Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukunike iyeza elifana nePradaxa lokuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi? Okanye ngaba ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo usebenzisa eli yeza? Eli liyeza elibaluleke kakhulu elinokusindisa ubomi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka sizilumkele xa silisebenzisa. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngeli yeza, iDabigatran, eyaziwa nje kwilizwe lethu njengePradaxa.
Yintoni iDabigatran (Pradaxa)?
Ngamafutshane, le yindlela yokunciphisa igazi . Ngokwezonyango, siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Anticoagulant". Igazi lethu lineempawu zokujiya kwegazi. Yiyo loo nto ukopha kuyeka xa kukho ukwenzakala. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, amahlwili egazi anokwakheka ngokungeyomfuneko emzimbeni, ngaphakathi emithanjeni. Le yimeko eyingozi.
I-Dabigatran isebenza ngokuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi angafunekiyo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu uku:
- Ukuthintela iStroke: Nciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi engqondweni kunye nestroke kwizigulana ezinentliziyo engalungelelananga (i-Atrial Fibrillation).
- Nyanga amahlwili egazi: Nyibilikisa amahlwili egazi asele ekhona emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary Embolism) okanye imithambo enzulu yemilenze (i-Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT).
- Ukuthintela amahlwili egazi: Eli yeza linikwa ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ukuba angaphinde akheke emva kotyando, njengokufakelwa isinqe, okanye kumntu owayenehlwili legazi ngaphambili.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli yeza
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha wakho akunike iDabigatran, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ayazi imbali yakho epheleleyo yempilo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko zidweliswe ngezantsi.
| Imeko yempilo okanye ithuba | Kutheni ufanele ukhathalele? |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zokopha | Eli yeza linokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha. |
| Ukuba unevalvu yentliziyo yoomatshini | Eli yeza alikhuthazwa kwizigulana ezinjalo. |
| Isifo sezintso | Ekubeni iyeza likhutshwa emzimbeni ngezintso, kunokufuneka ukuba umlinganiselo walo ulungiswe. |
| Ukuba ukhe wopha isisu ngaphambili | Umngcipheko wokuphinda wophe unokwanda. |
| Ukuba usandul' ukwenza okanye uza kwenza utyando lomqolo okanye lwe-epidural | Kukho umngcipheko wokopha kwi-spinal cord. |
| Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye ungumama oncancisayo | Kwezi meko, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokhuseleko lwamayeza. |
| Ukuba une-allergies kwamanye amayeza, ukutya okanye izinto ezithile | Oku kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba unokuba ne-allergy kwi-dabigatran. |
Ndingayisebenzisa njani kanye kanye le yeza?
Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kweli yeza kwaye uphephe naziphi na iingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Musa ukuphula, ukutyumza, ukuhlafuna, okanye ukuvula ikhaphu uze usele okuqulethwe yile yeza nangasiphi na isizathu. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba amayeza amaninzi angene emzimbeni ngaxeshanye, nto leyo enokubangela ukopha okuyingozi. Ikhaphu kufuneka iginywe yonke.
- Indlela yokusela: Ginya iyeza liphelele ngeglasi yamanzi.
- Ukusela kunye nokutya: Oku kungenziwa ngaphambi okanye emva kokutya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana ukungagayi kakuhle okanye isisu esibuhlungu, ukuthatha amayeza kunye nokutya kunokunceda ekunciphiseni.
- Musa ukutsiba iidosi: Sela amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye kwidosi efanelekileyo. Ukutsiba iidosi okanye ukuyeka amayeza akho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho kunokunyusa ngequbuliso umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwegazi okanye isifo sohlangothi.
- Ukuba uphoswa kukutya:Ukuba ulibele ukuthatha idosi, yithathe kwangoko xa ukhumbula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kungaphantsi kweeyure ezi-6 ngaphambi kokuba uthathe idosi elandelayo, yitsibe idosi oyiphosileyo uze uthathe idosi elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe iidosi ezimbini ngaxeshanye.
- Ukuba usela kakhulu eli yeza: Ukuba ucinga ukuba ulisele kakhulu eli yeza, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Okanye utsalele umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweePoison kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule xa usebenzisa eli yeza
Kufuneka ucinge ngokukodwa ngokhuseleko lwakho xa usebenzisa eli yeza.
- Ziphephe iingozi: Ziphephe imidlalo (umz. iragbi, ibhola ekhatywayo) kunye nomsebenzi onokubangela ukwenzakala emzimbeni. Nokuba ukuwa okuncinci kunokubangela ukopha okukhulu ngaphakathi.
- Izixhobo ezibukhali: Cinga kabini phambi kokuba usebenzise izixhobo ezibukhali ezifana neemela kunye nezikere. Ukuba ucheba, kukhuselekile ukusebenzisa i-razor yombane endaweni ye-blade.
- Ukuxubha amazinyo akho: Lumka ungalimazi iintsini zakho xa uxubha naxa uxubha amazinyo.
