Masifunde nge-Delirium Tremens, imeko enzulu enokwenzeka emva kokuyeka utywala!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba abanye abantu abaxhomekeke kakhulu kutywala ngequbuliso bayayeka ukusela ngenxa yengxaki enkulu? Ngamanye amaxesha bayalahlekelwa zingqondo, umzimba wabo wonke uqala ukungcangcazela, baze babe yingozi ngendlela engenakucingelwa. Ngoko ke, imeko enzima neyingozi enokubakho xa uyeka utywala yile siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje , iDelirium Tremens , okanye i-DTs ngamafutshane. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi ebomini.

Yintoni i-Delirium Tremens? Kutheni isenzeka?

Ngamafutshane, i-Delirium Tremens yimeko embi kakhulu enokwenzeka xa umntu oxhomekeke kakhulu kutywala (ingakumbi umntu onengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala ngokulingeneyo okanye ngokugqithisileyo) ngequbuliso eyeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo.

Ngoku masibone ukuba oku kusebenza njani. Xa umntu esela utywala obuninzi ixesha elide, umzimba wakhe ungena kumzabalazo ongaqhelekanga. Cinga ngako njengokutsalana. Kwelinye icala, utywala buyayithomalalisa inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo (CNS) , njengeebhuleki zemoto. Le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo ilawula ukuphefumla kwethu kunye nesantya sentliziyo. Xa utywala buyithomalalisa le misebenzi (oko kukuthi, busebenza njengesixhobo sokuthomalalisa ), kwelinye icala, inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ilwa noku ngokwandisa umsebenzi wayo, izama ukugcina umzimba usebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo iqhelana nale nqanaba lokwanda komsebenzi, kwaye icinga ukuba eli linqanaba "eliqhelekileyo".

Ngoko ke, xa ngequbuliso uyeka ukusela utywala, kuba ngathi uvumele icala elinye lentambo. Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi akufuneki yonyuse umsebenzi wayo ukuze ilwe nemiphumo yotywala. Kodwa ayinakunciphisa umsebenzi wayo ngaxeshanye. Oko kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi iba namandla ngakumbi kunokuba kufanele. Oko kugqithisileyo yikona okubangela ukuba neenkqubo zendalo zomzimba ziphazamiseke, kwaye le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-delirium tremens iyenzeka. Uyaqonda?

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, iingxaki zokusebenzisa utywala zixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Umzekelo, kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nama-29% abantu abadala baseMelika baya kuba nale meko ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Nangona kunjalo, lipesenti elincinci kakhulu kubo, phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-1.5%, abafumana i-delirium tremens (DTs). Nangona kunjalo, nokuba kuloo pesenti incinci, inokuba yingozi kakhulu.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeDelirium Tremens?

I-Delirium tremens (DTs) inokuba neempawu ezininzi. Ezinye siyaziqhela, ngelixa ezinye zingaziwayo kangako. Makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziphambili:

• Ukungcangcazela okanye ukushukuma:Olu luphawu abantu abaninzi abalwaziyo nabalubona rhoqo. Izandla ngokukodwa ziyangcangcazela kakhulu.
• Ukudideka: Esi sisifo sengqondo esichaphazela ngokukodwa ukuyeka utywala. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha basibiza ngokuba "yimeko yengqondo etshintshileyo." Inxalenye "yokuphupha kakubi" yegama elithi "ukuphupha kakubi" ivela kwesi sifo sengqondo kwaye inxalenye "yokungcangcazela" kukungcangcazela.
• Ukuxhalaba okanye ukuxhalaba: Oku kunokubangela ukuba isigulana siziphathe ngendlela enobundlobongela neyobundlongondlongo.
• Iimpawu ze-Psychosis: Abantu abane-delirium tremens (DTs) banokufumana imibono engekhoyo , eyokubona, ukuva, okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo. Banokufumana nezinye iimpawu ze-psychosis, ezifana ne-paranoia.
• Ukuphazamiseka kweemvakalelo kunye nokudideka: Abantu abane-delirium tremens (DTs) abanalo ulwazi olupheleleyo ngezinto ezibangqongileyo kuba iimvakalelo zabo azisebenzi kakuhle.
• Ukubila kakhulu (diaphoresis): Abantu abane-delirium tremens (DTs) badla ngokubila kakhulu ngamanye amaxesha , kungekhona rhoqo.
• Ukuxhuzula: Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu zokurhoxa kotywala zinokulandelwa kukuxhuzula, okunokuthi kuqhubeke kube yi-delirium tremens (DTs). Ezi kuxhuzula zinokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba ziqhubekela kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-status epilepticus .
• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu (i-hyperthermia).
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukwanda kwesantya sentliziyo (isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo - i-tachycardia).

