Ngaba unemibuzo malunga ne-cortisol? Masifunde le 'hormone yoxinzelelo' ngokweenkcukacha!

Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi " cortisol , " ingakumbi xa kuthethwa " ngoxinzelelo ." Kodwa i-cortisol ayisiyo "hormone yoxinzelelo" nje kuphela. Enyanisweni, yi-hormone ebalulekileyo edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje, masithethe nge-cortisol ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-cortisol? Ngaba ngokwenene 'yi-hormone yoxinzelelo'?

Ngamafutshane, i-cortisol yi-hormone eveliswa kwaye ikhutshwa zii -adrenal glands zethu - ii-glands ezimbini ezincinci ezifumaneka ngaphezulu kwezintso. Luhlobo lwe-hormone ye-steroid ebizwa ngokuba yi-glucocorticoid .

Ewe, njengoko unokulindela, i-cortisol inxulumene kakhulu noxinzelelo. Nokuba sifumana uxinzelelo olukhulu , uxinzelelo olungapheliyo , okanye uxinzelelo olubuhlungu, imizimba yethu ikhupha i-cortisol. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"stress hormone."

Iyintoni impembelelo ye-cortisol emizimbeni yethu?

I-Cortisol yi-hormone echaphazela phantse onke amalungu omzimba wethu kwaye ilawula imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni na.

Ukulawula indlela osabela ngayo kuxinzelelo

Xa uziva ingozi okanye uloyiko, umzimba wakho ungena ngokukhawuleza kwimeko "yokulwa okanye yokubaleka," akunjalo? Ngelo xesha, iihomoni ezifana ne-adrenaline ziyakhutshwa. Emva koko, ukuze uhlale uphaphile, i-cortisol iqala ukukhutshwa. Kwakhona, i-cortisol inceda ukukhupha i-glucose , okanye iswekile, kwisibindi sethu ukuze inike amandla afunekayo ngeli xesha.

I-Metabolism kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini

I-Metabolism yinkqubo nje apho imizimba yethu isebenzisa amandla ukuze iphile, isebenze, kwaye isebenze. I-Cortisol inceda koku ngokulawula indlela imizimba yethu esebenzisa ngayo i-glucose ukuze ibe namandla.

Umzekelo:

• Ichaphazela i-pancreas yethu, inciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-insulin kwaye inyuse ukuveliswa kwe-glucagon. Ngelixa i-insulin inciphisa iswekile egazini, i-glucagon inyusa amanqanaba eswekile.
• Ikwachaphazela izicubu zamafutha, isibindi, kunye nemisipha emzimbeni wethu, ilawula indlela esisebenzisa ngayo i-glucose.

Ukuthintela ukudumba

Ngexesha elifutshane, i-cortisol inokunyusa amasosha omzimba wethu ngokunciphisa ukudumba , okukudumba kunye nokubomvu emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanqanaba e-cortisol aphezulu rhoqo, umzimba wethu unokuqhelana nayo. Emva koko kwenzeka okwahlukileyo. Ukudumba kunokwanda kwaye inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela inokuba buthathaka.

Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi

Akukaqondwa ngokupheleleyo indlela i-cortisol elawula ngayo uxinzelelo lwegazi. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-cortisol anokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kwaye amanqanaba aphantsi ngokungaqhelekanga anokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.

Inceda ukulawula umjikelo wokulala nokuvuka

Ngokwesiqhelo, amanqanaba e-cortisol aphantsi xa silala ebusuku. Afikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngaphambi kokuba sivuke kusasa. Oku kubonisa ukuba i-cortisol inefuthe elikhulu kwisigqi sethu se-circadian , okanye umjikelo wokuvuka nokulala.

Imizimba yethu iwalawula njani amanqanaba e-cortisol?

Umzimba wethu unenkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu yokulawula amanqanaba e-cortisol. Iindima eziphambili koku zidlalwa yi -hypothalamus kunye ne -pituitary gland engqondweni yethu. Ezi zimbini zilawula ukuveliswa kwe-cortisol yi-adrenal glands.

