Ngaba unesifo seswekile? Okanye ngaba ilungu losapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho unikwe i-insulin yesifo seswekile ngugqirha? Ngoko ke mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba yintoni i-insulin, zeziphi iintlobo ze-insulin ezikhoyo, kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa. Abantu abaninzi bayayoyika kancinci igama elithi insulin. Kodwa akukho nto yokoyika. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke loo nto, ukuze sifumane iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni yakho, ngendlela elula kakhulu.
Okokuqala, yintoni i-insulin?
Ngamafutshane, i-insulin yi-hormone eveliswa yimizimba yethu. Yenziwa lilungu elibizwa ngokuba yi-pancreas yethu. Ngoko ke, umsebenzi ophambili wale insulin kukunceda iswekile (i-glucose) eyongezwa egazini ekutyeni esikutyayo, ingene kwiiseli zomzimba kwaye incede ezo seli zifumane amandla eziwadingayo. I-insulin isebenza njengesitshixo esivula ucango lwendlu.
Kodwa kumntu onesifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus), umzimba usenokungavelisi i-insulin eyaneleyo, okanye i-insulin eveliswayo isenokungasebenzi kakuhle. Kulapho ke kufuneka sithathe i-insulin ngaphandle, njengeyeza. Oku kwenzelwa ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini.
- Abantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 kufuneka bathathe i-insulin kuba imveliso ye-insulin emizimbeni yabo sele iphantse yayeka ngokupheleleyo.
- Abantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini ngamanye amaxesha banokufuna i-insulin, kodwa uninzi lwabantu lunokulawula iswekile yabo yegazi ngezinye iintlobo zeepilisi kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo seswekile. Ezi zahlulwe ngokwendlela eziqala ukusebenza ngayo emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kangakanani. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo olufanelekileyo kuwe.
Masiziqonde ngokucacileyo ezi ntlobo kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lwe-insulin | Ixesha lokuqalisa | Ixesha eliphakamileyo | Ubude bexesha |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza Umzekelo: Novolog, Humalog | Kwimizuzu eli-15 | Kwisithuba seyure e-1-2 | Malunga neeyure ezi-3-5 |
| Esebenza ixesha elifutshane / Eqhelekileyo Umzekelo: Humulin R | Kwimizuzu engama-30-60 | Kwiiyure ezi-2-4 | Malunga neeyure ezi-5-8 |
| Ukusebenza okuphakathi Umzekelo: Humulin N, Novolin N | Kwisithuba seyure e-1-2 | Kwiiyure ezi-4-12 | Malunga neeyure ezili-12-18 |
| Isebenza ixesha elide Umzekelo: uLantus, uLevemir, uBasaglar | Kwisithuba seyure e-1-2 | Isebenza ngendlela efanayo imini yonke, phantse akukho siphumo siphezulu. | Malunga neeyure ezingama-24 |
| Ixutyiwe kwangaphambili Umzekelo: Umxube weHumalog 70/30 | Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo (imizuzu eli-15-60) | Iyahluka ngohlobo (Incopho Ephindwe Kabini) | Malunga neeyure ezili-10-16 |
I-insulin yeGlargine (umz. iLantus) luhlobo olusebenza ixesha elide. Xa ifakwa kanye ngemini, igubungela iimfuno ze-insulin esisiseko yomzimba malunga neeyure ezingama-24.
Ziziphi iindlela zokungenisa i-insulin emzimbeni?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokuthatha i-insulin. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ukhethe indlela efanelekileyo nefanelekileyo kuwe.
- Iisirinji: Le yindlela yendabuko esetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi. Oku kuquka ukutsala idosi echanekileyo ye-insulin kwi-vial uyifake kwisirinji uze uyifake phantsi kwesikhumba.
- Iipeni: Ezi zifana neepeni. Zinekhatriji ye-insulin kuzo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba utsale amayeza kwi-vial. Ungayifaka ngokulula idosi echanekileyo. Zibiza kancinci kunesirinji, kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa.
- Iimpompo: Ezi zizixhobo ezincinci nezinxitywayo ezihambisa i-insulin encinci emzimbeni ngamaxesha athile. Zingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa i-insulin eninzi emva kokutya.
