Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuva? Isenokuba yi-(Conductive Hearing Loss)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha unengxaki yokuva oko kuthethwa ngokucacileyo? Okanye uva izandi ezincinci ngalo lonke ixesha? Mhlawumbi uziva ngathi ilizwi lakho liphezulu? Ukuba ezi zinto ziqhelekile kuwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele le meko sithetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`. Ungakhathazeki, le yinto enokunyangeka kwaye inyangeke kwiimeko ezininzi.

Yintoni "(Ukulahlekelwa Kukuva Okubangela Umsindo)"? Masiyiqonde ngokulula, akunjalo?

Ngamafutshane, i-Conductive Hearing Loss iyenzeka xa kukho ukuvaleka kwendlela amaza esandi ahamba ngayo esuka kwinxalenye engaphandle yendlebe yakho ukuya kwindlebe engaphakathi. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo kwindawo ethile embindini uze uyeke ukuhamba. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba isandi asikwazi ukudlula kakuhle.

Indlebe yethu yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: indlebe engaphandle, indlebe ephakathi, kunye nendlebe engaphakathi. Ukuze sive isandi, amaza esandi kufuneka adlule endlebeni engaphandle, angcangcazele ngamathambo amathathu amancinci (abizwa ngokuba zii-ossicles) endlebeni ephakathi, aze ekugqibeleni afikelele kwinxalenye ebuthathaka yendlebe engaphakathi ebizwa ngokuba yi-cochlea. Ukulahlekelwa kukuva nge-conductive kwenzeka xa kukho ukuvaleka kwenye indawo kule ndlela yesandi, nokuba kusendlebeni engaphandle okanye endlebeni ephakathi. Oku kunokubangela ukuba izandi ezinkulu zivakale zingavali kakuhle okanye zingavali kakuhle. Ngamanye amaxesha, izandi ezithuleyo kakhulu zinokungaphawulwa. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Conductive Hearing Impairment.

Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci . Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba malunga ne-19% yabantwana abakwiminyaka yokufunda esikolweni banohlobo oluthile lokulahlekelwa kukuva, kwaye i-93% yabo ibangelwa "yiConductive Hearing Loss." Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba akwenzeki nakubantu abadala. Abantu abadala nabo banokufumana le meko. Ngamanye amaxesha iba yeyokwexeshana, ngamanye amaxesha iba yeyokusisigxina. Kwaye inokwahluka ukusuka kwencinci ukuya kweyona inzima. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba inokunyangwa rhoqo ngonyango.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`

Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zinokubonwa koku:

1. `Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okuhamba ngecala elinye`: Oku kuchaphazela indlebe enye kuphela.

2. `Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa kukuhamba kwendlebe`: Oku kuchaphazela zombini iindlebe.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`? Ngaba nawe unazo ezi?

Jonga ukuba unayo na enye yezi mpawu:

• Ukuziva ungalungelelananga xa uhamba (oku kubangelwa ziingxaki ze-"Vestibular system" endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi).
• Ukuziva intlungu endlebeni .
• Ukuziva uxinezelekile okanye ubunzima ngaphakathi endlebeni.
• Isandi "sokunqakraza" endlebeni, okanye isandi sokukhala .
• Ukuva izandi kwindlebe enye okanye zombini ezibonakala zingacacanga kwaye zingacacanga .
• Kuvakala ngathi ungaliva ilizwi lakho ngakumbi xa uthetha.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

Kutheni siphuhlisa `(Ukulahlekelwa Kukuva Okubangela Ubunzima)`? Zithini izizathu?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le meko yenzeka xa amaza esandi engakwazi ukufikelela kwi-`(Cochlea)` endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi. I-`(Cochlea)` yeyona nto iphambili esinceda sive. Ngoko ke, kukho izizathu ezilula kunye nezizathu ezintsonkothileyo ezinokuphazamisana nokudluliselwa kwesandi.

Nazi ezinye zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukulahleka kokuva nge-conductive hearing:

• Ukuvaleka kwe-Earwax: Le yimbangela eqhelekileyo. Xa i-earwax eninzi iqokelelana endlebeni ize ibe lukhuni, ivala indlela yesandi.
• Izinto zangaphandle (fremdkörper) zinamathele endlebeni: Le meko inokwenzeka naxa abantwana abancinci, ingakumbi xa bedlala, befaka izinto ezifana neebhinzi okanye ii-peas ezindlebeni zabo.
• Usulelo lwendlebe: Usulelo lwendlebe , ingakumbi olo luvela rhoqo kwaye aluphili (olungapheliyo), lunokubangela ulwelo oluqokeleleneyo endlebeni ephakathi, luthintele ukudluliselwa kwesandi.
• Iithumba zendlebe, ii-cysts, okanye ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ezifana ne-"Cholesteatoma": Ezi zinto zinokuphazamisana nesandi xa zenzeka ngaphakathi kwendlebe.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwetyhubhu ye-Eustachian: Le tyhubhu idibanisa indlebe yethu ephakathi nomqala wethu. Ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, uxinzelelo olukwindlebe ephakathi lunokutshintsha kwaye ulwelo lunokuqokelelwa.
• Ukwanda kolwelo endlebeni ephakathi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nomkhuhlane: Xa ulwelo luqokelelana, ulwelo lunokuqokelelwa endlebeni ephakathi luze luphazamise ukuva.
• I-Otosclerosis: Le yimeko apho ukukhula kwamathambo okungaqhelekanga kwenzeka khona ngeenxa zonke zamathambo amancinci aphakathi kwendlebe. Oku kuphazamisa ukungcangcazela kwala mathambo kwaye kuphazamisane nokudluliselwa kwesandi.
• I-eardrum eqhekekileyo: I-eardrum inokuqhekeka xa kukho ukubetheka okukhulu endlebeni okanye xa usulelo lwendlebe lusiba mandundu.

Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kubantwana abancinci kukwanda kwezifo zendlebe kunye nokufaka izinto endlebeni . Kwabantu abadala , le meko idla ngokubangelwa kukwenzakala kwendlebe okanye enye imeko yempilo .

Izinto Ezibangela Umngcipheko Wokulahlekelwa Yindlebe Eqhuba Umoya

Kukho izinto ezithile ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ``Ukulahlekelwa Kukuva Okuhamba Nomoya''. Ukuba azinyangwa kakuhle, ezi meko zinokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kukuva okungapheliyo.

• Ukukhubazeka kwendlebe okubangelwa kukuzalwa: Le meko inokubangelwa ziingxaki zokuzalwa ezifana ne-`(Microtia)` (uphuhliso olungafanelekanga lwendlebe) kunye ne-`(Atresia)` (ukungabikho okanye uphuhliso olungafanelekanga lomjelo wendlebe).
• Usulelo olungapheliyo lwendlebe: Ukuba ulwelo luqokelelana kwindlebe ephakathi kwaye luhlala lungapheli, umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa kukuva uyanda.
• Umonakalo kwindlebe: Amathambo amathathu amancinci (ii-ossicles) ezindlebeni zethu aqhuba isandi angonakaliswa, nokuba kungenxa yokwenzakala kwindlebe okanye imeko efana ne-otosclerosis.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani iConductive Hearing Loss?

Ukuba unengxaki yokuva, inyathelo lakho lokuqala kufuneka libe kukubona ugqirha wendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ingcali yamehlo) . Uza kukuhlola. Uza kubuza ngeempawu zakho nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe waba neengxaki ezifanayo. Umzekelo, ungabuzwa imibuzo efana nale:

• "Uqale nini ukuqaphela ukuba awusakwazi ukuva?"
• "Ingaba oku kwenzeke ngequbuliso, okanye kuye kwanda kancinci kancinci?"
• "Ingaba elinye icala linempembelelo engaphezulu kunelinye?"
• "Wakha wakha wanesifo sendlebe ngaphambili?"
• "Ngaba uziva iintlungu, uxinzelelo, okanye ingxolo endlebeni yakho?"
• "Ngaba kukho umntu onengxaki yokuva kusapho lwakho?"

Ugqirha uza kuhlola umphandle wendlebe yakho ngokujonga ngaphakathi kuyo aze ayichukumise. Uza kusebenzisa isixhobo esincinci esikhanyayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-otoscope ukujonga ngaphakathi kwendlebe ukujonga naziphi na izithintelo okanye naziphi na iingxaki kwisakhiwo sendlebe.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe ngokuchanekileyo esi sifo?

Emva kovavanyo lomzimba, ingcali ye-otolaryngologist okanye ingcali ye-audiologist iya kukucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lokuva oluninzi. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwe-acoustic reflex: Olu vavanyo luvavanya indlela umsipha omncinci osendlebeni yakho ephakathi osabela ngayo kwizandi ezinkulu.
• Uvavanyo lokuqhuba amathambo: Oku kuthumela isandi ngqo endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi kwaye kunceda ekumiseleni uhlobo lokulahlekelwa kukuva onalo.
• Ukukhutshwa kwe-Otoacoustic (OAEs): Oku kulinganisa ukungcangcazela okunxulumene nezandi ezivela endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo.
• `(I-Pure-tone audiometry)`: Oku kunokufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi isandi esiphantsi onokusiva kwiipitshi ezahlukeneyo.
• `(I-Speech audiometry)`: Oku kuvavanya ukuba ungawaqonda kakuhle kangakanani amagama kwaye ngawaphi amagama angathethiyo onokuwaphinda.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Tuning fork: Uvavanyo olufana novavanyo lukaRinne kunye novavanyo lukaWeber lunokukunceda ufumanise ukuba ngaba unengxaki yokuva okanye olunye uhlobo lokulahlekelwa kukuva, olubizwa ngokuba yi-sensorineural hearing loss.
• I-Tympanometry: Oku kulinganisa indlela i-eardrum yakho ehamba ngayo kunye nendlela esabela ngayo kwisandi.

Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo zokuva, ugqirha unokufuna ukwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo yentloko
• Uvavanyo lwentloko nentamo
• Iiskeni ezifana `(MRI (magnetic resonance imaging))` okanye `(CT scan (computed tomography scan))`.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`?

Unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu sokulahlekelwa kwakho kukuva. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa kukusebenzisa i-conductive hearing kunganyangwa ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ukubeka esweni okusebenzayo: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho angacebisa kuqala "ukulinda ngononophelo." Oku kuthetha ukuba baza kujonga ukuva kwakho okwethutyana. Ukuba ukuva kwakho kuya kusiba mandundu, baza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango.
• Izixhobo zokuva: Izixhobo zokuva kunye nezixhobo ezifanayo zokuncedisa zinokukunceda uve ngcono ngokwandisa nokuguqula isandi.
• Amayeza: Ukuba ukulahlekelwa kukuva kwakho kubangelwa lusulelo, kunokufuneka uthathe amayeza. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika la mayeza ngohlobo lwamathontsi endlebeni okanye iipilisi.
• Utyando: Ukuba ithumba, i-cyst, okanye olunye uhlobo lokukhula luthintela isandi ukuba singafikeleli endlebeni engaphakathi, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze lisuswe. Kunokufuneka notyando ukuze kulungiswe amathambo amancinci (ii-ossicles) endlebeni.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba kukho unyango lwesi sifo. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.

Liyintoni ikamva labo bane-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`? (Outlook)

Le meko idla ngokuba ngcono xa unyango luqhubeka. Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa kukusebenzisa i-Conductive Hearing Loss kunokunyangwa, okanye ubuncinane kuphuculwe kakhulu, ngamayeza, izixhobo zokuva, okanye utyando.

Ngaba i-Conductive Hearing Loss ingathintelwa?

Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa kukuhamba kwendlebe akunakuthintelwa rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba kubangelwa kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwamathambo endlebe okanye ingxaki yokuzalwa kunye nolwakhiwo lwendlebe. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Musa ukufaka nantoni na endlebeni. Nee-cotton swabs azilunganga.
• Ukuba unesifo sendlebe, funa unyango ngoko nangoko.
• Bona ugqirha rhoqo uze uhlolwe iindlebe zakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, xelela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza :

• Ukuba ukuva kwakho kuya kusiba mandundu kancinci kancinci .
• Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa kukuva (ingakumbi kwindlebe enye).
• Ukongeza kwiingxaki zokuva, ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yendlebe, intloko ebuhlungu, ukungaziva, kunye nobuthathaka .

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba une-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`, kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo?"
• "Zithini iziphumo endinokuzilindela kolu nyango?"
• "Kuza kufuneka ndibuye kangaphi ukuze ndibuye ndize kulandela?"
• "Ngaba ukuva kwam kuya kuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha?"
• "Zeziphi ezinye izixhobo ozicebisayo?"

I-Conductive Hearing Loss ingenza ubomi bube nzima kancinci. Ingavakala ngathi ingoma oyithandayo okanye isandi seentaka ezikhalayo ngaphandle siyaphela kancinci kancinci. Kuqhelekile ukuba lusizi, uloyiko, umsindo, kunye nokukhungatheka ngale nto. Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi: I-Conductive Hearing Loss idla ngokunyangeka ngonyango. Okukhona ufumanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba yintoni ebangela oku, kokukhona amathuba akho okufumana ukuva kwakhona. Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninokuba ne-Conductive Hearing Loss, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoku uyiqonda kakuhle into esiyithethileyo namhlanje nge-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`. Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle (Conductive Hearing Loss) kwenzeka xa isandi sivalekile ukuba singafikeleli endlebeni yakho engaphakathi.
• Zininzi izizathu ezinokuchaphazela oku, ezifana ne-earwax, usulelo, into engena endlebeni, kunye neengxaki malunga nolwakhiwo lwendlebe.
• Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu kubantwana abancinci, kodwa kunokukhula nakubantu abadala.
• Ukuba uziva unciphile kwiindlebe, iintlungu, okanye uxinzelelo ezindlebeni zakho, musa ukungayinaki loo nto.
• Into ebalulekileyo kukuba kukho unyango olusebenzayo kwesi simo. Ukuba ufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza, ungaphila ngokupheleleyo.
• Musa ukufaka nantoni na endlebeni yakho xa uyicoca. Ukuba unesifo sendlebe, funa unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Iindlebe zakho zixabiseke kakhulu, ngoko ke zinyamekele. Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngento ethile, ungalibazisi ukuya kugqirha.

ukulahleka kokuva okuqhubayo , ukulahleka kokuva, usulelo lwendlebe, izixhobo zokuva, i-eardrum, indlebe ephakathi, usulelo lwendlebe, izixhobo zokuva