Singathetha nge-lymphoma echaphazela inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo (CNS Lymphoma)?

Ngamanye amaxesha singazibona ngequbuliso iingxaki zomzimba, akunjalo? Intloko ebuhlungu, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye ukuziva ngathi asilawuleki. Ngamanye amaxesha asizihoyi kangako ezi zinto, kodwa zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esithile esinzulu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga kodwa oluyingozi oluchaphazela inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo.

Yintoni i-CNS lymphoma?

Kulungile, masiqale sibone ukuba yintoni le lymphoma yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, okanye `(CNS Lymphoma)` . `CNS` imele `iNkqubo yeNervous ephakathi`. Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lomhlaza olunzima oluvela kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi , oko kukuthi, ingqondo, intambo yomgogodla (intambo yemithambo-luvo ngaphakathi kwikholamu yomgogodla), ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (ulwelo olujikeleze le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo), kunye namehlo (kuba amehlo asondele kakhulu ebuchotsheni). Olu lolunye uhlobo lwe-lymphoma olubizwa ngokuba yi -`(Non-Hodgkin lymphoma)` .

Le lymphoma ye-'CNS' iqala kwiiseli zegazi ezimhlophe zomzimba wethu ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes . Ezi lymphocytes ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic. Ubusazi na, le nkqubo ye-lymphatic yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela . Inceda imizimba yethu ukulwa nezifo kunye nosulelo. Ngoko ke, ukuba le lymphoma ikhula kuphela kwinkqubo yethu ye-nervous central kwaye ayifumaneki kwenye indawo emzimbeni, siyibiza ngokuba yi -'primary CNS lymphoma' . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-lymphoma ikwafumaneka nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, kuquka nenkqubo ye-nervous central, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'secondary CNS lymphoma' .

Nangona lo mhlaza ungakhula nakubani na, ukhula ngakumbi nakubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka , njengabo bane -HIV kunye ne -AIDS , ingakumbi amadoda. Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 nabo basengozini. Nangona kunjalo, ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga. Kwanakwilizwe elifana ne-United States, kuphela malunga ne-1,500 yamatyala amatsha axelwayo minyaka le. Ngoko ke, nokuba imeko yakho injani na, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kukunceda ufumane unyango olungcono lokulwa ne-CNS lymphoma.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-CNS lymphoma?

Ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zale lymphoma ethi 'CNS'. Enyanisweni, iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba . Umzekelo, ukuba eli thumba likwiimembrane ezigubungela ingqondo kunye nomqolo ( i-'meninges' ), lisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ithumba kufutshane namehlo, kunokubakho utshintsho ekuboneni. Okanye, ukuba kukho ithumba kwinxalenye yengqondo elawula intshukumo, kunokubakho ukuziva ngathi akukho nto ibonakalayo, utshintsho ekulinganiseni njengaxa uhamba.

Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-CNS lymphoma:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ubuthathaka kwiingalo, imilenze, okanye ubuso
• Ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba (hemiparesis)
• Ukukhubazeka kokuva, ukungeva
• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia)
• Iimpawu zoxinzelelo oluphezulu engqondweni (intloko ebuhlungu, ukudideka, ukudideka)
• Iingxaki zokubona (ukubona okufipheleyo, ukubona kabini, izinto ezidadayo )
• Utshintsho kwimeko yengqondo (ubunzima bokuthetha, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuziva udiniwe)
• Ukuxhuzula (oku kunokwanda kancinci kancinci kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezininzi)
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo kunye nendle (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo kunye nendle)

Yintoni ebangela i-CNS lymphoma?

Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni ebangela i-CNS lymphoma. Njengezinye iintlobo ze-lymphoma, i-CNS lymphoma ikhula xa iiseli kwi-lymph nodes ziqala ukuziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Ezi seli zanda ngokungalawulekiyo , ziminyanisa iiseli eziphilileyo. Kwi-CNS lymphoma, iiseli eziqala ukukhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga zii-lymphocytes, uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ebizwa ngokuba zii-B cells .

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni i-lymphocyte iba yiseli yomhlaza, kodwa bafumanise ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokufumana i-CNS lymphoma.

