Zithini iihomoni? Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zingaphi izinto ezenzekayo emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokuba ungazi? Ukuphefumla kwakho, ukugaya kwakho, iimvakalelo zakho zolonwabo nosizi, zonke ezi zinto zibangelwa zizithunywa ezincinci. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-hormones zezithunywa. Zifana nemiyalezo eyimfihlo emizimbeni yethu, ehamba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, isixelela ukuba, 'Yenza oku, yenza oku.' Ngoko ke, ngaba singathetha ngezi hormone zimangalisayo namhlanje?

Ngoko ke zithini ezi hormone?

Ngamafutshane, iihomoni zizithunywa zeekhemikhali emizimbeni yethu. Zihambahamba emizimbeni yethu ngegazi lethu, zixelela amalungu ethu ahlukeneyo, ulusu, kunye nezihlunu ukuba zenze oku nokuya. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ukuba imizimba yethu ibiyinkampani enkulu, iihomoni beziza kufana nabaphathi bayo, zilungelelanise yonke into.

Ubusazi na ukuba izazinzulu sele zifumene iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50 zeehomoni emizimbeni yethu! Ezi homoni zibalulekile ebomini bethu nakwimpilo yethu. Xa zidibene, ezi kunye namadlala azivelisayo zakha inkqubo yethu ye-endocrine . Le nkqubo ilawula iinkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• I-Metabolism: Le yinkqubo yokuguqula ukutya esikutyayo kube ngamandla.
• I-Homeostasis: Oku kuthetha ibhalansi emzimbeni (umz. uxinzelelo lwegazi, inqanaba leswekile, ubushushu bomzimba).
• Ukukhula nophuhliso: Sikhula sisebuntwaneni.
• Umsebenzi wesondo kunye nokuzala.
• Umjikelo wokulala nokuvuka: Silala ebusuku size sivuke kusasa.
• Imvakalelo: Iimvakalelo ezinje ngokuba sonwabile okanye sibuhlungu.

Kuyamangalisa ukucinga ukuba ezi khemikhali zincinci zinokwenza ntoni na! Kwimeko yeehomoni, nokuba zincinci kakhulu zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu. Yiyo loo nto notshintsho oluncinci kumanqanaba eehomoni lunokubangela utshintsho olukhulu emizimbeni yethu, ngamanye amaxesha lubangele nezifo ezifuna unyango.

Ngoko ke la ma-hormone asebenza njani emzimbeni?

Kulungile, ngoku siyazi ukuba iihomoni zizithunywa. Ngoko ke ezi miyalezo zithunyelwa njani? Ngubani oziva ezi miyalezo?

Kaloku, iihomoni zizithunywa zeekhemikhali . Ziphembelela kwaye zilawula amakhulu eenkqubo emizimbeni yethu. Rhoqo, inkqubo enye emzimbeni ifuna igalelo leehomoni ezininzi. Njengeekhonkco kwitsheyini, enye ihomoni ithumela umyalezo kwenye, ethi yona ithumele umyalezo kwenye, njalo njalo.

Ngoku, ukuze i-hormone ichaphazele inxalenye enye yomzimba kuphela, kufuneka "ibe yinto elungileyo." Oko kukuthi, iiseli ezikwizicubu ezijongwa yi-hormone (ingaba lilungu, ingaba sisicwili samafutha) kufuneka zibe "nee-receptors" ezikhethekileyo ezinokwamkela umyalezo we-hormone. Cinga ngayo ngathi i-hormone sisitshixo, kwaye iiseli ezikwizicubu ezijongiweyo zifana nezitshixo ezenzelwe ukulingana neso sitshixo.Kanye njengokuba isitshixo sinokuvula ucango kuphela xa singena kwisitshixo, ihormone inokusebenza kuphela xa ingena kwi-receptor. Kulapho ke ihormone ithumela umyalezo ewuzisileyo, ixelela loo mntu ukuba enze into ethile. Uyaqonda?

Nangona kubonakala kulula kakhulu, le yindlela emangalisayo! "Iswitshi" esebenza kwihomoni nganye ikwindawo yayo ehambelanayo. Yiyo loo nto ihomoni enye yenza kuphela oko kufanele ukuba ikwenze, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela umzimba wonke.