Nantsi indlela eyenzeka ngayo:

1. Xa amanqanaba e-cortisol egazini lakho ehla, i-hypothalamus ikhupha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-CRH (i-corticotropin-releasing hormone) .
2. Le hormone ye-CRH inika i-pituitary gland imiqondiso yokuba ivelise i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi -ACTH (i-adrenocorticotropic hormone) .
3. Le hormone ye-ACTH ivuselela amadlala e-adrenal ukuba avelise i-cortisol aze ayikhuphele egazini.

Ngoko ke, ukuze kugcinwe amanqanaba e-cortisol asempilweni, zonke ezi zitho zintathu—i-hypothalamus, i-pituitary gland, kunye ne-adrenal glands—kufuneka zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-cortisol ayanda?

Xa amanqanaba e-cortisol ephezulu ixesha elide, loo meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-hypercortisolism . Oku kudla ngokuvela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Cushing's syndrome .

Zithini izizathu zokwanda kwe-cortisol?

• Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza e-corticosteroid (umz., i-prednisone, i-prednisolone, i-dexamethasone) ngeedosi eziphezulu.
• Iithumba ezivelisa i-ACTH – Ezi zihlala zikhula kwi-pituitary gland.
• Ii-cysts ezikhula kwi-adrenal glands kwaye zivelisa i-cortisol egqithisileyo.

Iimpawu ze-cortisol ephezulu

Xa amanqanaba e-cortisol ephezulu, okanye xa une-Cushing's syndrome, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukwanda kobunzima , ingakumbi ebusweni nasesiswini.
• Amanqatha ahlala emqolo phakathi kwamagxa (iqhubu elifana neqhubu le-buffalo).
• Ukubonakala kweempawu ezibanzi nezimfusa esiswini.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha kwiingalo nasemathangeni angaphezulu.
• Ukwanda kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini , okunokubangela isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini.
• Igazi elonyukayo .
• Ukukhula kweenwele okungafunekiyo kubasetyhini – imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hirsutism .
• Ukubuthathaka kwamathambo – I-Osteoporosis kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo kunokwenzeka.

Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-cortisol ehla?

Xa amanqanaba e-cortisol esezantsi kunesiqhelo, oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yi -hypocortisolism , okanye i-adrenal insufficiency . Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale nto.

Zithini izizathu zokuba i-cortisol iphantsi?

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal: Oku kudla ngokubangelwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ehlasela amadlala e-adrenal. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba sisifo sika-Addison .
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal yesibini: Oku kwenzeka ukuba i-pituitary gland ayisebenzi kakuhle ( hypopituitarism ) okanye ukuba kukho ithumba le-pituitary.

Iimpawu ze-cortisol ephantsi

Xa amanqanaba e-cortisol ephantsi, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu (ndidiniwe).
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngengozi.
• Ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi .

Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-cortisol?

Ukuba unesifo esifana ne-Cushing's syndrome, unokufuna unyango ukuze wehlise amanqanaba akho e-cortisol. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya amayeza kunye/okanye utyando. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ukunceda ukulawula amanqanaba ethu e-cortisol:

• Lala kakuhle: Iingxaki ezifana nokungalali kakuhle nokusebenza ebusuku zinokunyusa amanqanaba e-cortisol.
• Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kuphucula umgangatho wokulala kwaye kunciphisa uxinzelelo.
• Ziqhelise ukuphefumla nzulu: Ukuphefumla ngendlela elawulekayo kuvuselela inkqubo yethu ye-parasympathetic nervous system – inkqubo ezolisa umzimba wethu kwaye ilawula “ukuphumla nokugaya”.
• Yonwaba uze uncume: Xa uncuma, iihomoni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-endorphins ziyakhutshwa kwaye amanqanaba e-cortisol ayancitshiswa.
• Gcina ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kwabantu: Ubudlelwane obuhlala buneengxaki nobuxinezelekileyo bunokubangela uxinezeleko oluqhubekayo.