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kwi-CNS lymphoma

Ezinye iimeko ezenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokufumana i-CNS lymphoma. Ezi zinto ziquka:

• I-HIV/AIDS (ingakumbi ukuba une- Epstein-Barr virus)
• Isifo seWiskott-Aldrich (WIS)
• Imeko eqhelekileyo yokungakwazi ukuzikhusela komzimba (i-CVID)
• I-Ataxia -telangiectasia
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okunciphisa umzimba emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba

I-CNS lymphoma ifunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokufumanisa ukuba unayo na i-CNS lymphoma. Olu xilongo lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cancer staging . Eli nqanaba lomhlaza linceda oogqirha baqonde ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani kwaye loluphi unyango olunokwenzeka ukuba luphumelele.

Kuya kufuneka wenze ezi mvavanyo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba : Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga impilo yengqondo yakho, umqolo, kunye namehlo. Uza kwenza uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo ukujonga inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (CNS). Banokwenza uvavanyo lwesibane esiqhekekileyo ukujonga ithumba elingasemva kweliso.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso : Ukubona apho umhlaza ukhoyo ngaphakathi emzimbeni, njenge `(MRI)`, `(CT scan)` okanyeUgqirha wakho unokuyalela i-PET scan. I-CNS lymphoma ayisasazeki kakhulu ngaphaya kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi. Nangona kunjalo, inokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi kuloo nkqubo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi : Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokujonga iiseli zakho ukuze zibone iimpawu zomhlaza. Oku kuquka ukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo , uphando lwekhemistri yegazi, kunye novavanyo lwe-HIV .
• Uvavanyo lwezicubu kunye nolwelo : Isampuli yolwelo lomqolo wakho, umongo wethambo , okanye ithumba ngokwalo linokuthathwa ukuze kuhlolwe iiseli zomhlaza.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-CNS lymphoma?

Enyanisweni, akukho ndlela inye yokunyanga i-CNS lymphoma. Endaweni yoko, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kucebisa isicwangciso sonyango esisebenza kakuhle kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, nokuba une-HIV/AIDS, nokuba umhlaza usandul' ukufunyaniswa okanye ubuyile emva konyango (oluphindaphindayo) . Rhoqo, kuya kusetyenziswa indibaniselwano yonyango.

Iindlela zonyango lwe-CNS lymphoma zezi:

• Unyango lweKhemotherapy : Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Iidosi eziphezulu zeyeza lekhemotherapy i-methotrexate (HD-MTX) zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-CNS lymphoma esandula ukufunyaniswa.
• Unyango ngemitha : Olu nyango lusebenzisa imisebe yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Olunye uhlobo lonyango ngemitha olunokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu yimitha yobuchopho obupheleleyo . Lubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuyo yonke ingqondo.
• Unyango olujoliswe kulo : Olu nyango lusebenzisa izinto ezifana neeproteni kunye nee-antibodies ukuhlasela iiseli zomhlaza. I-Rituximab kunye ne -ibutinib ziindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kulo ezinokuthi zicetyiswe ngugqirha wakho.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu : Kukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu, unikwa iiseli zegazi eziphilileyo ukuze zithathe indawo yeeseli zegazi ezonakeleyo ngenxa yonyango lomhlaza olufana ne-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha.
• Uvavanyo lwezonyango : Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwezonyango oluvavanya unyango olutsha. Uvavanyo lwangoku lufunda indlela amayeza amatsha onyango ajoliswe kuyo kunye neendibaniselwano ezintsha zamayeza e-chemotherapy asebenza ngayo ekunyangeni i-CNS lymphoma.

Ukuba une-HIV okanye une-AIDS, kufuneka uqhubeke nonyango lwakho lwe-antiretroviral (ART) ngelixa unyangwa i-CNS lymphoma.

Zithini iingxaki kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Unyango lwe-CNS lymphoma lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga . Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku kwangaphambili. Umzekelo, imitha yobuchopho obupheleleyo ibulala iiseli zomhlaza engqondweni. Nangona kunjalo, inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezinokuchaphazela indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho. Zonke iindlela zonyango zinemingcipheko.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengozi zesicwangciso sakho sonyango. Buza ukuba bayacebisa na unyango oluthomalalisayo, olunokukunceda ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nempembelelo iyonke yomhlaza ebomini bakho.

