Ngaba umntwana wakho akadlali njengangaphambili? Ngaba uhlala enomsindo ngalo lonke ixesha? Ngaba ukhala ngezinto ezincinci? Sonke sicinga ukuba abantwana kufuneka bahlale bonwabile, behleka, kwaye bebaleka. Kodwa eneneni, njengabantu abadala, abantwana banokuchaphazeleka kukudandatheka, imeko yengqondo esiyaziyo sonke njenge-"Depression." Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kunokuba sicinga. Kwaye, ukuba kuchongiwe kwaye kunyangwe ngokufanelekileyo, kunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Musa ukoyika ukuthetha ngako. Masithethe ngako ngokukhululekileyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-Childhood Depression?
Ngamafutshane, ukudakumba kobuntwana yimvakalelo yexesha elide yosizi olukhulu, ukukhungatheka, okanye ukuphelelwa lithemba kumntwana. Oku akusiyo nje intlungu encinci. Ezi mvakalelo zinokuchaphazela imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yomntwana, ubudlelwane bakhe, ubomi bakhe besikolo, kwanobudlelwane bakhe nosapho.
Abanye banokucinga ukuba le yinto entsha. Kodwa inyani yile, ukudakumba bekusoloko kukho kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana phakathi kwabantwana. Okutsha kukuba ngoku siyazi ngakumbi ngayo, sineendlela zokuyiqonda, kwaye siyazi ukuba inokunyangwa. Kwaye oogqirha ngoku bayaqonda ngakumbi ukuba ukuba ayinyangwa, inokuba yingozi ebomini.
Ndingazi njani ukuba umntwana wam naye unale meko?
Le yeyona nxalenye inzima, kuba abantwana, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, abazichazi iimvakalelo zabo njengabantu abadala. Endaweni yoko, bazibonakalisa ngokuziphatha kwabo.
Khawucinge nje, intombi yakho yayikuthanda ukuzoba nokudlala nabahlobo bayo. Kodwa ngoku ihlala yodwa egumbini layo. Kodwa xa omnye wabahlobo bakho efika ekhaya, uyancuma aze athethe kancinci. Emva koko unokucinga, "Owu... uphilile, mhlawumbi ungumntu okhathazekileyo." Kodwa eneneni, xa abantwana bedandathekile, usizi lwabo lusenokungabonakali ngamaxesha onke. Kukho amaxesha apho beqhelekile.
Ngokutsho koogqirha, uphawu oluphambili nolucacileyo lokudakumba kwabantwana yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -'anhedonia' . Oko kukuthi, ukulahlekelwa yikhono lokufumana ulonwabo okanye ukonwaba . Ukungakwazi ukonwabela izinto ezazikade zimnandi, njengokudlala, ukubukela iTV, okanye ukumamela amabali, akusamnandi.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone indlela abantwana ababonakalisa ngayo iimpawu zokudakumba.
| Uphawu | Indlela Ebonakala Ngayo Ebantwaneni |
|---|---|
| Usizi kunye nokudana | Basoloko becaphuka, bekhala ngezinto ezincinci, okanye basoloko benomsindo kwaye bexambulisana. |
| I-Anhedonia | Izinto ababezinandipha ngaphambili (ukudlala, ukudibana nabahlobo, ukuya kwiiholide) ngoku azifunwa. Bathi, "Andinakukwazi," "Andifuni." |
| Utshintsho ebuthongweni | Ubunzima bokulala ebusuku. Abanye abantwana balala kakhulu. (Kuqhelekile ukuba nobunzima bokulala kunokuvuka ezinzulwini zobusuku njengabantu abadala.) |
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya | Usenokulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, okanye ngamanye amaxesha utye kakhulu. Usenokunciphisa okanye utyebe. |
| Impembelelo kumsebenzi wesikolo | Uphelelwa ngumdla wokufunda, kuba nzima ukugxila, kwaye amanqaku akho ehla. |
| Iintlungu zomzimba | Ungathi izinto ezinje ngokuba unentloko ebuhlungu rhoqo okanye isisu esibuhlungu ngaphandle kwesizathu esinye. |
| Iingcinga ezimbi ngawe | Ithi izinto ezinje, "Andinamsebenzi," "Akukho mntu undithandayo." Isenokuthetha ngokuzilimaza okanye ukufa. |
Kubalulekile: Musa ukucinga ukuba umntwana wakho uxinezelekile kuba nje ebonisa enye okanye ezimbini zezi mpawu ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini kwaye zichaphazela ubomi bomntwana wakho bemihla ngemihla, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho .
Inyangwa njani? Ngaba ikho 'ipilisi yomlingo' yoku?
