Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi. Xa usiya elabhoratri unelo phepha, uza kubona ukuba libhalwe 'FBC' okanye 'CBC'. Abanye abantu babiza oku ngokuthi 'Full Blood Count'. Yintoni kanye kanye le CBC test? Ijonga ntoni? Ngaba le yinto yokoyika? Kulungile, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula namhlanje, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Kutheni ugqirha angacebisa uvavanyo lwe-CBC?
I-CBC (i-Complete Blood Count) luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo nolubaluleke kakhulu. Ngamafutshane, ibala iintlobo eziphambili zeeseli egazini lakho. Ezi ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha angayalela olu vavanyo.
- Njengenxalenye yokuhlolwa kwempilo rhoqo: Jonga impilo yakho iyonke.
- Jonga ukuba i-anemia ayibonakali na: Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba i-anemia yimbangela yezinto ezinje ngokudinwa kunye nokuphaphatheka.
- Ukuba urhanela ukuba kukho enye ingxaki yempilo: Fumana unobangela weentlungu zomzimba wakho ezingachazwanga, umkhuhlane, kunye nokudumba.
- Jonga imeko esele ikho: Ukuba unesifo esinxulumene negazi, jonga ukuba siqhubeka njani.
- Jonga imiphumo yamayeza: Fumanisa indlela amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi lawo asetyenziselwa unyango lomhlaza (i-chemotherapy), achaphazela ngayo igazi lakho.
Khawucinge nje, ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nemoto, uvavanyo lwe-CBC lufana nokujonga izinto ezisisiseko zemoto efana neoyile yenjini kunye namanzi. Lusinika ulwazi ngezinto ezininzi ezenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lwe-CBC?
Oku kulula kakhulu kwaye kungenziwa ngemizuzu embalwa. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba usebenze nzima.
Umongikazi okanye ingcali yelabhoratri iza kusebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthatha isampuli encinci yegazi kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Yiyo loo nto. Emva koko ungaya ekhaya. Baza kuthumela isampuli yegazi kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba wenza uvavanyo lwe-CBC kuphela, akufuneki uzile ukutya. Ungatya usele ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho ucele olunye uvavanyo, olufana novavanyo lweswekile egazini (FBS), kunye ne-CBC, khumbula ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo .
Zithini ezi zinto kwiNgxelo yeCBC?
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zithini iindawo ezahlukeneyo zolu vavanyo. Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi bubuchwephesha, kodwa ngenene kulula kakhulu. Ndiyibeke kwitheyibhile engezantsi ukuze uyiqonde.
| Yintoni evavanywayo (iComponent) | Kuthetha ukuthini oku? (Kuthetha ukuthini oku) |
|---|---|
| Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe (ii-WBC) | Ezi zifana nenkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu. Ezi seli zilwa neentsholongwane. Ukuba zininzi kakhulu , zinokubangela usulelo okanye ukudumba. Ukuba zimbalwa kakhulu , umngcipheko wosulelo uyanda. |
| Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu (ii-RBC) | Le yinkonzo yokuhambisa ioksijini ethwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ukuba la manqanaba aphantsi , usenokuba une-anemia. |
| IHemoglobin (iHemoglobin - Hb okanye Hgb) | Le yiproteni 'ebamba' ioksijini ngaphakathi kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Le yimbangela yokuba kubekho umbala obomvu wegazi. Eli xabiso libaluleke kakhulu xa ujonga i-anemia. |
| I-Hematocrit (Hct) | Oku kukuxelela ukuba lingakanani ipesenti yegazi lakho elenziwe ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Inani eliphantsi linokubonisa ukunqongophala kwesinyithi. Inani eliphezulu linokuba luphawu lokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. |
| Umthamo oPhakathi weCorpuscular (MCV) | Oku kulinganisa ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo beeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba zikhulu kakhulu , kusenokuba yi-vitamin B12 okanye ukunqongophala kwe-folate. Ukuba zincinci kakhulu , kusenokuba yi-anemia ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-iron. |
| Iiplatelets | Ezi zezona zinceda ekumiseni ukopha kwaye zenze amahlwili egazi xa usikekile. Ukuba inani lazo liyancipha, kukho umngcipheko wokopha. Ukuba inani lazo liyanda, kukho umngcipheko wokopha kwegazi ngokungeyomfuneko. |
Ndiziqonda njani iziphumo zengxelo?
Xa ufumana ingxelo yakho ye-CBC, uza kubona ikholamu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Reference Range' kunye nekholamu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Your Results' kunye namaxabiso akho. Ukuba iziphumo zakho zingaphakathi kwe-'Reference Range', kuthathwa njengesiqhelo. Ukuba zingaphantsi okanye zingaphezulu kwelo nqanaba, aziqhelekanga.
Kodwa nantsi into ebaluleke kakhulu : Olu 'luhlu lweeReferensi' lunokwahluka kancinci ukusuka kwilabhoratri ukuya kwenye, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, isini, kunye nokuphakama kwendawo ohlala kuyo.
Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki ngokuba ingxelo iphelelwe lixesha kuba ixabiso layo liyatshintshatshintsha. Qiniseka ukuba uyibonisa ugqirha wakho kwaye uyihlole.
Olu lwazi lulandelayo luza kukunceda ufumane umbono weendidi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.
- Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe (i-WBC): 4,500 - 11,000 iiseli/mcL
- Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (RBC): 4.5 - 5.9 yezigidi zeeseli/mcL kumadoda; 4.1 - 5.1 yezigidi zeeseli/mcL kubasetyhini
- I-Hemoglobin: 14 - 17.5 gm/dL kumadoda; 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL kubafazi
- I-Hematocrit: 41.5% - 50.4% kumadoda; 35.9% - 44.6% kubafazi
- Iiplatelets: 150,000 - 450,000 iiplatelets/mcL
Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe kwiNgxelo yeCBC
Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho uya kujonga ezi zinto ukuze aqonde nzulu. Ezi zihlala zibandakanyiwe kwingxelo ye-CBC.
- I-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH): Ingakanani i-hemoglobin ekwiseli ebomvu yegazi eqhelekileyo.
- Umlinganiselo weHemoglobin yeCorpuscular (MCHC): Ulinganisa umlinganiselo wehemoglobin egazini elithile.
- Ububanzi boSasazo lweeSeli eziBomvu (RDW): Bubonisa ukuba ubukhulu beeseli ezibomvu zegazi bahluke kangakanani omnye komnye.
- Umahluko weeSeli zeGazi ezimhlophe: Kukho iintlobo ezi-5 zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (iiNeutrophils, iiLymphocytes, iiMonocytes, iiEosinophils, iiBasophils). Olu vavanyo lubonisa ukuba zingaphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuchongeni uhlobo losulelo.
Zonke ezi xabiso zinceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane umfanekiso opheleleyo wempilo yakho, ngoko ke awunakwenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe kwixabiso elinye kuphela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-CBC (i-Complete Blood Count) luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo nolubalulekileyo olujonga iiseli eziphambili egazini lakho.
- Olu vavanyo lunika izikhokelo ezibalulekileyo malunga neemeko ezininzi zonyango, ezifana ne-anemia kunye nosulelo.
- Musa ukoyika ukuba amaxabiso akwingxelo angaphandle koluhlu lwereferensi. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubonisa ugqirha ingxelo yakho ye-CBC kwaye ucele ingcebiso kuye yedwa. Musa ukwenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe koko ukufunda kwi-intanethi okanye oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu.
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