Masifunde ngqo malunga noHlolo loMhlaza woMlomo? Ngempilo yakho!

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esibaluleke kakhulu kubafazi abaninzi. Oko kukuthi, iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyanwe umhlaza wesibeleko kwangethuba, oko kukuthi, ukuhlolwa komhlaza wesibeleko . Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngale nto, okanye ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ukuxelele ukuba wenze oku. Kuvakala kuyoyikisa kancinci xa usiva eli gama, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki, oku akukukhulu kwaye akuntsonkothanga njengoko ucinga. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula necacileyo.

Yintoni Uvavanyo Lomhlaza Wesibeleko?

Ngamafutshane, ihlola umlomo wesibeleko sakho, inxalenye esezantsi yesibeleko, ukuba azikho iiseli zomhlaza okanye utshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza olunokuba ngumhlaza ngaphambi kokuba ube nazo naziphi na iimpawu. Cinga ngayo njengokubamba isela ngaphambi kokuba lingene endlwini yakho. Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba, kulula kakhulu kwaye kuyasebenza ngakumbi ukunyanga.

Okwangoku kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokuvavanya ugqirha wakho anokuzisebenzisa koku:

• Uvavanyo lwe-HPV: Olu vavanyo lweentlobo ze-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) ezinobungozi obukhulu, nto leyo ebangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. I-HPV yintsholongwane edluliselwa ngesondo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu osulelekileyo yi-HPV oza kuba nomhlaza.
• Uvavanyo lwePap (iPap smear): Eli ligama abantu abaninzi abaye baliva. Eli lihlola iiseli zakho zomlomo wesibeleko ukuba azinazo iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezinomhlaza okanye ezinokuba ngumhlaza ukuba azinyangwa. Le yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu ebisetyenziswa iminyaka emininzi.
• Uvavanyo lweHPV/Pap: Njengoko igama lisitsho, olu vavanyo luvavanya ubukho beHPV kunye neeseli ezingaqhelekanga kwisampuli enye ngaxeshanye.

Ngoko ke ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezifana neminyaka yakho kunye nemeko yakho yempilo ukuze amisele ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokuvavanya efanelekileyo kuwe.

Kutheni le nto ezi mvavanyo zibaluleke kangaka? Ngubani omele azenze?

Eyona nzuzo iphambili yokuhlolwa komhlaza wesibeleko kukuba kunokuthintela umhlaza wesibeleko . Oko kunokwenzeka njani? Olu vavanyo lunokuchonga utshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza kwiiseli ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngumhlaza. Ngelo xesha, unyango olulula lunokusetyenziswa ukususa ezo seli kwaye luzithintele ekubeni zibe ngumhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba esi sifo sinokumiswa ngaphambi kokuba sikhule!

Cinga ngako, oku kufana nokuchonga isifo xa sisesisityalo esincinci nokusinyamekela, endaweni yokusinyanga emva kokuba sikhule sakhula, sisasaze amasebe aso, size sifumane isifo. Isiphumo siba ngcono kakhulu.

Olu vavanyo luhlala luqhubeka kubo bonke abafazi abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-21 nengama-65 ubudala.Kubalulekile ukufumana olu vavanyo nokuba sele ufumene i-HPV vaccine. Kuba nangona i-vaccine ikhusela kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-HPV ezibangela umhlaza, ayikhuseli kuzo zonke iintlobo.

Ukuba uphakathi kwale minyaka iphakathi kwaye awukaze wenze olu vavanyo, akukabi lixesha lokuba uqale . Nokuba ungathandabuzi okanye uxhalabile ngokubona ugqirha, iingenelo zokuyibeka ecaleni loo nto uze ufumane olu vavanyo azinakuthelekiswa nanto. Kungasindisa nobomi bakho.

Zenziwa njani ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?

Oku kulula kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo uza kuthatha isampuli yeseli kwisibeleko sakho . Baza kusebenzisa isixhobo esithambileyo nesithambileyo esifana nebrashi. Oku akuyi kuba buhlungu kakhulu. Usenokuziva ungakhululekanga kancinci, kodwa kuya kuhlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.