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu lunokuqala ukubonakala kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kokuyeka utywala, kwaye ezona mpawu zinzima kakhulu ziqala ukubonakala emva kweentsuku ezine ukuya kwezintlanu.

Yintoni ebangela i-Delirium Tremens?

Eyona nto ibangela ukuba umntu aphelelwe lithemba (delirium tremens) abe neempawu zokurhoxa ngenxa yokuba umntu onengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala ngequbuliso uyeka ukusela utywala.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-Delirium Tremens?

Ezinye izinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-delirium tremens (DTs). Ezi ziquka:

• Ukuba ukhe wazibona iimpawu zokurhoxa etywaleni, ukuxhuzula, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo (DTs).
• Ukuba uyekile ukusela kakhulu waza waqalisa kwakhona izihlandlo ezininzi.
• Ukusela utywala kakhulu (okukhona usela kakhulu, kokukhona umngcipheko uphezulu).
• Ukuxhomekeka kwezinye iziyobisi (ingakumbi izithomalalisi okanyeUkuba usebenzisa amayeza okunxila ngaxeshanye, ezi zinto zikwacinezela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi.
• Ukukhula kweminyaka kuyakhula. Umngcipheko wokuba ne-delirium tremens (DTs) uyanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala abanakukwazi ukufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa etywaleni kunye ne-delirium tremens (DTs).
• Ezinye iingxaki zempilo. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana nokunqongophala kokutya, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sesibindi.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zeDelirium Tremens?

Zombini iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye ne-Delirium Tremens (DTs) zinokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ezinzulu. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ukunqongophala kokutya, ingakumbi i-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (ukunqongophala kwevithamini B1 okubangelwa butywala).
• Ukuxhuzula.
• Ixhala kunye nokudakumba.
• Iingxaki zokulala (Ukuphazamiseka kokulala).
• Iingxaki zentliziyo kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi.

Ifunyanwa njani i-Delirium Tremens?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wegumbi longxamiseko okanye omnye ugqirha unokuxilonga i-delirium tremens (DTs) ngokudibanisa iindlela kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba.
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological.
• Uluhlu oluthile lokuhlola olubonelela ngamanqaku abonisa amathuba okuba ne-delirium tremens (DTs) ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu. Umzekelo yiCIWA-Ar (Clinical Institute for Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Revised Scale) .
• Uvavanyo lwelebhu.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Uninzi lweemvavanyo ezinceda ekuxilongeni i-delirium tremens (DTs) zenziwa kwilabhoratri. Zifuna iisampulu zegazi okanye zomchamo. Ezi mvavanyo zifuna oku kulandelayo:

• Umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi, ingakumbi isibindi sakho, izintso kunye nentliziyo.
• Inqanaba lotywala egazini.
• Uvavanyo lweyeza lomchamo.
• Amanqanaba e-electrolyte .

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho okanye ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo, kunokufuneka wenze uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela okungakumbi malunga novavanyo abalucebisayo.

Inyangwa njani iDelirium Tremens? Ngaba inganyangeka?

I-Delirium tremens (DTs) ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa inokunyangeka kakuhle . Enye yezona zinto ziphambili ze-delirium tremens (DTs) kukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abanale meko abanakwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nonyango lwabo. Ukuba awukwazi ukuzenzela izigqibo, usapho lwakho okanye abantu obathandayo banokufuneka bakwenzele ezo zigqibo.

Injongo ephambili yokunyanga le meko kukunciphisa ukusebenza kakhulu kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Ugqirha unyanga oku ngokusebenzisa amayeza anciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (CNS). Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza okwenza oku.

Unyango lwe-delirium tremens (DTs) ludla ngokuqala ngee -sedatives . Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni umsebenzi we-central nervous system (CNS). Lo msebenzi we-nervous ogqithisileyo ngunobangela weengxaki ezininzi eziyingozi kwi-delirium tremens (DTs). Ezona sedatives zisetyenziswa kakhulu ludidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-benzodiazepines . Nangona kunjalo, nezinye iintlobo zamayeza zingasetyenziswa. Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abanomsebenzi ophezulu kakhulu we-central nervous system (CNS) banokufuna ukuthomalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye banikwe i-anesthesia ngokubanzi ukuthintela iimpawu eziyingozi kakhulu ze-delirium tremens (DTs).