Imizimba yethu isebenzisa iihomoni ngeendlela ezimbini ukunxibelelana.

1. Indlela yokuqala kukunxibelelana phakathi kwamadlala amabini e-endocrine: Elinye idlala likhupha i-hormone, ethi emva koko ikhuthaze elinye idlala ukuba litshintshe amanqanaba e-hormone eliyikhuphayo. Umzekelo omhle lulwalamano phakathi kwe-pituitary gland yakho kunye ne-thyroid gland yakho . I-pituitary gland ikhupha into ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) . Le TSH iqhubeka nokuxelela i-thyroid gland ukuba "ikhuphe ii-hormone zakho."

2. Indlela yesibini kukunxibelelana phakathi kwe-endocrine gland kunye nelungu elithile: Umzekelo, i-pancreas yakho ikhupha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin . Le insulin iya kwimisipha yakho nesibindi, izincede ekusebenziseni uhlobo lweswekile ebizwa ngokuba yi-glucose .

Le yindlela esebenza ngayo iihomoni emizimbeni yethu. Kufana nenethiwekhi entsonkothileyo, akunjalo?

Ngubani owenza ezi hormone zixabisekileyo? Ziveliswa phi?

Iindawo eziphambili emzimbeni wethu ezenza iihomoni ziindlala zenkqubo ye-endocrine . Masijonge ngokukhawuleza ezinye zazo kunye nemisebenzi yazo ephambili:

I-Hypothalamus

Ifumaneka engqondweni, le gland ilawula i-pituitary gland kwaye ivelisa iihomoni ezifana ne -oxytocin (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-love hormone).

Indawo yolwimi lamathe

Le 'master gland' engaphantsi kwengqondo ivelisa iihomoni ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, ezifana ne -growth hormone (GH) , kwaye ikwalawula nezinye iihomoni.

I-Pineal Gland

Le hormone engqondweni ivelisa i-melatonin kwaye ilawula umjikelo wethu wokulala nokuvuka.

Indlala yegilo

Le gland entanyeni ivelisa iihomoni ze-thyroid (T3, T4) kwaye ilawula imetabolism yomzimba wethu, oko kukuthi, isantya esisebenzisa ngaso amandla.

Iindlala zeParathyroid

Ezi glands, ezikwi-thyroid, zivelisa i-parathyroid hormone (PTH) ukugcina amanqanaba e-calcium egazini kunye nempilo yamathambo.

Ii-Adrenal Glands

Ezi glands, ezikwizintso, zivelisa iihomoni ezifana ne -cortisol ( ihomoni ephendula kuxinzelelo) kunye ne-adrenaline (ihomoni esebenza kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo).

I-Pancreas

Le gland esesiswini inoxanduva lokwenza i-insulin kunye ne-glucagon kwaye ilawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini.

Amaqanda

Ezi glands kubasetyhini zivelisa iihomoni zokuzala ezifana ne -estrogen kunye ne-progesterone .

Amasende (Amasende)

Ezi zinto zivelisa i-hormone ephambili yamadoda, i-testosterone .

Ukongeza kwezi glands, kukho nezinye iindawo ezingezizo ezenkqubo ye-endocrine, kodwa ezenza iihomoni:

• Izicubu zamafutha: Amafutha emzimbeni avelisa iihomoni ezifana ne -leptin , ezichaphazela umnqweno wokutya.
• Izintso: Zivelisa iihomoni ezifana ne -erythropoietin, enceda ekwenzeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. I-Vitamin D (eyi-prohormone eneneni) nayo iyasebenza apha.
• Isibindi: Sivelisa i-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), enxulumene nokukhula.
• Amathumbu: Ivelisa iihomoni ezifana ne -ghrelin kunye ne-glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) , ezilawula indlala kunye nomdla wokutya.
• I-Placenta: Ivelisa iihomoni zokugcina ukukhulelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Jonga ukuba zingaphi iindawo emizimbeni yethu ezivelisa nezikhupha ezi zithunywa zibizwa ngokuba zii-hormones! Siphilile kuba zonke ezi zinto zisebenza ngokulungelelaniswa ngokugqibeleleyo.

