa yibhola ngelixa edlala ikhilikithi. Olu hlobo lweengozi lunokubangela ukudumba kwengqondo.
• Umhlaza woBuchopho.
• I-Ketoacidosis enxulumene nesifo seswekile.
• I-Eclampsia yimeko enzima enokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• I-Encephalitis.
• Istroke esopha igazi.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi okuchaphazela ingqondo (Hepatic Encephalopathy).
• Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo engqondweni (iHydrocephalus).
• I-Ischemic stroke (ukukhubazeka okubangelwa kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi).
• Isifo seMeningitis.
• Iityhefu ezivela kwizinto ezifana neziyobisi, iityhefu, okanye ukulunywa yinyoka.
• I-Toxoplasmosis okanye ezinye izifo zobuchopho.
• Ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwimithambo yengqondo (i-Venous Sinus Thrombosis).
• Isifo Sokuphakama: Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"High-Altitude Cerebral Edema - HACE".

Ingaba ukudumba kwengqondo kuyasulela?

Hayi, i-meningitis ayisiyonto onokuyifumana komnye umntu, kwaye ayisiyonto onokuyinika omnye umntu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifo ezisulelayo zinokubangela i-meningitis . Umzekelo:

• I-Meningitis
• I-Encephalitis
• Toxoplasmosis `(Toxoplasmosis)`

Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanezifo ezincinci ezifana ne-sinusitis, nangona zingaqhelekanga, zinokubangela ukuba ubovu buqokelele ngaphakathi kwekhakayi, nto leyo ebangela ukudumba kwengqondo.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wale meko?

Kukho izinto ezithile ezinokubangela umngcipheko onokuchaphazela ukukhula kokudumba kwengqondo. Abantu abanesifo seswekile basengozini enkulu yokudumba kwengqondo ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-"Diabetes-related Ketoacidosis" okanye usulelo. Kuthiwa abantwana basengozini enkulu kunabantu abadala abanesifo seswekile. Abantu abanomhlaza okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka nabo basengozini enkulu yokudumba kwengqondo.

Oogqirha bafumanisa njani ukudumba kwengqondo?

Ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe kunye nabo bakungqongileyo aze enze uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo. Imbali yakho yezonyango kunye neempawu zinokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba aqikelele ngokwemfundo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka i-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan yobuchopho bakho.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluza kwenziwa?

Ukuze ufumanise ukudumba kobuchopho kwaye ufumane unobangela, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT Scan): Oku kuthatha imifanekiso yobuchopho enqamlezileyo.
• I-MRI Scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - I-MRI Scan): Olu luvavanyo oluthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekujongeni izinto ezifana nosulelo kunye nesifo seswekile.

Inyangwa njani ukudumba kwengqondo?

Injongo ephambili yokunyanga ukudumba kwengqondo kukunciphisa ulwelo oluqokelelene kwizicubu zengqondo nokulawula ukudumba. Oku kwenziwa ikakhulu ngamayeza notyando.

Amayeza okudumba kwengqondo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokudumba kwengqondo, amayeza owanikwayo anokwahluka. Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza anjengala:

• IiCorticosteroids: La ngamayeza anciphisa ukudumba nokudumba.
• I-Mannitol kunye nezinye ii-diuretics: Ezi zinceda ekususeni ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni.
• I-Hypertonic Saline: Le yinto enceda ekususeni ulwelo engqondweni nasekunciphiseni uxinzelelo.
• Izinto zokuthomalalisa: Gcina isigulana sizolile kwaye ulawule uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo.
• Izithomalalisi zomkhuhlane.
• Izinto Zokunciphisa Igazi: Zithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.

