Masifunde ngeCysticercosis, isifo esibangela ukuba iintshulube zikhule emzimbeni wakho.

Ngaba wakha weva ngesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Cysticercosis)`? Mhlawumbi eli gama livakala lingaqhelekanga. Kodwa le yinto sonke ekufuneka siyiqaphele, kuba le yimeko ebangelwa yiparasite ekhula ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Ngamanye amaxesha inokubakho emzimbeni ngaphandle kweempawu ezinkulu. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje.

Yintoni iCysticercosis?

Ngamafutshane, `(Cysticercosis)` sisifo esenzeka xa i-tapeworm yehagu (amaqanda e-parasite `(Taenia solium)`) ingena emizimbeni yethu. La maqanda enza ama-cysts amancinci ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Afana neengxowa ezincinci ezizaliswe ngamanzi. La ma-cysts yiwo abangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.

Ungayifumana le nto ukuba utya okanye usela ukutya okanye isiselo esinamaqanda avela kwi-T. solium parasite, okanye ukuba uchukumisa ilindle elinamaqanda uze ufake izandla zakho emlonyeni wakho ungazihlambi kakuhle. Xa la maqanda engena emathunjini ethu, akhula abe ziimpethu ezithambileyo, ezithi emva koko zihambe ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, njengengqondo namehlo, ukuze zenze ii-cysts.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweCysticercosis kunye neTaeniasis?

Kungcono ukuba singabadidanisi aba babini, kulungile?

• I-Cysticercosis: Oku kwenzeka xa ngempazamo uginya amaqanda e-parasite T. solium. La maqanda enza ama-cyst emzimbeni.
• I-Taeniasis: Iyenzeka xa utya inyama yehagu engaphekwanga kakuhle equlethe izibungu ze-parasite ethi "T. solium". Ezi zibungu zikhula zibe zii-tapeworms ezinkulu ngaphakathi kwamathumbu akho.

Emva koko, amaqanda abangela i-`(Cysticercosis)` akhutshwa aye kwindawo engqongileyo ngendle yomntu one-`(Taeniasis). Uyaqonda?

Ngubani ochaphazela kakhulu oku?

I-Cysticercosis ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abahlala okanye abahambahambayo kwiindawo zasemaphandleni zaseMbindini naseMzantsi Melika, e-Afrika esemazantsi eSahara, kwiindawo ezithile zaseAsia, naseMpuma Yurophu. Ixhaphake kakhulu nakubantu abafudukele kula mazwe. Ukuba umntu ohlala nawe uneTaeniasis (loo tapeworm inkulu), usengozini yokuhlaselwa yiCysticercosis.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nezigidi eziyi-2.7 zabantu kwihlabathi liphela bane-cysticercosis. Kwezinye iindawo apho esi sifo sixhaphakileyo kwiihagu, malunga ne-10% ukuya kwi-20% yabantu babonakalisa iimpawu ze-cysticercosis. Nangona ingaqhelekanga kangako eMntla Melika, i-cysticercosis ifunyenwe iyimbangela yokuba malunga ne-2% yeendwendwe eziya kwigumbi likaxakeka eMelika ngenxa yokuxhuzula.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeCysticercosis?

Iimpawu zixhomekeke ekubeni zikuphi na ii-cysts. Ezi cysts zinokukhula naphi na emzimbeni - engqondweni, emehlweni, entliziyweni, emiphungeni nasesibindini.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu eziqatha nezixhaphakileyo zenzeka xa ezi cysts zikhula kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, oko kukuthi, ingqondo kunye nomqolo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -neurocysticercosis .

Iimpawu zeNeurocysticercosis (ii-cysts zobuchopho kunye nomgogodla):

• Ukuxhuzula: Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso kunye nokuxhuzula. Khawuthelekelele indlela ebekuya kuba yoyikeka ngayo ukuba umntu ngequbuliso ahlaselwe kukuxhuzula ngaphandle kwesilumkiso.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Ayisiyontloko ebuhlungu eqhelekileyo nje kuphela, kodwa yintloko ebuhlungu nengapheliyo.
• Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye nokudideka: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"cysticercal encephalitis." Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka xa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo lusanda.
• Intamo eqinileyo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, ingakumbi ukuba unesithuthwane esitsha, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Iimpawu ze-cysts ezikhula ngaphandle kwengqondo kunye nomqolo (i-extraneural cysticercosis):

Iithumba ezikhula ngaphandle kwengqondo azisoloko zibangela iimpawu ezinkulu, kodwa zinokubangela iingxaki ukuba zikhula kwiindawo ezithile.

• I-Subcutaneous cysticercosis: Ngamanye amaxesha amaqhuma amancinci angabonakala phantsi kolusu.
• I-Ophthalmic cysticercosis: Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zamehlo:
• Intlungu yamehlo.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini (i-diplopia).
• Ukudumba kwamehlo (i-uveitis okanye i-retinitis).
• Intshukumo yamehlo elinganiselweyo.
• Ukubonakala kwamehlo (i-proptosis).
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono.

