Ngaba uyayazi iDiabulimia, isifo esiyingozi esihamba nesifo seswekile?

Ukuba uphila neSifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, uyazi ukuba kunokuba nzima kangakanani. Kungavakala ngathi kukulwa rhoqo nokutya, i-insulin, kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini. Kodwa kunye nale mingeni, kukho esinye isifo esinzima esinokukufikela ngenkani size sibe yingozi ebomini. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngesinye sezifo ezinjalo, i-diabulimia.

Yintoni kanye kanye iDiabulimia?

Ngamafutshane, iDiabulimia yimeko apho umntu onesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 engayithathi ngabom i-insulin eyaneleyo okanye angayithathi i-insulin eyaneleyo ukuze anciphise umzimba. Oku kuthathwa njengengxaki yokutya ngoogqirha.

Xa usiva igama elithi "diabulimia," abanye abantu banokucinga ukuba le yimeko efana ne "bulimia nervosa." Oko kukuthi, kufana nokutya kakhulu uze uphinde uhlanze. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu one-diabulimia owenza oku. Abanye abantu banciphisa kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwe-insulin kwaye banokugcina ezinye iindlela zokutya njengesiqhelo. Ke ngoko, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi "Eating Disorder in Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (ED-DMT1)."

Wakuba unciphise i-insulin yakho kwaye wehlise umzimba, unokucinga, "Ekugqibeleni ndiyakwazi ukulawula umzimba wam." Kodwa inyani yile, le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni ukwehla kobunzima kwenzeka xa i-insulin ilahlekile? Ingaba iyingozi?

Imizimba yethu ifuna i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin ukuze ifumane amandla ekutyeni esikutyayo. I-insulin yiyo ethatha i-glucose, okanye iswekile, egazini lethu iye kwiiseli zomzimba ize iyiguqule ibe ngamandla.

Khawucinge nje, umntu onesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 akavelisi i-insulin eyaneleyo emzimbeni wakhe. Emva koko loo mntu kufuneka athathe i-insulin ngaphandle. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unciphisa ngabom ubungakanani be-insulin oyithathayo? Iiseli zomzimba azikwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose. Emva koko umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokufumana amandla. Oko kukuthi, uzama ukwakha amandla ngokutshisa amafutha kunye nemisipha.

Nokuba utya kangakanani na, umzimba wakho awunakufumana amandla kuloo nto yokutya, ngoko ke into eyenzekayo kukuba umzimba wakho "uyalamba." Yiyo le nto ibangela ukwehla kobunzima.

Kodwa ukunciphisa umzimba ngale ndlela kuyingozi kakhulu.Enye kukuba iikhemikhali eziyingozi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-ketones zinokuqokelelana egazini, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimeko enokuba yingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Enye kukuba ukuba i-insulin ayanelanga, amanzi amaninzi anokulahleka emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Nangona oku kuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokubonakala ngathi kuya kukunceda unciphise umzimba, kukwayingozi kakhulu emzimbeni.

Zithini iimpawu zeDiabulimia?

Kule meko, iimpawu ezithile zomzimba, zengqondo, kunye nokuziphatha zinokubonakala.

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo

• Ixabiso le-HbA1c eliyi-9.0% nangaphezulu: Oku kubonisa ukuba inqanaba lakho eliqhelekileyo leswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo liphezulu kakhulu.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukudinwa nokuquleka.
• Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte kwi-electrolytes yomzimba (i-sodium, i-potassium).
• Ndihlala ndiziva ndidiniwe kwaye ndidiniwe.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukunxanwa kakhulu rhoqo kunye nokuchama rhoqo.
• Ukungaqheleki kwemijikelo yokuya exesheni kwabasetyhini.
• Ukutshintsha kombono, umbono ofipheleyo.

Iimpawu zeemvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha

• Ukungafumani matyelelo ezonyango anxulumene nesifo seswekile.
• Ukoyika iswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia) kuba kufuneka utye.
• Uloyiko "lokutyeba xa uthatha i-insulin."
• Ukulawula isifo seswekile kuvakala njengomthwalo omkhulu kunye noxinzelelo (uxinzelelo lweswekile kunye nokudinwa).
• Ukungayithathi rhoqo imiyalelo ye-insulin okanye ukuyithatha kade.
• Umsindo okhawulezileyo, utshintsho oluqhelekileyo lweemvakalelo.
• Ukugcina iimfihlo kwabanye malunga nendlela olawula ngayo isifo sakho seswekile.
• Ukuvela rhoqo okanye ukusondela kwi-ketoacidosis yesifo seswekile (i-DKA).
• Ukunganiki i-insulin (bolus) efunekayo xa kutyiwa okanye ukuyinika incinci kakhulu.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unenye yezi mpawu okanye ezingaphezulu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-diabulimia ichaphazela umntu omnye kwabalishumi elinanye abantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1. Oku kuthetha ukuba isenokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kunokuba sicinga.

