Ngaba unesifo seswekile? Okanye kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho? Emva koko mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi malunga neepilisi kunye neenaliti ze-insulin ezinikwa ngugqirha. "Kutheni undinike eli yeza?", "Le pilisi yenza ntoni emzimbeni?", "Ngaba kufuneka ndiyithathe yonke imihla?" Izinto ezinjalo zisenokufika engqondweni yakho. Le yimibuzo eqhelekileyo, ungakhathazeki ngayo. Namhlanje, masiyiqonde ngokulula yonke le nto, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo.
Masiqale sibone, kutheni sidinga amayeza esifo seswekile?
Ngamafutshane, isifo seswekile sisifo apho imizimba yethu ingakwaziyo ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo inqanaba leswekile egazini lethu. Imizimba yethu ifuna ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin ukuze isebenzise iswekile (i-glucose) ekutyeni esikutyayo. Kwisifo seswekile, ukuveliswa kwale hormone, i-insulin, kuyancitshiswa, okanye umzimba awuphenduli ngokufanelekileyo kwi-insulin eyivelisayo.
Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini ahlala ephezulu ixesha elide ngaphandle kokulawulwa, amehlo ethu, izintso, intliziyo, kunye nemithambo-luvo zinokonakala. Oogqirha banika amayeza okuthintela ezi meko ziyingozi. Umsebenzi ophambili wala mayeza kukunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini ekwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo.
Ngawaphi amayeza aphambili esifo seswekile?
Amayeza esifo seswekile anokwahlulwa abe ngamacandelo amabini aphambili.
1. Amayeza Omlomo: Ezi zezona zinto abantu abaninzi baqala ngazo kuqala.
2. Amayeza Afakwa Inaliti: La aquka i-insulin kunye nezinye iintlobo ezintsha zenaliti.
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ukuba uza kunikwa iipilisi, inaliti, okanye zombini. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo lwakho lwesifo seswekile (Uhlobo 1 okanye Uhlobo 2), amanqanaba akho eswekile egazini, ubudala bakho, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onokuba nazo.
Masifunde ngeepilisi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepilisi ezisetyenziselwa isifo seswekile eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela. Nganye kuzo isebenza emzimbeni ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Igama leKlasi yeZiyobisi | Indlela esebenza ngayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni (ngamagama alula) | Imizekelo eqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| IiBiguanides | Iyanciphisa ukuveliswa kweswekile sisibindi kwaye yonyusa uvakalelo lweeseli zomzimba kwi-insulin. | I-Metformin - Eli liyeza lokuqala elinikwa abantu abaninzi. |
| IiSulfonylureas | Kuyanceda ukuthetha nepancreas yethu size siyixelele ukuba "yenze i-insulin engakumbi." | I-Glimepiride, i-Gliclazide |
| Izithinteli ze-DPP-4 | Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini enyuka emva kokutya, inceda ekuveliseni i-insulin. Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini esezantsi, i-insulin ayiveliswanga simahla. | I-Sitagliptin, iLinagliptin |
| Izithinteli ze-SGLT2 | Inceda ekukhupheni iswekile engaphezulu emzimbeni ngezintso ngomchamo. | I-Empagliflozin, i-Dapagliflozin |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba onke la mayeza asebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ngoko ke amayeza asetyenziswa ngumhlobo wakho asenokungasebenzi kuwe. Thatha kuphela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho, kanye njengoko eyalelwe.
I-insulin kunye nezinye izitofu
Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngeepilisi zodwa. Ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 kunye nabo bebenesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini ixesha elide, kufuneka inaliti ye-insulin.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin injections:
- I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza: Ezi zihlala zinikwa malunga nemizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokutya.
- I-insulin esebenza ixesha elide: Ezi zisebenza malunga neeyure ezingama-24 xa zitofwa kanye ngemini.
Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezintsha ze-injections ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'GLP-1 agonists' ezisetyenziswa ngoku kwisifo seswekile (ezifana ne-'Semaglutide (Ozempic)`, `Liraglutide (Victoza)`). Ezi zinceda ekuveliseni i-insulin, kwaye zikwanceda ekunciphiseni indlala kwaye zincede ekunciphiseni ubunzima.
Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule malunga namayeza
1. Musa ukoyika iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, qaphela.
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, amayeza esifo seswekile anokuba nemiphumo emibi emincinci. Umzekelo, abanye abantu banokufumana ukuphazamiseka kancinci kwesisu okanye isicaphucaphu kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuqalisa i-metformin. Ezi zinto zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
2. Lumka kakhulu malunga nokwehla kwe-hypoglycemia.
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ingakumbi abo bathatha i-insulin kunye ne-sulfonylureas kufuneka baqaphele oku. I-Hypoglycemia iyenzeka xa inqanaba leswekile egazini lehla kakhulu. Xa oko kusenzeka,
- Ukubila kakhulu.
- Umzimba wam uyangcangcazela.
- Ndiziva ndinesiyezi (ndinesizungu).
- Ndiziva ndilambile kakhulu.
- Kunzima ukugxila.
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, kufuneka utye into emnandi ngoko nangoko (iitispuni ezi-2-3 zeswekile enyibilikiswe emanzini, iglucose, isiselo esimnandi, okanye iqhekeza letofi). Emva koko yitya ukutya okunesitatshi njengerayisi. Ukuba oku kwenzeka rhoqo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho. Amayeza akho anokufuna ukulungiswa.
3. Ungaze uyeke okanye utshintshe amayeza wedwa
Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza akho wedwa, ucinge, "Iswekile yam yegazi iqhelekile ngoku, ngoko ke andidingi mayeza." Oko kuyingozi kakhulu. Iswekile yakho yegazi iphantsi kolawulo kuba uthatha amayeza. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onegunya lokutshintsha idosi, ukuyeka, okanye ukuqala amayeza amatsha.
4. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba usebenzisa amanye amayeza.
Ukuba usebenzisa amanye amayeza, iivithamini, okanye amayeza esintu, nceda wazise ugqirha wakho wesifo seswekile ngazo zonke ezi zinto. Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amayeza esifo seswekile asilotshaba lwakho, ngumhlobo wakho osenyongweni okunceda uphile ubomi obusempilweni.
- Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngedosi efanelekileyo. Ungaze utsibe iidosi.
- Kunye namayeza, ukutya okufanelekileyo kunye nokuzilolonga ngokuqinisekileyo kubalulekile. Awunakuthatha nje amayeza uze ungazenzi ezi zinto zimbini.
- Qaphela iimpawu ze-hypoglycemia. Khumbula into omawuyenze ukuba iyenzeka ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga namayeza akho okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, musa ukukhangela kwi-intanethi, kodwa buza ugqirha wakho ngqo. Uza kukunika icebiso elifanelekileyo.
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