Abantu abaninzi abane-delirium tremens (DTs) banengxaki yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni , ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, okanye ukungabikho kweeminerali. Ugqirha wakho unokunyanga ezi meko ngokukunika isisombululo se-saline ( IV ) esiqulethe iivithamini kunye neeminerali. Ezinye izisombululo ze-saline zenzelwe ngokukodwa ezi meko. Umzekelo, isisombululo se-saline esaziwa ngoogqirha ngokuba " yi-banana bag" (ebizwa ngokuba yi-"banana bag" ngenxa yombala otyheli wesisombululo). Iqulethe i-vitamin B1 ( thiamine ), i-vitamin B9 ( folate ), i-multivitamin, isisombululo se-electrolyte, nokunye.

Ukunyanga Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kotywala

Eyona nto ibangela i-delirium tremens (DTs) kukungasebenzi kakuhle kotywala. Emva kokunyanga i-delirium tremens (DTs), injongo yexesha elide kukunyanga ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunyanga oku. Unyango loku lunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-delirium tremens (DTs) kwixesha elizayo.

Zithini iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Iingxaki zonyango lwe-delirium tremens (DTs) zixhomekeke kakhulu kunyango olufumanayo. Ngenxa yokuba kukho amayeza amaninzi kunye nonyango olwahlukeneyo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuhluka kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho unokuchaza ngcono iingxaki onokuzifumana emva kokuba iimpawu zakho ziphucukile kwaye i-dementia yakho iphelile. Okanye, ugqirha wakho uya kwabelana ngezi nkcukacha nabantu obathandayo abanikwe imvume yokwazi ulwazi lwakho lwezonyango baze bakwenzele izigqibo.

Ndiza kuziva ngcono ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-delirium tremens (DTs) zihlala zithatha malunga neentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezisixhenxe ukuze ziphele. Ngeli xesha, uya kuqala ukuziva ungcono kancinci kancinci. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ezinye iimpawu zinokuqhubeka iiveki okanye iinyanga.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-Delirium Tremens?

Ukuba une-delirium tremens, enye yeempawu eziphambili oza kuzibona kukudideka. Uya kuba nobunzima bokuqonda okwenzekayo kuwe kunye nento eyenzekayo kufutshane nawe. Usenokubona nemibono. Oku kuthetha ukuba izinto ozibonayo okanye ozivayo ziyinyani zisenokungabikho apho.

Ngenxa yezi mpawu, usenokungakwazi ukwenza izigqibo malunga nonyango lwakho. Oogqirha baya kukuphatha ukuze bakuncede uzinze (ngaphandle kokuba ufake umyalelo wezonyango kwangaphambili kubo). Basenokuthetha nosapho lwakho, abahlobo, okanye abanye abantu abasondeleyo obanike imvume yokuba bazi ngonyango lwakho baze benze izigqibo.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-Delirium Tremens?

I-Delirium tremens (DTs) idla ngokuthatha malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe, nangona abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbini.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yeDelirium Tremens?

Imbonakalo yokudakumba kwengqondo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ezi ziquka:

• Ubunzima beempawu.
• Ubunzima bengxaki yakho yokusebenzisa utywala.
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo.
• Indlela okhawuleze ngayo ukufumana unyango.

Nokuba unyango lukhona, enye yeengxaki ze-delirium tremens (DTs) kukufa. Ukuba ayinyangwa, malunga ne-15% yabantu abane-delirium tremens (DTs) bayafa. Umngcipheko wokufa uphezulu nangakumbi ukuba unezinye izifo ezinzulu. Xa unyango lukhona, izinga lokusinda kwi-delirium tremens (DTs) limalunga ne-95%. Okukhona umntu efumana unyango lwe-delirium tremens (DTs) ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akhe okusinda angcono kwaye abe nesiphumo esihle.

Ngaba i-Delirium Tremens ingathintelwa?

Eyona ndlela iqinisekileyo yokuthintela i-delirium tremens (DTs) kukuyeka ngokupheleleyo utywala.