Ndingalindela ntoni kule meko?

I-CNS lymphoma ngumhlaza okhula ngokukhawuleza , kwaye unethuba eliphezulu lokubuyela emva konyango. Nangona kunjalo, ithuba lakho lokuchacha, okanye i-prognosis , lixhomekeke kwizinto ezithile. Ezi zinto ziquka:

• iminyaka yakho
• Imeko yakho yempilo iyonke
• Isimo sakho se-HIV
• Apho i-tumor ikhoyo khona
• Iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwekhemistri yegazi (ezi zinokubonisa indlela umhlaza oye wachaphazela ngayo amalungu akho angaphakathi)

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kusebenzisana nawe ukufumana isicwangciso sonyango esikunika ithuba elihle lokusinda ngaphandle kokunciphisa umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Ingakanani izinga lokuchacha kwe-CNS lymphoma?

Abaphandi baxela amazinga okusinda kumhlaza ngokujonga ukuba bangaphi abantu abanomhlaza othile abasaphila emva kwexesha elithile, ngesiqhelo iminyaka emihlanu. Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kubantu abane-CNS lymphoma limalunga ne-30% . Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abathathu kwabalishumi abane-CNS lymphoma bayaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi zibalo zibanzi kakhulu . Azithatheli ngqalelo ezinye izinto ezithile ezichaphazela amathuba okusinda kwesigulana. Umzekelo, ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ayibuthathaka, okanye ukuba i-lymphoma ayisasazekanga ngaphaya kwengqondo, isiphumo sihlala singcono. Kwakhona, la manqanaba okusinda awabonisi indlela unyango olutsha oluchaphazela ngayo ixesha lakho lokuphila.

Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ongcono kakhulu onokuchaza ikamva lakho ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho yempilo kunye nokuxilongwa kwakho ngumhlaza.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuphila ne-lymphoma kunokuba nzima kakhulu . Usenokuxhalaba malunga novavanyo kunye nonyango oluya kufuneka ulwenze. Usenokungazi ukuba ungabelana njani nabanye ngeemvakalelo zakho.

Kukwixesha elinje,Kuya kufuneka uzame ukufumana lonke uncedo olufumanekayo . Oko kunokuthetha ukuthetha nabantu obathandayo, nokuba kunzima. Okanye, kunokuthetha ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nonyango oluthomalalisayo okanye amaqela enkxaso . Uhambo lomntu wonke malunga nomhlaza lwahlukile. Kodwa kubalulekile ukunxibelelana nabanye kuyo yonke inyathelo lohambo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Nokuba i-CNS lymphoma yakho iphelile (oko kukuthi, awusenazo iimpawu zomhlaza), kuya kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ukuze ujonge ukuba ingaba isifo siphinde sibuye na. Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala emva konyango. Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lweemeko ze-CNS lymphoma ezibuyayo zenzeka kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizithathe ukuze ndibone isicwangciso sam sonyango?
• Zithini iingozi kunye neenzuzo zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango?
• Kuza kufuneka ndize kangaphi kuvavanyo ukuze ndibone ukuba umhlaza usabela njani kunyango?
• Ngaba ndiyafaneleka na ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ? Ngaba uyacebisa ukuba wenze njalo?
• Ungandicebisa ukuba ndinyamekele unyango oluthomalalisayo ?

Umyalezo obalulekileyo onokuwuthatha uye nawo ekhaya

I-CNS lymphoma yimeko enzima efuna ukubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango esenzelwe wena ngokukodwa. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo neqela lezonyango elinamava okunyanga i-lymphoma okanye umhlaza ochaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (CNS).

Iqela lakho lezonyango linokukuchazela iindlela onokukhetha kuzo unyango, likuncede ulinganisele iingenelo zalo kunye neengozi ezinokubakho okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye likuqhagamshele neengcali zokhathalelo lwentlungu ezinokukunika intuthuzelo njengoko ugqiba ngamanyathelo akho alandelayo.

I- CNS lymphoma, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, umhlaza, umhlaza wobuchopho, i-lymphoma, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, unyango