Zithini izizathu zeDiabulimia?

Akukho sizathu sinye se-diabulimia. Iingxaki zokutya ezinje ngezi ziimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Zinokubangelwa kukudibana kweengxaki zempilo yomzimba, yentlalo neyengqondo.

Uxinzelelo lwengqondo olubangelwa kukulawula isifo seswekile nalo lunokuba yinxalenye yalo.

• Kufuneka uhlale ucinga ngokutya, ingakumbi ukubala iicarbohydrates.
• Kubalulekile ukufunda iilebheli zesondlo ngononophelo.
• Kubalulekile ukurekhoda nokujonga rhoqo izinto ezifana namanqanaba eswekile egazini, amanqanaba e-HbA1c, kunye nobunzima bomzimba.

Kunye nezi zinto, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela uphuhliso lwe-diabulimia:

• Umnqweno onamandla wokunciphisa umzimba.
• Iingxaki zomfanekiso womzimba.
• Uxinzelelo lwesifo seswekile.
• Kwezinye iinkcubeko, umzimba "obhityileyo" uthathwa njengomhle.
• Ukuziva ngathi abanankxaso.
• Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo, ingakumbi ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba.
• Xa iswekile egazini yehla, kufuneka utye.
• Ifuthe labangani.
• Ukuba ukhe wanengxaki yokutya ngaphambili.
• Iziganeko ezibuhlungu ebomini.
• Umnqweno wokulawula into ethile ebomini.
• Ukwanda kobunzima emva kwesifo seswekile kuqala kufunyaniswa kwaye unyango luqala.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe unezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokuvela koku?

I-Diabulimia inokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu kwixesha elifutshane nelide.

Iingxaki zexesha elifutshane

Uninzi lwale nto lubangelwa kukuphakama rhoqo kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini.

• I-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA): Oku kunokuba yingozi.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu.
• Ukuphola kwenxeba okulibazisekileyo.
• Iintsholongwane ezifana neStaph.
• Usulelo lweMvubelo kunye nosulelo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs).
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha.

Iingxaki zexesha elide

Ezi ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo zesifo seswekile, kodwa zinokuvela ngokukhawuleza nangokuqatha ngakumbi kubantu abane-diabulimia.

• Isifo sentliziyo.
• Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo emehlweni (i-Retinopathy) - Oku kunokukhokelela nasekungabonini.
• Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kwimilenze (Neuropathies) - Oku kunokubangela ukungaziva, iintlungu, kunye nokulahlekelwa zimvakalelo nasemva kokwenzakala.
• I-Gastroparesis - Ukucotha kokugaywa kokutya.
• Isifo sezintso - Oku kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwezintso kwanokuba yimfuneko ye-dialysis.
• Isifo sesibindi.

Ezi ngxaki zinokubangela ukuba umntu alaliswe esibhedlele rhoqo aze afe ngaphambi kwexesha.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Iingxaki zokutya zihlala zinzima ukuzifumanisa kuba zihlala zifihliwe. Abantu abaninzi abanezi meko abazifumani unyango. Oku kunokuba yinyani ngakumbi kubantu abane-diabulimia. Abantu abanesifo seswekile badla ngokoyika ukutyholwa ngoogqirha okanye lusapho lwabo ngokungasiphathi kakuhle isifo sabo seswekile.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abantu abaninzi abane-diabulimia abafumani zimpawu.

Ukuba umntu osondeleyo kuwe unezinga le-HbA1c eliyi-9.0% nangaphezulu, okanye ukuba uhlala efumana i-DKA ngaphandle kwesizathu esinye, unokukrokrela ukuba une-diabulimia.

Ekubeni kunzima ukuqaphela unobangela ochanekileyo weswekile ephezulu egazini rhoqo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuze abanye bazi ngale meko, umntu ngokwakhe kufuneka avume ukuba ngabom uthintela ukusetyenziswa kwe-insulin.

Iphathwa njani iDiabulimia? (Unyango)

Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango lwe-diabulimia zezi:

• Ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini kunye nobunzima bomzimba ngendlela esempilweni.
• Ukuthintela iingxaki zesifo seswekile sexesha elifutshane nelide.
• Ukunyanga iingxaki zengqondo ezibangela i-diabulimia.

