Ngaba ukhathazekile okanye ukhathazekile ngomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu? Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukuthumelele uvavanyo olumbalwa. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive uxinezelekile xa usiva ngamanqanaba alo mhlaza, ingakumbi iSigaba sesi-4. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Oku akuthethi ukuba awunakunyangwa. Kuthetha nje ukuba ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukunceda ukhethe unyango olulungele wena. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Ngamafutshane, iSigaba sesi-4 sithetha ukuba umhlaza owaqala kwikholoni yakho ngoku usasazeke ngaphaya kwelo nqanaba, uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho. Umzekelo, iiseli zomhlaza zisenokuba zisasazeke kwisibindi sakho, emiphungeni, okanye kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Ukwazi kakuhle apho umhlaza usasazeke khona kunokunceda oogqirha bakho bagqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olusebenzayo kuwe.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu?
Amaxesha amaninzi, umhlaza wamathumbu awubonisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zingabandakanya:
- Igazi elikwisitulo: Eli gazi lidla ngokuba bomvu okanye limnyama ngombala.
- Ukutshintsha ukuqhina kunye norhudo: Ezi zinokubangelwa nazizinye iimeko zempilo ezincinci. Kodwa ukuba le meko iyaqhubeka, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
- Isitulo esibhityileyo nesifana nepensele: Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho into evimba ikholoni yakho. Isenokuba sisimila okanye enye into.
- Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nobuthathaka: Ukuba uziva udiniwe ngaphezu kwesiqhelo, kusenokuba kubangelwa kukungabikho kwesinyithi ngenxa yokopha ngenxa yomhlaza.
- Intlungu yesisu okanye ukugcwala: Xa ithumba livala amathumbu, kunokuba nzima ukuphuma ngokupheleleyo endle. Oku kunokubangela ukuziva ugcwele esiswini.
- Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ukuba ngequbuliso wehla ngeekhilogram ezi-4-5 nangaphezulu ngaphandle kokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo okanye indlela owuzilolonga ngayo umzimba, oko kungaba luphawu lomhlaza, ingakumbi ukuba luhamba nezinye iimpawu.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba ithumba libangela ukuvaleka kwamathumbu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungoyiki ukuba unomhlaza kuba nje unezi mpawu. Kodwa ungazihoyi. Kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye uhlolwe.
Iimpawu zahluka njani ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza usasazeke phi?
Xa umhlaza wamathumbu usasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, iimpawu ezongezelelweyo zinokuvela ngokuxhomekeke kwisitho esichaphazelekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, lo mhlaza usasazeka kwisibindi, imiphunga, kunye nolwelo lwesisu (peritoneum). Ngamanye amaxesha, unokusasazeka nasemathanjeni.
| Isitho Esichaphazelekayo | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Isibindi Umhlaza ungasasazeka ngemithambo yegazi ukusuka emathunjini ukuya esibindini. | Ekuqaleni kusenokungabikho zimpawu. Kamva, iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, ukuziva ugcwele nasemva kokutya kancinci, ukudinwa, umkhuhlane, ukurhawuzelelwa, iintlungu zesisu, ukudumba kwemilenze, ukwehla kobunzima, kunye nokutyheli kolusu okanye amhlophe emehlweni (i-jaundice). |
| Imiphunga Iiseli zomhlaza zinokuhamba ziye emiphungeni ngegazi. | Kunokubakho ubunzima bokuphefumla. Iimpawu ziquka ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, iintlungu zesifuba, i-phlegm enegazi, ukuphefumla okufutshane, kunye nokwehla kobunzima. |
| I-Peritoneum (ulwelo lwesisu) Iiseli eziphuma kwithumba eliphambili zinokusasazeka ziye kule membrane ngaphakathi esiswini. | Iimpawu zingabandakanya iintlungu zesisu, ukungabi namdla wokutya, kunye nokwehla okanye ukutyeba (ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi). |
| Amathambo Xa umhlaza usasazeka emathanjeni, aba buthathaka. | Iintlungu zamathambo, ukwaphuka kwamathambo ngokulula, iintlungu zomqolo okanye intamo. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini anokubangela ukuqhina, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya. Ukungabi nangqondo okanye ubuthathaka emilenzeni okanye ezingalweni nako kunokubakho. |
Ufunyaniswa njani lo mhlaza? (Ukuxilongwa)
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze imibuzo ngokubanzi malunga nempilo yakho aze emva koko acele olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo.