Akunjalo konke konke. Ukunyanga uxinzelelo lomntwana asinto inokwenziwa ngobusuku obunye, kwaye asinto inokwenziwa ngepilisi enye. Yinkqubo efuna unonophelo olukhulu nomonde. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango.
1. Unyango lokuThetha/Unyango lwezengqondo
Eli linyathelo lokuqala elidla ngokuba lelokuqala. Ezi ndlela ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka nakwimeko yomntwana.
- Unyango Lokudlala: Abantwana abaninzi abancinci banengxaki yokuveza iimvakalelo zabo ngamazwi. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha basebenzisa oonodoli, amathoyizi, kunye nemizobo ukunceda umntwana aqonde iimvakalelo zakhe, ezinje ngosizi, uloyiko, nomsindo. Oku kunceda umntwana ukuba ajongane nezo mvakalelo.
- Unyango Lokuziphatha Olusebenzisa Ingqondo (CBT): Le ndlela isebenza kakhulu kubantwana abadala nakubantwana abancinci. Ngamafutshane, inceda ekuchongeni iipatheni zengcinga ezimbi zomntwana ("Ndimbi," "Andikwazi") kwaye izitshintshe zibe zezibonakalayo nezilungileyo. Oku kunokuphucula indlela yokuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo.
- Unyango Losapho: Impilo yengqondo yomntwana ichaphazeleka kakhulu yimeko-bume yosapho. Ngale ndlela, akukuphela komntwana kuboniswana naye kodwa nabazali kunye nabantakwabo, kwaye kunikwa isikhokelo sendlela yokuxhasa umntwana njengentsapho.
2. Amayeza
Abanye abazali bayoyika xa besiva ngamayeza. "Owu, amayeza okudakumba kumntwana omncinci? Ngaba aza kuba nemiphumo emibi?" Olu loyiko lufanelekile.
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi kukuba oogqirha banika umntwana amayeza kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Kwaye bakwenza oko phantsi kweliso elibukhali . Amayeza afana neProzac aye afundwa kwinqanaba elithile ebantwaneni, kwaye ukhuseleko nokusebenza kwawo kuye kwaqinisekiswa.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo:
Ugqirha akaze nje anike umntwana amayeza aze amthumele ekhaya. Isicwangciso sonyango singumzamo weqela . Unyango oluthethwayo, iingcebiso kubazali, kunye namayeza, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kufuneka ahambelane. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuqala amayeza ukuze ujonge ngokusondeleyo impendulo yomntwana kunye naluphi na utshintsho.
Singenza ntoni njengabazali?
Indima yabazali kwinkqubo yokuchacha komntwana ayinakugqithiswa. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza.
- Mamela ngokukhululekileyo: Mamela oko kuthethwa ngumntwana wakho ngaphandle kokumkhalimela okanye ukumgweba. Endaweni yokubuza ngomsindo uthi, "Yintoni ingxaki yakho?", buza ngothando uthi, "Ndiyabona ukuba ucaphukile. Singathetha ngayo okwethutyana?"
- Funa ingcebiso kagqirha:Nokuba ubona utshintsho oluncinci, musa ukulutyeshela uze ucinge ukuba, "Kuza kulunga." Bona ugqirha wezifo zabantwana oqeqeshiweyo okanye ugqirha wengqondo wabantwana.
- Yiba nomonde: Oku akuyonto eza kuphola ngephanyazo. Unyango luthatha ixesha. Yiba nomonde kwaye uthande umntwana wakho. Zixabise izinto ezintle azenzayo.
- Nika inkxaso kusapho: Yenza umntwana azive ngathi akayedwa. Vumela lonke usapho luhlangane ukuze ludlale, luthethe, kwaye luchithe ixesha kunye.
- Hlala unxibelelana rhoqo nogqirha wakho: Xela ugqirha wakho naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo, alala ngayo, okanye atya ngayo, ingakumbi ukuba sele uqalile ukusebenzisa amayeza. Musa ukoyika, kuyinto eqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukudandatheka komntwana yingxaki yokwenyani. Asikuko okomntwana okanye abazali bakhe.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho uhlala enomsindo, elusizi, okanye engasathandi izinto awayezithanda ngaphambili, xhalaba ngaloo nto.
- Ukuba umntwana ubonakalisa iimpawu zokudakumba, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo ngaphandle kokwenza uqikelelo.
- Unyango alupheleli nje kunyango. Luquka iingcebiso, inkxaso yosapho, kunye namayeza anikwa kuphela xa kufuneka.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, umntwana wakho unokuba nobuntwana obonwabisayo nobunempilo kwakhona. Ngoko ungoyiki ukucela uncedo.
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