Kuthekani ukuba kukho iingxaki ze-hormone?

Ukuba kukho ukunqongophala okanye ukugqithisa kwezi hormone zibalulekileyo, oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho 'ukungalingani kweehomoni' , iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokuvela kwaye iingxaki zempilo zinokuvela. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kufuna unyango. Ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene neehomoni zezi:

• Isifo seswekile: Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu yingxaki yokusebenza okanye ukuveliswa kwehomoni ye-insulin. Kukwakho neentlobo ezifana nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini , isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, kunye nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa .
• Isifo se-thyroid: Oku kuquka amanqanaba aphantsi e-thyroid hormone ( hypothyroidism ) kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-thyroid hormone ( hyperthyroidism ).
• Ukungahlali kakuhle kwenyanga: Oku kunokubangelwa zizifo ezifana ne- polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) , ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwenyanga ( i-amenorrhea ), kunye nokungabikho kwe-ovulation ( i-anovulation) .
• Ukungazali kwabasetyhini kunye nokungazali kwamadoda: ingakumbi amanqanaba aphantsi e-testosterone kumadoda (Ukungabi nazintloni (i-hypogonadism).
• Ukutyeba kakhulu: Oku kunokuchaphazeleka nakukungalingani kwamahomoni.

Zininzi ezinye iimeko ezifana nale ezibangelwa ziingxaki zehomoni. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nantoni na engaqhelekanga okanye eyahlukileyo emzimbeni wakho.

Kutheni le nto kukho ukungalingani kwamahomoni?

Zininzi izizathu zengxaki nganye yehomoni. Kodwa ngokubanzi, nazi ezinye zezona zizathu ziphambili zokungalingani kwehomoni:

• Iithumba, ii-adenoma, okanye ezinye izihluma: Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokukhula ngaphakathi okanye zijikeleze amadlala e-endocrine kwaye zichaphazele ukuveliswa kweehomoni.
• Ukonakala okanye ukwenzakala kwi-endocrine gland.
• Iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba: Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasela amadlala ethu e-endocrine.
• Utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo oludluliselwa kwilifa: Ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zehomoni zinokubangelwa lutshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo olubakho ekuzalweni.

Ukongeza koku, izinto ezifana namayeza athile, uxinzelelo olunzima, ukunqongophala kokutya, kunye nokwaluphala nazo zinokuchaphazela amanqanaba eehomoni.

Ngubani onyanga isifo esinxulumene nama-hormone?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yehomoni, kufuneka uqale ubonane nogqirha wakho wosapho (uMniki-nkonzo wezempilo oyintloko/uGqirha wezilwanyana) . Uyakwazi ukuxilonga nokunyanga iingxaki ezininzi zehomoni aze akuncede uzilawule.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ungazuza ngakumbi ngokubonana nogqirha we-endocrinologist . Ugqirha we-endocrinologist ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo ezinxulumene namahomoni (i-endocrinology) . Uyakwazi ukufumanisa ezi zifo ezinxulumene namahomoni, enze izicwangciso zonyango, aze akunike amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngoko ke, ukuba ugqirha wakho wosapho ucinga ukuba kuyimfuneko, uza kukuthumela kwi-endocrinologist.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule koko sithethe ngako namhlanje?

Ngamafutshane, iihomoni zibalulekile ebomini bethu. Imizimba yethu idla ngokuzama ukugcina ulungelelwano olucokisekileyo lwala mahomoni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngesizathu esithile ihomoni iba phantsi kakhulu okanye iphezulu kakhulu, inokubangela iingxaki zempilo .

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga okanye utshintsho emzimbeni wakho, musa ukuzityeshela. Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha uze uthethe ngako. Emva koko angenza uvavanyo olufunekayo ukuze abone ukuba ngokwenene une-hormone imbalance, okanye ukuba kukho esinye isizathu esibangela ezi mpawu. Ukuba uzichonga kwangethuba, iingxaki ezininzi zinokusonjululwa lula. Ukuba sifuna ukuhlala sisempilweni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqaphele ezi zithunywa zincinci, akunjalo?

"IiHormones, Inkqubo ye-Endocrine, Ukungalingani kweeHormones, Isifo seswekile, I-thyroid, Impilo