- Utyando: Ukuba uza kutyandwa okanye ukhutshwe izinyo, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wamazinyo ukuba usebenzisa iDabigatran. Uya kucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa eli yeza kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ukutyelela ugqirha: Ndwendwela ikliniki ngeentsuku ezimiselweyo uze ubone ugqirha. Uza kujonga imeko yakho aze akunike iingcebiso ezifunekayo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngenxa yamayeza
Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, iDabigatran inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye zimbi kakhulu, ezinye zixhaphakile. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kwi-Allergic | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kwemilebe/ulwimi/ubuso, ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Iimpawu zokopha | Indle emnyama okanye enegazi; umchamo obomvu okanye omdaka omnyama; ukuhlanza into ebonakala ngathi yikofu egayiweyo; ukopha okungaqhelekanga empumlweni, kwiintsini, okanye emehlweni; imivumbo emikhulu okanye amabala abomvu emzimbeni; ukopha okungenakunqandwa. |
| Iimpawu zeStroke | Ukutshintsha kombono ngequbuliso; intetho engavakaliyo, ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda; intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu; ukungaziva okanye ubuthathaka ebusweni, engalweni okanye emlenzeni; ubunzima bokuhamba, isiyezi. |
| Iimpawu zehlwili legazi | Intlungu yesifuba; ubunzima bokuphefumla; intlungu, ukudumba, okanye ukufudumala emlenzeni (ingakumbi umlenze ongezantsi). |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa kufuneka zixelwe kugqirha wakho ukuba ziyaqhubeka | |
| Ukungonwabi kwesisu | Intlungu yesisu, ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya, isicaphucaphu (oku kunokunciphisa ngokuthatha amayeza kunye nokutya). |
Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana neDabigatran
Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke amayeza owasebenzisayo, kungekuphela nje lawo amiselwe ngugqirha wakho, kodwa kunye neepilisi zokudambisa iintlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, iivithamini, iimveliso zezityalo, kwanamayeza aseSinhala. Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana neDabigatran aze anyuse umngcipheko wokopha.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa eziphambili zamayeza ekufuneka uzilumkele:
- I-Aspirin kunye nezinye iziyobisi kweli qela
- Ezinye izinto zokunciphisa igazi (umz. iWarfarin, iHeparin, iEnoxaparin, iApixaban, iRivaroxaban)
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu (ii-NSAID) (umz. i-Ibuprofen, i-Naproxen, i-Diclofenac)
- Ezinye izinto ezinciphisa igazi, ezifana neClopidogrel
- Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, afana neRifampin (iyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sephepha)
- Amayeza okulwa nefungus afana ne ketoconazole
Olu luhlu aluphelelanga, ngoko ke kungcono ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into oyithathayo .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ungaze waphule, utyumze, okanye uhlafune iipilisi zeDabigatran (Pradaxa). Ziginye ziphelele.
- Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukuba uphoswe yidosi, ungakhathazeki, thatha nje idosi ephoswe yiyo ukuba kudlule iiyure ezi-6 ngaphambi kokuba uthathe idosi elandelayo.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iindlela ozisebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okudambisa iintlungu.
- Lumka kangangoko unako xa uwile okanye wenzakele. Umngcipheko wokopha uphezulu.
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu zokopha , ezifana nendle emnyama okanye ukudumba okungaqhelekanga, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwi-ETU yesibhedlele.
- Ngaphambi kokuba utyando okanye ukhuphe amazinyo, khumbuza ugqirha/ugqirha wamazinyo ukuba usela eli yeza.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Zisetyenziselwa ntoni iipilisi/iikhaphu zeRamipril (Ramipril / Altace)?
Le yeyona pilisi yoxinzelelo lwegazi idumileyo nephumeleleyo ye-ACE Inhibitor ehlabathini! Ayithobeli nje kuphela uxinzelelo lwegazi, kodwa ikwanikwa oogqirha ukuthintela 'ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo' (iziganeko zentliziyo) kwixesha elizayo kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala, abo banesifo seswekile/i-cholesterol, kunye nabo basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
💬 Ukusela le pilisi yoxinzelelo lwegazi (iRamipril) kuyinciphisa njani uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye kuyisindise njani intliziyo?
Imithambo yethu yegazi inciphile/ibuthathaka kwaye uxinzelelo luyanda ngenxa yekhemikhali eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Angiotensin II'! Xa iRamipril ingena emzimbeni, iyayivala/iyayivala ngokupheleleyo kwaye ivale umzi-mveliso owenza loo khemikhali (i-ACE enzyme)! Emva koko yonke imithambo yegazi iyakhululeka (i-Vasodilation) kwaye uxinzelelo luyehla. Xa uxinzelelo lwehla, kuba lula ukuba intliziyo isebenze/ibethe, ngoko ke umngcipheko wokufumana isifo sentliziyo uncitshiswa nge-100%.
💬 Zithini iziphumo ezicaphukisayo neziyingozi (iBlack Box Warning) zokuthatha eli yeza (iRamipril)?
Eyona ngozi inkulu ekufuneka uyiqaphele kwasekuqaleni kukuba ayivumelekanga ngokungqongqo koomama 'abakhulelweyo' (Ukukhulelwa) (okubulalayo kwimveku)! Enye ingxaki enkulu 'kukukhwehlela okomileyo' okuhamba nokusela iyeza, ukuba awukwazi ukumelana nalo, kuya kufuneka utshintshele kwenye ipilisi (ARB). Kwakhona, ukuba abanye abantu bafumana 'Ukudumba kobuso/imilebe kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane' (i-Angioedema - Abantu abamnyama basengozini enkulu), kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
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