Yintoni isizathu soku?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, `(Cysticercosis)` ibangelwa kukutya amaqanda e-parasite `(T. solium)`. La maqanda ngala:

• Ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno engahlanjwanga.
• Ngokusela amanzi angacocekanga.
• Ngokuchukumisa ilindle, ukuchukumisa umlomo wakho ngezandla ezingcoliswe ngala maqanda, okanye ngokutya ukutya.

La maqanda aqandusela emathunjini ethu, kwaye iimpethu ezincinci (`(izibungu)`) ezivelayo zidlula kwizicubu zomzimba kwaye zenze oko kuthiwa zii-cysts. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi cysts azibonisi zimpawu ngaphandle kokuba zininzi kwindawo enye. Ungaba nazo kangangeeveki okanye iminyaka ungazi ukuba zisemzimbeni wakho. Iimpawu ziyavela xa ezi cysts ziqala ukufa. Emva koko, xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba isebenza kwaye isabela kuzo, iingxaki ziyaqala.

I-Cysticercosis iyichaphazela njani ingqondo?

Emva kokuba amaqanda e-T. solium eqandusele emathunjini, iimbungu zinokuhamba ziye ebuchotsheni zize zenze ii-cysts. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi cysts zinokuhlala ebuchotsheni ixesha elide ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki.

Nangona kunjalo, xa ezi thumba ziqala ukufa, inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela izibona njengeentshaba ize iqale ukuzihlasela. Oku kubangela ukudumba engqondweni. Ukuba kukho iithumba ezininzi, zinokubangela "umphumo omkhulu" engqondweni ngaphambi kokuba zife. Oku kudumba, okanye uxinzelelo, kunokubangela ukuba ingqondo idumbe kwaye ibe yingozi ebomini. Kukwakho nesizathu sokuba kubekho iingxaki zemithambo-luvo ezifana nokuxhuzula kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu.

Emva kokuba iithumba zifile, kuvela amabala aqinileyo (ii-calcifications) kwezo ndawo.Izinto ezinje zinokuhlala engqondweni. Amanzi anokuqokelelana ngeenxa zonke kwezi `(i-calcified cysticercosis nodules)` aze abangele ukuxhuzula `(i-edema)`.

I-Cysticercosis idluliselwa njani?

I-Cysticercosis isasazeka ngendle yomntu osulelekileyo. I-T. solium worm ibeka amaqanda emathunjini omntu, kwaye amaqanda aphuma kwindle. I-Cysticercosis yenzeka xa utya into engcoliswe ngala maqanda.

Khawucinge nje, le ndle ingaphelela emhlabeni, emanzini, kwizityalo, nasekutyeni esikutyayo. Ungawaginya ngempazamo amaqanda e-T. solium ngezinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukusela amanzi angacocwanga, angacocwanga.
• Ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno engahlanjwanga.
• Ukuchukumisa umlomo wakho okanye ukutya ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuphuma kwindlu yangasese okanye emva kokuphatha ilindle.

Kubalulekile: Ukutya inyama yengulube engaphekwanga kakuhle akubanga `(Cysticercosis)`. Kubangela `(Taeniasis)`, isifo esibangelwa ziintshulube zamathumbu.

Ngaba i-Cysticercosis isasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?

Hayi, i-`(Cysticercosis)` ayidluliselwa ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Ukuze ufumane esi sifo, kufuneka utye amaqanda e-`(T. solium)`.

Ungayixilonga njani i-`(Cysticercosis)`?

Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Basenokukubuza nangembali yakho yakutshanje yohambo. Emva koko banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Ukufota: Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo, ugqirha wakho usenokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-CT scan okanye i-MRI. Oku kuquka ukukufaka ngaphakathi komatshini nokuthatha imifanekiso yengqondo yakho. Ugqirha angasebenzisa le mifanekiso ukubona ukuba unayo na i-T. solium cysts.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ngamanye amaxesha igazi liyathathwa lize livavanywe. Oku kukhangela ii-antibodies (uvavanyo lwe-cysticercosis serology) ngokuchasene ne-T. solium, okanye iindawo zeparasite (ii-antigens).
• Ukubhoboza iLumbar: Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba une-cysticercosis engqondweni yakho okanye emgogodleni , unokuyalela uvavanyo lokujonga ulwelo lwakho lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Oku kubandakanya ukufaka inaliti encinci emqolo wakho ongezantsi uze uthathe isampuli yolwelo. Oku kufana novavanyo lwegazi, kwaye kukhangela ii-antibodies okanye ii-antigens kwi-T. solium. Oku kunokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo.
• I-Biopsy: Ukuba uneqhuma elibonakalayo eluswini lwakho, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isampuli yalo aze alithumele kwilebhu ukuze ajonge iimpawu ze-T. solium.
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo: Ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukujonga iithumba ezingaphakathi kwamehlo akho ezinokuchaphazela umbono wakho.

Iphathwa njani iCysticercosis?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zoku. Usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango konke konke. Okanye ugqirha wakho angakunika indibaniselwano yamayeza. Abanye abantu banokufuna utyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kulungelelanisa isicwangciso sonyango ngokwemeko yakho ethile.