Uvavanyo oluphambili
- I-Colonoscopy: Oku kwenziwa esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi. Ikhamera encinci kwityhubhu encinci nethambileyo isetyenziselwa ukuhlola ingaphakathi le-colon yakho yonke kunye ne-rectum. Ngosuku olungaphambi kovavanyo, kuya kufuneka usele ulwelo olukhethekileyo lokucoca i-colon yakho. Uya kunikwa isithomalalisi ngaphambi kovavanyo ukuze ungaziva ungonwabanga. Uvavanyo lunokugqitywa malunga nemizuzu engama-30.
- I-Biopsy: Ngexesha le-colonoscopy, ugqirha uthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwindawo ekrokrisayo aze alithumele ukuba livavanywe. Oku kuhlolwa phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho na iiseli zomhlaza. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umhlaza urhanelwa ukuba usasazeke kwezinye iindawo, njengesibindi okanye imiphunga, i -CT scan okanye i-ultrasound scan ingasetyenziselwa ukuthatha isampuli yesicwili ngokufaka inaliti esikhumbeni.
Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kunceda ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na emiphungeni.
- I-CT Scan (CT - Computed Tomography): Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo kakhulu yangaphakathi komzimba. Kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaza usasazeke esibindini, emiphungeni, okanye kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
- I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Oku kusebenzisa iimagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu angaphakathi emzimbeni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekujongeni ukusasazeka komhlaza esiswini nakwindawo ye-pelvic.
- I-Ultrasound: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yamalungu omzimba. Oku kunokunceda ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazeke esibindini okanye kwindawo ye-pelvic.
Inqanaba lomhlaza lichongwa njani?
Ingcali yezifo iza kuhlola isampuli yezicubu kwi-biopsy yakho phantsi kwemakroskopu ize ilungiselele ingxelo. Ingxelo iza kuquka oku kulandelayo:
- Uhlobo lweseli: Indlela ezibonakala ngayo iiseli zomhlaza.
- Inkangeleko yeeseli (Udidi): Indlela ezahluke ngayo iiseli zomhlaza kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo kunye nendlela ezikhawuleza ngayo ukwahlukana.
- Ukusasazeka komhlaza: Nokuba umhlaza usasazeke kwizicubu ezingqongileyo, kwii-lymph nodes, okanye kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
Kungathatha usuku okanye ezimbini ukuba ingxelo ye-biopsy ifike. Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa le ngxelo kunye nazo zonke ezinye iingxelo ze-scan ukuze abone inqanaba lomhlaza.
Ungaze woyike ukubuza ugqirha wakho nantoni na ongayiqondiyo malunga nonyango lwakho okanye imeko yakho yexesha elizayo. Lilungelo lakho ukwazi yonke into ngokucacileyo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kumisela unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lomhlaza wakho, iziphumo zovavanyo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu weSigaba sesi-4 akuthethi ukuba yonke into iphelile. Kuthetha nje ukuba oogqirha bakho baya kukhokelwa ukuba bakukhethele unyango oluphambili.
- Iimpawu ezikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu. Ngoko ke, musa ukoyika ngokungeyomfuneko, kwaye ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze akuhlole.
- Nokuba akukho zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lomhlaza wamathumbu ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngokweminyaka.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nemeko yakho kunye nonyango lwakho. Ungoyiki ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
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