Ukudibanisa olu hlobo lonyango lulandelayo kudla ngokusetyenziswa oku:

• Uvavanyo lwezonyango kunye/okanye ukulaliswa esibhedlele: Ukuba unesifo esifana ne-DKA, kuya kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye unyangwe. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunokufuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-insulin ayithintelwanga kwaye kujongwe ezinye iingxaki zokutya. Oogqirha banokucebisa novavanyo lokujonga iingxaki.
• Unyango lwengqondo (unyango lokuthetha): Oku kukunceda utshintshe indlela yokucinga enengxaki kunye neendlela zokuziphatha. Abantu abanesifo seswekile banamathuba amabini ukuya kwamathathu okuba noxinzelelo kwaye malunga nama-20% amathuba okuba noxinzelelo. Unyango lwengqondo lunokunyangela ezi meko. Kwakhona, ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo zakho ngesifo seswekile kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukudinwa yiswekile.
• Imfundo ngesondlo kunye/okanye ulawulo lwesifo seswekile: Ukuba nokuqonda kakuhle isifo seswekile kunokukunika ukuzithemba kokusilawula. Ungasebenzisana neNgcali yoNyango lweSifo seswekile eQinisekisiweyo (CDCES) ukuze ufunde ngebhayoloji yesifo seswekile kunye namaqhinga okulawula. Imfundo ngesondlo inokukunceda utshintshe iinkolelo ezimbi malunga nokutya okuthile (ezifana "neekhabhohayidreyithi ezimbi") kunye nezinye iindlela zokutya ezingalunganga.
• Amayeza okulawula ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha angakunika amayeza oku.

Ngenxa yokuba i-diabulimia yimeko echaphazela zombini iinkalo zomzimba nezengqondo, unyango lufuna uncedo lwababoneleli beenkonzo zonyango ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo:

• Iingcali eziQinisekisiweyo zoNyango lweSifo seswekile kunye neMfundo (CDCES).
• Iingcali ze-Endocrinologists - Oogqirha abaziingcali kwiihomoni.
• Iingcali zengqondo.
• Iingcali zokutya ezibhalisiweyo.

Zithini amathuba okuchacha kule meko? (Ingqikelelo)

Imbono yomntu one-diabulimia ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Ixesha elide kangakanani imeko ye-diabulimia ikho.
• Ingakanani kwaye kangaphi i-insulin inqunyelwe.
• Nokuba kukho ezinye iindlela zokutya ezingalunganga.
• Uhlobo lonyango olufumanayo kunye nokuba uzimisele kangakanani na kolo nyango.

I-Diabulimia inokuba mandundu ukuba ayinyangwa. Okukhona ufumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo ziba ngcono. Kodwa rhoqo, abantu abane-diabulimia abazibonakalisi ukuba banciphisa i-insulin yabo ngabom. Basenokungavumi unyango okanye bangalandeli isicwangciso sonyango.

I-Diabulimia sisifo sokutya esinokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye sisongela ubomi ukuba asinyangwa. Nangona abantu abanesifo seswekile benokuba nexesha elifutshane lokuphila kunoluntu ngokubanzi, abantu abane-diabulimia basengozini enkulu yokufa ngaphambi kwabo banesifo seswekile kuphela.

Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-diabulimia yimeko enokunyangeka. Inkxaso yabantu obathandayo inokunceda kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umntu onesi sifo uzimisele kunyango.

Ukuba uneDiabulimia, uzinyamekela njani? / Ungalufumana njani uncedo?

Oku kunokuba yinto enzima neyoyikisayo ukuyithetha, kodwa ukuba une-diabulimia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela umntu ngayo.

Ukuba sele ufunyenwe une-diabulimia, hlala uzimisele kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango:

• Thatha imithamo yakho ye-insulin emiselweyo ngexesha.
• Ukuba uneminye imithi oyinikwe ngugqirha, yithathe ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukuba ufumana unyango lokuthetha, bonana nogqirha wakho rhoqo.
• Cela inkxaso kusapho nakubahlobo.
• Cinga ngokujoyina amaqela enkxaso kubantu abanesifo seswekile kunye/okanye i-diabulimia.
• Ziphephe izinto ezinokubangela ukuba umntu azive enesifo seswekile (ezifana neendaba zoluntu).
• Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo.
• Yiba nobubele kuwe. Cinga ngawe.

Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 sisifo esinzima, esinzima ukusilawula, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sinzima kakhulu. Kodwa yazi ukuba awuwedwa - wonke umntu onesifo seswekile uneengxaki zakhe ebomini. Kodwa isifo seswekile sisifo esinzulu esinokuba nemiphumo emibi kwimpilo. Inyathelo lokuqala lokwaphula lo mjikelo unzima nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni kukucela uncedo. Oogqirha bakho kunye nabantu obathandayo balapha ukukunceda.

Amanqaku amafutshane ekufuneka uwakhumbule

Kulungile, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Diabulimia yimeko enzima apho umntu onesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 ethintela ngabom ukusetyenziswa kwe-insulin ukuze anciphise umzimba.
• Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu, ezisongela ubomi, ezifutshane nezexesha elide.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyichonga kwangethuba kwaye ufumane unyango olupheleleyo olugubungela iinkalo zonyango, zengqondo, kunye nezondlo.
• Inkxaso yosapho nabahlobo ibalulekile kolu hambo.
• Ukuba unengxaki efana nale, ungoyiki ukucela uncedo. Awuwedwa.

I- Diabulimia, Isifo seswekile, Uhlobo loku-1 lwesifo seswekile, i-insulin, iSifo sokutya, iSifo sokutya, ukwehla kobunzima, impilo yengqondo