Emva koko isampuli ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe. Kulapho bajonga khona ubukho bentsholongwane ye-HPV (uvavanyo lwe-HPV), iiseli ezingaqhelekanga (uvavanyo lwe-Pap), okanye zombini (uvavanyo lwe-HPV/Pap).

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) imisele izikhokelo zokuhlolwa kwala maqela eminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, umzekelo ukuba amasosha omzimba akho abuthathaka , okanye ukuba ukhe waba neziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kuvavanyo lwangaphambili, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo.

Ukuba uneminyaka ephakathi kwama-21 nama-29 ubudala

Ukuba ukule minyaka, kucetyiswa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu , ukuba iziphumo ziqhelekile.

Kutheni singaqali ukuhlola ngaphambi kokuba sifikelele kwiminyaka engama-21 ubudala, nokuba sisabelana ngesondo (kwaye ngenxa yoko sisengozini yokosulelwa yi-HPV)? Isizathu kukuba nangona usulelo lwe-HPV lusenzeka kubantu abancinci abakweli qela leminyaka, uninzi lwabo luyaphela ngokwalo . Kwakhona, ayizizo zonke izifo ezingaphambi komhlaza kwiiseli zomlomo wesibeleko ezikhula zibe ngumhlaza. Kwanabo bakhula, kudla ngokuthatha iminyaka eliqela ukuba bakhule.

Enyanisweni, ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwale mihlaza luphantsi kwaye isiphumo sayo siphumelele, i-American Cancer Society, umbutho okhokelayo womhlaza eMelika, isandul’ ukuhlaziya iingcebiso zayo. Bathi kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-HPV lwenziwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu, ukususela kwiminyaka engama-25 ubudala.

Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho wezifo zabesifazane okanye ugqirha wakho oyintloko uya kuba nguye oza kucebisa ishedyuli efanelekileyo yokuhlolwa kunye nohlobo lokuhlolwa kwempilo yakho, ngoko ke kungcono ukuthetha nabo ngale nto.

Ukuba uneminyaka ephakathi kwama-30 nama-65 ubudala

Ukuba ukule minyaka, uneendlela ezahlukeneyo onokukhetha kuzo. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa enye yezi:

• Uvavanyo lwePap: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu ukuba iziphumo ziqhelekile.
• Uvavanyo lwe-HPV: Ukuba iziphumo azibonisi ukuba une-HIV, zivavanyelwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu.
• Uvavanyo oludibeneyo lwe-HPV/Pap (uvavanyo lwe-HPV/Pap): Ukuba iziphumo ziqhelekile, rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu.

Zonke ezi ndlela zintathu zilungile kakhulu. Into ebalulekileyo kukwenza olu vavanyo ngendlela ekufaneleyo, ngamaxesha athile.

Ungazilungiselela njani uvavanyo lomhlaza wesibeleko?

Oku akudingi kulungiselela okuninzi. Kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokukunceda ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ngale nto. Ngokwesiqhelo, ithi:

• Musa ukwabelana ngesondo ngesini kangangeentsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Kwakhona, musa ukufaka nantoni na kwilungu lobufazi (umz. ii-tampons, iikhrimu zesini, ii-lubricants, njl.njl.) kangangeentsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Zama ukucwangcisa uvavanyo ngosuku emva kokuba ixesha lakho liphelile .

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha angalwenza uvavanyo nokuba usexesheni. Ngoko ke, licebo elihle ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngalo uze ufumane ingcebiso. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba ubeke umhla wokubona ugqirha, licebo elihle ukukhumbula ezi zinto zincinci, akunjalo?

Ngaba kukho umngcipheko kule nto?

Akukho mngcipheko wokwenene . Unokufumana ukopha kancinci emva kokuba ugqirha ethathe isampuli yeeseli zomlomo wesibeleko sakho. Kodwa ayihlali ixesha elide kwaye iya kuphela yodwa. Uvavanyo lwePap kunye novavanyo lweHPV zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu nezikhuselekileyo ekulweni nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ngoko ke ungoyiki.

Zinjani iziphumo? Zisixelela ntoni?

Kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezintathu ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zifike. Makhe sibone ukuba zithini xa zifika:

• Okuqhelekileyo/okungalunganga: Ezi zezona ndaba zimnandi! Ilebhu ayikwazanga kufumana nto ingaqhelekanga kwiiseli zakho. Ukuba ubuvavanywe nge-HPV, iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zithetha ukuba awunayo intsholongwane emzimbeni wakho (engalunganga kwintsholongwane).
• Okungaqhelekanga/okulungileyo: Oku kuthetha ukuba ilebhu ifumene iiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kuvavanyo lwe-HPV zithetha ukuba unentsholongwane emzimbeni wakho (ezilungileyo ngenxa yentsholongwane). Kodwa ungakhathazeki ukuba ufumana esi siphumo sokuba unomhlaza. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi seli ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa ziimeko ezingezizo zomhlaza. Umzekelo, zinokubangelwa lusulelo okanye ukurhawuzelelwa.
• Akucacanga/akwanelisi:Oku kuthetha ukuba ilebhu ayikwazi ukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iiseli ezivela kuvavanyo lwePap ziqhelekile okanye aziqhelekanga. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba azikho iiseli ezaneleyo kwisampulu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kuya kufuneka wenze olunye uvavanyo lwePap ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezicacileyo.

Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukufumana iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko . Ngoko ke ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka wenze ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze ufumane ukuba imeko injani kanye kanye. Nazi:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga iimpawu zomhlaza, ezifana nee-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo. Ukuba awuzange wenze uvavanyo lwe-pelvic ngexesha lovavanyo, oko kungenziwa ngeli xesha.
• I-Colposcopy: Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokukhanya kunye nokukhulisa (i-colposcope) ukujonga ngokusondeleyo iindawo zomlomo wesibeleko sakho ezineeseli ezingaqhelekanga. Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni iindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
• I-Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yezicubu kwindawo ekucingelwa ukuba ayiqhelekanga kwaye uyivavanye ukuze kubonwe ukuba inomhlaza na. Le sampuli ye-biopsy idla ngokuthathwa ngaxeshanye ne-colposcopy.

Iziphumo ze-biopsy zezona ndlela zodwa zokuqinisekisa ukuba iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ngokwenene ngumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, imeko engaphambi komhlaza, okanye into engenanto yakwenza nomhlaza.

Ndingambuza ntoni ugqirha wam?

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokuhlolwa komhlaza wesibeleko, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuyibuza:

• Ingakanani ingozi yam yokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?
• Zeziphi iimvavanyo ondicebisa zona?
• Ndifanele ndizivavanye kangaphi ezi zilingo?
• Ndingayilungiselela njani le nto?
• Zithini iziphumo zovavanyo lwam?

Buza imibuzo efana nale uze ucime onke amathandabuzo akho.

Khumbula, amanyathelo okuthintela anje ngokuhlolwa komhlaza wesibeleko kunye nokugonyelwa i-HPV anciphise inani lamatyala kunye nokufa komhlaza wesibeleko kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.

Ukufumana uvavanyo lwePap smear okanye lweHPV asinto esiyilindeleyo. Kodwa olu vavanyo lubalulekile . Ngokuchonga nokunyanga abantu abangaphambi komhlaza ngaphambi kokuba babe ngumhlaza, umhlaza unokuthintelwa. Kwakhona, umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ukuba ufunyenwe kwaye unyangwa kwangethuba, unokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Olu vavanyo lunokusindisa ubomi bakho.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Ngoko ke, bahlobo bam abathandekayo, kufuneka ndixelele bonke oomama neentombi zam, uhlolo lomhlaza wesibeleko lolona ncedo lukhulu onokulwenza . Alukho nzulu, kodwa ukhuseleko olulunikayo alunakuthelekiswa nanto.

• Thatha iimvavanyo ngokweshedyuli emiselweyo.
• Thetha ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto nogqirha wakho.
• Musa ukudala uloyiko olungeyomfuneko.

Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Olu vavanyo lulula lunokuba linyathelo lokusindisa ubomi. Ke ngoko, ndiyakubongoza ukuba wenze uvavanyo lomhlaza wesibeleko lube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yakho yokhathalelo lwempilo.

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, uvavanyo lwe-Pap, uvavanyo lwe-HPV, impilo yabasetyhini, ukuthintela umhlaza, uhlolo lwempilo, impilo yomlomo wesibeleko