Ngawaphi amayeza kunye nonyango olusetyenziswayo?

Ugqirha angakunika amayeza okanye unyango olufana nolu:

• Ii-Corticosteroids: Umzekelo, amayeza anjenge-prednisolone kunye ne-dexamethasone. La mayeza anciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuvuvukala okwenzeka xa ithumba lisifa.
• Amayeza okulwa nesifo sokuwa/sokuxhuzula: Amayeza afana ne-`(phenytoin)` kunye ne-`(carbamazepine)`. La mayeza anikwa ukulawula ukuxhuzula.
• Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane: Amayeza afana ne-`(albendazole)` kunye ne-`(praziquantel)` ngamanye amaxesha anikwa ukunyanga usulelo. Nangona kunjalo, kuthathwa unonophelo olukhulu xa kunikwa la mayeza, kuba xa iintshulube zisifa, ukudumba engqondweni kunokwanda. Yiyo loo nto la mayeza edla ngokunikezelwa kunye namayeza anciphisa ukudumba.
• Utyando: Kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe ezinye ii-cysts, okanye ukuba kukho uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukwanda kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF), okanye kufakwe ityhubhu encinci (i-shunt) ukuze kudluliselwe ulwelo kwenye indawo.

Ungayiphepha njani i-cysticercosis?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo! Kukho izinto ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu onokuzenza ukuze uzikhusele kwi-`(Cysticercosis)`. Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kukulungiselela ukutya namanzi ngokukhuselekileyo nokuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle.

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo, ingakumbi emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ukutshintsha inabukeni yomntwana wakho, nangaphambi kokutya okanye ukulungiselela ukutya.
• Hlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle, uze uyitye ixotyulwe ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Hlamba iibhodi zokusika, iikhawuntara, izitya, kunye nezixhobo zokusika ngesepha emva kokusebenzisa.
• Musa ukusela amanzi anganyangwanga. Ukuba usela amanzi avela kwindawo ongayaziyo, sela amanzi asebhotileni okanye abilisiwe kuphela.
• Ukuba usela amanzi, wabilise kakuhle malunga nomzuzu, uwayeke aphole, uze uwasele.
• Xa uhamba, ukuba unako ukucoca amanzi akho, sebenzisa isihluzo " esipheleleyo se-1 micron okanye ngaphantsi " (esifumaneka kwiivenkile ezithengisa izinto zokukhempisha), uze unyibilikise iipilisi ze-iodine uze usele.

Khumbula: Ngokulandela la manyathelo okhuseleko, ungazikhusela kungekuphela nje kwi-`(Cysticercosis)`, kodwa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi ezisulelayo.

Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba ndine-`(Cysticercosis)`?

Ngenxa yokuba i-cysticercosis idla ngokungabi nazimpawu, kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba esi sifo siza kukuchaphazela njani. Ugqirha wakho uza kuvelisa isicwangciso sonyango esilungele wena. Ngamanye amaxesha, oko kunokuthetha ukuba awuyinyangi kwaphela i-cysticercosis.

Ngaba iCysticercosis iyabulala?

Ukufa ngenxa ye-cysticercosis kunqabile kakhulu. Uninzi lweempawu azibangelwa sisifo ngokwaso, kodwa zibangelwa yindlela amasosha omzimba asabela ngayo kwi-cysts njengoko zisifa. Ukuba une-cysts ezimbalwa kunye neempawu ezincinci, amathuba akho okuchacha mahle kakhulu.

Ndingazinyamekela njani xa ndineCysticercosis?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-cysticercosis, hlala ujonge iimpawu zakho. Nokuba unikwe unyango okanye akunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki okanye ziya zisiba mandundu, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-cysticercosis, ingakumbi ukuxhuzula, ukudideka, okanye isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza okungachazwanga, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane.

I-Cysticercosis sisifo esibangelwa ngamaqanda e-parasite i-Taenia solium. Nokuba awuva nto ingako ngayo apho uhlala khona, i-cysticercosis inokubangela ukugula okunzulu. Nokuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-cysticercosis ixhaphake khona okanye uya kuyo, ukulandela imikhwa embalwa elula yococeko kunokukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Cysticercosis sisifo esibangelwa kukutya amaqanda e-tapeworm yehagu (iTaenia solium), ebangela ama-cysts emzimbeni.
• Isasazeka ngokutya okungcolileyo, amanzi, kunye nococeko olungafanelekanga, kungekhona ngokutya inyama yengulube engaphekwanga kakuhle.
• Iimpawu zixhomekeke ekubeni zikuphi na ii-cysts. Ukuba ii-cysts zikwingqondo (neurocysticercosis), iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nokuxhuzula kunye nentloko ebuhlungu zinokubakho.
• Ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle nokutya ukutya okucocekileyo kunye neziselo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokuxhuzula, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, okanye ukudideka , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ungakhathazeki, le meko inokulawulwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso zikagqirha.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Cysticercosis, i-tapeworm, i-neurocysticercosis, ukuxhuzula, usulelo lobuchopho, ucoceko, izifo ezibangelwa zizinambuzane