Utyando lokudumba kwengqondo

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ugqirha wezifo zengqondo unokugqiba ekubeni enze utyando olufana nolu:

• Utyando lweCraniectomy: Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye yentloko ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo engqondweni.
• I-Ventriculostomy: Kwenziwa umngxuma kwi-ventricle yengqondo kwaye kufakwa ityhubhu ukuvumela ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal ukuba luphume luye kwingxowa eluqokelelayo.
• Ukushukuma: Oku kuquka nokuhambisa ulwelo olugqithisileyo oluvela engqondweni ukuya kwelinye icala lomzimba (umzekelo, umngxuma wesisu) apho lunokufunxwa khona ngumzimba ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Ukususwa kwesilonda sobuchopho ngotyando, njengethumba.

Iziphumo/iingxaki zonyango

Utyando ludla ngokuba nomngcipheko wokosuleleka nokopha.

Amayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Umzekelo, ii-corticosteroids:

• Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya kunye nokutyeba.
• Ukuncipha kokuxhathisa izifo.
• I-acne.
• Utshintsho kwindlela ovakalelwa ngayo.
• Ukungazoli.
• Ukudumba okulula.

Ukusuka kwi-`(Mannitol)` nakwezinye i-`(Diuretics)`:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukonakala kwezintso.

Ngaba ungachacha emva kokudumba kwengqondo?

Impendulo emfutshane yile, ewe, unako . Ukudumba kobuchopho kunokunyangwa. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukunyanga unobangela kunye nonyango oluthe ngqo lokudumba kobuchopho.

Yintoni endinokuyilindela ukuba ndinomhlaza wobuchopho?

Isiqinisekiso sokuchacha emva kokudumba kobuchopho sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Unobangela wokudumba.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.
• Indlela okhawuleza ngayo ukufumana unyango lwezonyango ngenxa yokudumba.

Kungathatha ixesha ukunyanga ukudumba kunye nesizathu esiyintloko. Ukongeza, kusenokufuneka ujongane nezinye iimeko ezibangele ukudumba.

Ngaba ukudumba kwengqondo kungathintelwa?

Nangona kungekuko konke ukudumba kwengqondo okunokuthintelwa, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo: Ndwendwela ugqirha wosapho lwakho uze wenze uvavanyo olufunekayo.
• Lawula ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Sebenzisa amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha emyalele.
• Lumka xa udlala imidlalo enokubangela ukwenzakala entloko: Lumka xa udlala imidlalo enokubangela ukuxhuzula.
• Nxiba iibhanti zokhuseleko xa ukhwela iimoto, kwaye unxibe izigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela iibhayisekile kunye neebhayisekile.
• Fumana imigonyo efunekayo kwaye ulandele ezinye iindlela zempilo zokuthintela.
• Thatha amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo: hlala kude nabantu abagulayo, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka. Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko westroke.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga nokudumba kwengqondo?

Ukuba unengozi entloko, nokuba yencinci, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Ukuba ubetheka entloko ngelixa udlala imidlalo, okanye ukuba unesithukuthezi, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwaye ungabuyeli ekudlaleni imidlalo de akunike imvume.

Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kwaye uneempawu zokuqokelelana kolwelo okanye ukudumba kwengqondo, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha wam malunga nokudumba kwengqondo?

Usenokuba nemibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho malunga nokudumba kwengqondo, efana nale:

• Yintoni ebangela ukuba ingqondo yam idumbe?
• Loluphi unyango olucebisayo?
• Uyinyanga njani imbangela eyintloko yokudumba kwengqondo?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-cerebral edema, okanye "i-cerebral edema", yimeko enzima, enokuba yingozi ebomini. Ke ngoko, ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu zibonakala kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu. Kubalulekile nokuchonga unobangela wokudumba nokunyanga imeko esisiseko. Ngokulawula ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezingapheliyo kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela, sinokukunceda ukuthintela ezinye zezizathu zokudumba kwengqondo. Nyamekela impilo yakho, kuba yeyona nto ixabisekileyo onayo!

Ukudumba kobuchopho , Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwentloko, Ukulimala entloko, Ukosuleleka ebuchotsheni, Ukukhubazeka, Isifo semithambo-luvo