- Ii-Inhalers: Oku akuxhaphakanga kakhulu eSri Lanka. I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza luhlobo lwe-insulin olunokuphefumlelwa. I-Afrezza lolunye lolo hlobo.
Zeziphi iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokufaka i-insulin?
Isantya sokufakwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni sinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo oyifake kuyo inaliti. Indawo efanelekileyo necetyiswayo sisisu (indawo yesisu) kuba i-insulin ifakwa emzimbeni ngendlela efanayo apho. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ifakwe ubuncinane iisentimitha ezimbini ukusuka kwingono.
Iindawo ezilandelayo ezilungileyo ziingalo eziphezulu (iingalo eziphezulu), amathanga, kunye neempundu .
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Musa ukujova kwindawo enye ngalo lonke ixesha. Ukuba uqhubeka nokujova kwindawo enye, amaqhuma okanye amanxeba anokubakho phantsi kolusu. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, i-insulin ayizukufunxwa kakuhle. Ngoko ke, nokuba ikwindawo enye, shiya isithuba esingangeminwe emibini phakathi kwendawo yokujova yangaphambili.
Ndingayikhetha njani uhlobo lwe-insulin olulungele mna?
Oku akuyonto onokuyithatha ngokwakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kuyihlola ngononophelo imeko yakho aze akunike uhlobo lwe-insulin okanye indibaniselwano yeentlobo ezilungele wena. Uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi xa esenza eso sigqibo, kuquka:
- Indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kwi-insulin.
- Indlela ophila ngayo (oko ukutyayo nokuselayo, ubungakanani bomthambo owenzayo).
- Ungayitofa kangaphi ngemini?
- Ujonga kangaphi amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho?
- iminyaka yakho.
- Iinjongo zakho zokulawula iswekile.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-insulin?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, i-insulin inokuba nemiphumo emibi, kodwa le miphumo idla ngokulawulwa.
- Iswekile egazini ephantsi kakhulu (iHypoglycemia):Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo nebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyilumkele. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokubila, ukungcangcazela, indlala egqithisileyo, ukungazinzi, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka uthabathe into emnandi ngoko nangoko (iswekile, iswekile, isiselo esimnandi).
- Ukwanda kobunzima: Usenokutyeba kancinci xa uqala ukusebenzisa i-insulin.
- Amaqhuma okanye amanxeba kwiindawo ezifakwe inaliti: Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uqhubeka ufaka inaliti kwindawo enye.
- Urhawuzelelo okanye ukurhawuzelela kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti.
Ungayigcina njani i-insulin ngokuchanekileyo?
Ukuze i-insulin ihlale isebenza kakuhle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyigcina ngokuchanekileyo.
- Gcina iibhotile okanye iipeni ezingasetyenziswanga, ezingasetyenziswanga efrijini. Kodwa ungaze uzigcine efrijini. Musa ukuvumela i-insulin ukuba iqine.
- Ungagcina ibhotile yakho yangoku okanye ipeni kubushushu begumbi (malunga neentsuku ezingama-28-30), kodwa yigcine kude nelanga elithe ngqo kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo.
- Jonga ibhotile ye-insulin phambi kokuba uyisebenzise. Iintlobo ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza nezisebenza ngokukhawuleza kufuneka zibe lulwelo olucacileyo. Iintlobo ezisebenza phakathi kufuneka zibe nobisi kwaye zibe namafu, kodwa akufuneki zibe namaqhuqhuva.
- Ukuba i-insulin yakho itshintshile okanye iphelelwe lixesha, ungayisebenzisi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-insulin liyeza elisindisa ubomi elibalulekileyo ekulawuleni isifo seswekile. Musa ukuyoyika.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokumisela uhlobo kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo kuwe.
- Ungaze utshintshe uhlobo lwe-insulin yakho, idosi, okanye ixesha lokujova ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Xa ufaka i-insulin, yijike indawo efakwe kuyo inaliti endaweni yokuyifaka kwindawo enye yonke imihla. Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni iingxaki zolusu.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina i-insulin ngokuchanekileyo. Qaphela ukuba zeziphi ekufuneka zigcinwe efrijini kwaye zeziphi ezinokugcinwa kubushushu begumbi.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga ne-insulin, qiniseka ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho ngayo.
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