Ukuba unengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala kwaye ufuna ukuyeka ukusela, thetha nogqirha. Banokukunceda ufumane izixhobo, ukhathalelo, kunye nenkxaso yokukunceda unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwakho kotywala ngokukhuselekileyo. Banokucebisa neenkqubo zokulungisa utywala, oogqirha abaziingcali, amaqela enkxaso, nokunye.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela okanye yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba neSifo sokuSetyenziswa kotywala (kwaye ke ngoko ii-DTs) kukusela utywala ngobunono. Oko kuthetha ukusela ngokwemigaqo elandelayo:

• Kumadoda: Inani elicetyiswayo leziselo ezinxilisayo ngosuku akufuneki lidlule kwezimbini, kwaye lingabi ngaphezu kwe-14 ngeveki.
• Kwabasetyhini:Inani elicetyiswayo leeyunithi zotywala ngosuku akufuneki lidlule inye, kwaye kungabi ngaphezu kwesixhenxe ngeveki.

Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala ayibangelwa yimbangela enye kuphela. Imbali yosapho, iimeko zempilo yengqondo, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi zinokubangela oku. Ukuba ukhathazekile ngomngcipheko wakho wokuba nengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala, kulungile ukuthetha nogqirha. Banokukunceda uqonde iingozi zakho kwaye bakunike iingcebiso malunga nento omawuyenze ngazo.

Yintoni "isiselo esinye"?

"Isiselo esinye" silingana ne-14 grams (14 g.) yotywala obucocekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba ezinye iintlobo zotywala zinomlinganiselo ophezulu wotywala, "isiselo esinye" sinokuza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Umzekelo ngamnye kule ilandelayo ulingana "nesiselo esinye":

• Ii-ounces ezili-12 zebhiya eqhelekileyo (malunga ne-355 ml)
• Ii-ounces ezi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 (malunga ne-237-296 ml) ze-malt liqueur
• Ii-ounces ezi-5 zewayini (malunga ne-148 ml)
• Oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-"shot" yi-1.5 ounces (malunga ne-44 ml) yeziselo ezinxilisayo (umz. i-gin, i-rum, i-whisky, i-vodka) (eyi-40% yotywala ngokomthamo).

Kuthatha malini ukuphuhlisa i-Delirium Tremens?

Nabani na ohlangabezana neemfuno zokusela kakhulu unokufumana i-delirium tremens (DTs). Kumadoda, oku kuthetha ukusela iziselo ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ngosuku kunye neziselo ezili-15 okanye ngaphezulu ngeveki. Kubafazi, oku kuthetha ukusela iziselo ezibini okanye ngaphezulu ngosuku kunye neziselo ezisibhozo okanye ngaphezulu ngeveki. Nangona kunjalo, okukhona usela kakhulu kwaye uqhubeka nokusela, kokukhona amathuba okuba ne-delirium tremens (DTs) ayanda.

Kunzima ukunika inani elithile elisebenza kumntu wonke kuba wonke umntu wahlukile. Abanye abantu banokunyamezela okuphezulu kotywala. Abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okunxila butywala ngenxa yezizathu zemfuza. Abanye basenokuba namathuba amaninzi okunxila kwaye bahlupheke yi-delirium tremens (DTs) ngenxa yamayeza abawasebenzisayo, iimeko zempilo, kunye nezinye izinto.

Ngenxa yokuba i-delirium tremens (DTs) inokwenzeka kubantu abasela utywala kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-delirium tremens (DTs) kukusela ngokulinganisela okanye ukungaseli konke konke.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Delirium Tremens yimeko embi kakhulu, esongela ubomi enokwenzeka xa umntu onengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala ngequbuliso eyeka ukusela utywala. Ukuba unengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala, ukunciphisa okanye ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusela linyathelo elibalulekileyo onokulithatha ukuphucula impilo yakho. Kodwa yinjongo ekufuneka uyifikelele ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye akufuneki uyenze wedwa.

Ukuba unengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala kwaye ufuna ukunciphisa okanye ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusela, umboneleli wezempilo oyintloko angakunceda ufumane izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela impilo yakho kwimeko yesiqhelo ezinokukunceda. Abantu abaninzi baneentloni okanye bayoyika ukucela olu hlobo loncedo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi kagqirha wakho kukukunceda, kungekhona ukukugweba. Ngale ndlela, unokunciphisa ngokukhuselekileyo ukusela kwakho kwaye uphucule impilo yakho, impilo-ntle, kunye nomgangatho wobomi bakho bonke.

Ukudakumba kwengqondo , ukuyeka utywala, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotywala, ukuyeka utywala, ukuxhomekeka kutywala, ii-DT, i-dementia