Ngaba uyayazi iSifo sezintso? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula.

Izintso zezinye zezitho ezimangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Zifana "nenkqubo yokucoca" emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa abantu abaninzi bacinga ngempilo yezi zintso kuphela emva kokuba zigula. Kodwa isifo sezintso sisifo esingena emzimbeni buthule, kodwa sinokuba yingozi.

Zithini izintso? Yintoni umsebenzi wazo?

Ngamafutshane, uneentso ezimbini. Zifumaneka kumacala omabini omqolo wakho, ngaphezulu nje kwesinqe sakho. Azingomalungu amabini kuphela. Zenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba izintso zakho azisebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olungafunekiyo ziqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni wakho. Oku kubangela ukudumba emilenzeni yakho, isicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, ukungalali, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Ukuba ayinyangwa, umonakalo unokuba mandundu kwaye izintso zakho zinokuyeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Le yimeko embi enokuba yingozi nakubomi. Makhe sijonge eminye yemisebenzi ephambili eyenziwa zizintso eziphilileyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zesifo sezintso?

Akukho hlobo lunye lwesifo sezintso. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sithethe ngezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo.

1. Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD)

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Lukukulahlekelwa kancinci kancinci kokusebenza kwezintso ngokuhamba kwexesha. Akwenzeki ngequbuliso, kodwa ludla ngokukhula kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi. Isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zezona zizathu ziphambili. Nangona i-CKD ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunokulawulwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila. Ukuba asinyangwa, ekugqibeleni sinokukhokelela kwisifo sezintso esikwinqanaba lokugqibela (ESRD). Kufuneka i-Dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.

2. Ezinye iintlobo zesifo sezintso

• Isifo sezintso esinePolycystic : Esi sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. Kule meko, ii-cysts ezininzi ezizaliswe lulwelo ( ii-cysts ) zikhula kwizintso . Oku kunciphisa amandla ezintso okucoca imveliso engcolileyo.
• I-Lupus Nephritis: I-Lupus sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela iiseli ezisempilweni. Kwi-Lupus Nephritis, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela izintso.
• I-Glomerulonephritis: Imeko ebangelwa kukonakala kwezihluzo ezincinci (i-glomeruli) ngaphakathi kwezintso. Le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka emva kokosuleleka yi-strep throat.
• I-Pyelonephritis: Olu lusulelo lomchamo oluvela kwizintso. Ukuba olu sulelo luvela rhoqo, lunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade kwizintso.

Zithini izizathu zesifo sezintso?

Izizathu zesifo sezintso zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.

1. Ukulimala Kwezintso Okubukhali

Kulapho izintso ziyeka ukusebenza ngequbuliso. Oku kunokubangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso (umz., ukulahleka kwegazi okukhulu ngenxa yengozi enkulu, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ).
• Umonakalo othe ngqo kwizintso (umz., amayeza athile, iityhefu).
• Ukuvaleka komchamo (umz., ukwanda kweprostate , amatye ezintso).
• Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa (ezifana ne-preeclampsia).

2. Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD)

Ukuba ukusebenza kwezintso kuphazamiseka kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu, kubizwa ngokuba yi-CKD. Izizathu ezibini eziphambili zezi:

• Isifo seswekile: Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini ixesha elide anokonakalisa izintso.
• Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphezulu: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lonakalisa imithambo yegazi ethambileyo ethwala igazi izintso.

Ukongeza, ukusebenzisa ixesha elide ezinye ii-painkillers (ii-NSAID ezifana ne-ibuprofen) kunye nokuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezithile nako kunokonakalisa izintso. Ke ngoko, musa ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa naluphi na unyango ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.

Utywala kunye nesifo sezintso

Utywala bubangela uxinzelelo kwizintso. Ukusela kakhulu kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kakuhle kwezintso. Kwakhona, ukusela utywala kakhulu yonke imihla kwandisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sezintso esingapheliyo.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo sezintso?

Izintso zethu zikrelekrele kakhulu. Nokuba zenza umonakalo ongakanani na, zizama ukuwulungisa kwaye ziqhubeke nokusebenza. Ke ngoko, xa umonakalo wezintso usenzeka kancinci, iimpawu zibonakala kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha, kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwaphela de isifo sibe sihambele phambili kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko isifo siqhubeka, iimpawu ezifana nezi zinokubonakala:

• Ukudumba kwemilenze namaqatha
• Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ubuthathaka
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nencasa yesinyithi emlonyeni
• Ukurhawuzelela okungapheliyo
• Iingxaki zokungalali
• Utshintsho kwinani lokuchama (ukwanda okanye ukuncipha)
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ngenxa yokuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni)
• Igazi elonyukayo

Ukuba unale mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze akunike icebiso.

Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngembali yempilo yosapho lwakho, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye neempawu. Emva koko baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukongeza, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ubungakanani benkunkuma (efana ne-creatinine kunye ne-urea) egazini.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Jonga izinto ezifana neeproteni kumchamo.
• Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso: Ugqirha wakho unokujonga imeko yezintso zakho ngovavanyo olufana ne-ultrasound scan.
• I-Biopsy Yezintso: Apha, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu esisezintsoni lize lithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze kufunyaniswe unobangela wesifo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?

Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango kukulawula iimpawu, ukunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) asinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

1. Amayeza

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjenge-ACE inhibitors okanye ii-ARB ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. La mayeza anceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi nokunciphisa umonakalo kwizintso zakho. Anokukunika amayeza okulawula i-anemia okanye ezinye iingxaki.

2. Ukutya

Izigulane zezintso kufuneka zilandele ukutya okukhethekileyo. Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, i-potassium, kunye ne-phosphorus kudla ngokucetyiswa. Kusenokufuneka unciphise ukutya kwakho iiproteni. Oku kungenxa yokuba izintso ezonakeleyo kufuneka zisebenze nzima ukususa ezi zinto egazini. Ulawulo lokutya lunciphisa umthwalo kwizintso. Kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha okanye kwingcali yesondlo ukuze ufumane oku.

3. I-Dialysis

Xa ukusebenza kwezintso kuncipha kakhulu, umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe zizintso kufuneka wenziwe ngomatshini okanye ngenye indlela. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Dialysis'.

• I-Hemodialysis: Kulapho igazi licocwa khona kusetyenziswa umatshini.
• I-Peritoneal Dialysis: Kulapho igazi licocwa khona kusetyenziswa i-peritoneal membrane engaphakathi kwesisu.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zombini ezi ndlela aze akuncede ukhethe eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kuwe.

4. Ukufakelwa kwezintso

Xa isifo sifikelela kwinqanaba lokugqibela, enye indlela kukufakelwa izintso. Kule meko, izintso eziphilileyo ezivela kwisalamane esiphilayo, omnye umntu, okanye umntu oswelekileyo ziyafakelwa ngotyando. Emva kokufakelwa ngempumelelo, i-dialysis ayisekho mfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza ubomi bakho bonke ukuthintela umzimba wakho ukuba ungalamkeli izintso ezintsha. Isifo sezintso, Ukusilela kwezintso, Isifo seswekile, Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-Dialysis, ukufakelwa kwezintso, iimpawu zesifo sezintso