Ngaba umntwana wakho uziva enxaniwe kakhulu kunesiqhelo kule mihla? Ngaba kufuneka achame rhoqo? Ngaba uziva ngathi ulahlekelwa bubunzima nangona esitya kakuhle? Ezi zinto zingabonakala ngathi zizinto ezilula, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba ziimpawu zokuqala zesifo esibizwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 ebantwaneni. Esi sisifo esingapheliyo esixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni. Ngoko ke njengabazali, kubalulekile ukuba sikuqaphele oku kwaye singabi naxhala ngako.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo seswekile sohlobo lokuqala kwaba bantwana?
Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba. Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela (umkhosi osikhusela kwizifo) ihlasela ngempazamo kwaye itshabalalise iiseli ezivelisa i-insulin (ezibizwa ngokuba zii-beta cells) kwipancreas yethu.
Cinga ngayo, i-insulin sisitshixo esivula ucango lokuba iswekile (iglucose) egazini lethu ingene kwiiseli zomzimba. Ngoko ke xa ezi seli zivelisa i-insulin zitshatyalaliswa, umzimba uyeka ukuvelisa i-insulin oyidingayo. Emva koko inqanaba leswekile egazini linyuka ngendlela eyingozi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Type 1 diabetes.
Abantu abaninzi bayabhidanisa isifo seswekile sohlobo 1 kunye nesohlobo 2. Kwisifo seswekile sohlobo 2, umzimba uvelisa i-insulin, kodwa iiseli aziphenduli kakuhle kuso (ukunganyamezelani ne-insulin). Nangona kunjalo, kwisifo seswekile sohlobo 1, ukuveliswa kwe-insulin kuyayeka. Ke ngoko, umntwana onesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 kufuneka anikwe i-insulin evela ngaphandle yonke imihla ukuze aphile.
Nangona le meko inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, idla ngokubonakala xa iphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 okanye ngexesha lokufikisa kwasekuqaleni (iminyaka eli-10-14).
Kutheni abantwana befumana le meko?
Akukho sizathu sicacileyo sale nto, kodwa oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba ikakhulu yindibaniselwano yezinto ezimbini:
1. Ukuthambekela kwiMfuzo: Abanye abantwana bathambekele kwimfuza ekukhuleni kwezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngokukodwa, utshintsho kwinkqubo yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-``(HLA)`` lufunyenwe lunxulumene noku.
2. Izinto Ezibangela Ingxaki Yendalo: Esi sifo asiphumi ngenxa yemfuza. Kufuneka siphulwe yinto ethile ebangela intsholongwane. Ezinye zezi zinto ziquka:
- Ezinye izinto umama adibana nazo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.
- Ezinye iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane umntwana anokuzifumana ebuntwaneni.
- Ukutya komntwana.
- Uluntu lweebhaktheriya eziluncedo emzimbeni (`microbiome`).
Ngenxa yezi zizathu, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iyabhideka ize iqalise ukuvelisa ii-antibodies (`autoantibodies`) nxamnye neeseli ezenza i-insulin. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ezi seli zitshatyalalisiwe ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zesifo seswekile ziqala ukubonakala.
Ungayibona njani? - Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neengxamiseko
Lumkela ezi mpawu kumntwana wakho. Zinokuba mandundu kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kweentsuku, iiveki, okanye iinyanga.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukoma okugqithisileyo | Umnqweno wokusela amanzi amaninzi kunesiqhelo. |
| Ukuchama kakhulu | Kwanomntwana oqeqeshwe kwindlu yangasese unokuqalisa ukumanzisa ibhedi ebusuku. Amanapkeni eentsana ezincinci azalisa ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba nangona usitya kakuhle | Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engaqondakaliyo nangona usitya kakuhle. |
| Indlala egqithisileyo | Ukucela ukutya rhoqo kunesiqhelo, esithi ulambile. |
| Ukudinwa | Umntwana uhlala elele kwaye engenabomi. |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Umntwana unokukwazi ukukuxelela naluphi na utshintsho embonweni. |
| Ingxamiseko efuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo: DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis) | |
| Umoya onuka iziqhamo | Umoya unuka njengesiqhamo, iwayini, okanye isixhobo sokususa ipolishi yeenzipho. |
| Ukuhlanza kunye nentlungu yesisu | Ukuhlanza rhoqo kunye nentlungu eqatha yesisu. |
| Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza | Ukwanda kwesantya sokuphefumla. |
| Ukudideka kunye nokozela | Ukuziphatha komntwana kuyatshintsha, adideke, alale kakhulu, okanye alahlekelwe zingqondo. |
Kubaluleke kakhulu: I-DKA (`i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis`) yingxamiseko yezonyango esongela ubomi. Ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu ze-DKA ezingentla, mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo elikufutshane (i-ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
Ugqirha angakuqinisekisa njani oku?
Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha, baya kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi olulula ukuqinisekisa isifo seswekile.
- Uvavanyo lweGlucose egazini: Amanqanaba eswekile egazini alinganiswa nokuba kuxa uzila ukutya okanye nangaliphi na ixesha (ngokungacwangciswanga).
- Uvavanyo lwe-A1c: Olu vavanyo lunokumisela umgangatho ophakathi weswekile egazini lomntwana kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody: Nje ukuba isifo siqinisekiswe, igazi liyavavanywa ukuba likhona na i-antibodies (`autoantibodies`) ezichasene neeseli ezivelisa i-insulin ukuqinisekisa ukuba sisifo seswekile sohlobo 1.
- Inqanaba le-C-peptide: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekufumaneni ukuba ingakanani i-insulin eveliswa ngumzimba. Kwisifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, eli nqanaba liphantsi kakhulu.
Iphathwa njani? - Indlela yokulawula oku
Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 asinakunyangeka. Kodwa ngokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, umntwana wakho unokuphila ubomi obusempilweni nobusebenzayo. Ugqirha wakho uhlala ethumela umntwana wakho kugqirha ochwephesha kwisifo seswekile (ingcali ye-endocrinologist yabantwana). Kukho izinto ezintathu eziphambili ekulawulweni.
1. Jonga rhoqo amanqanaba eswekile egazini (Ukubeka esweni iswekile egazini)
Inqanaba leswekile egazini lomntwana kufuneka lihlolwe amaxesha amaninzi ngemini kusetyenziswa i-glucometer. Izixhobo ezintsha, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM), zinokujonga rhoqo amanqanaba eswekile ngesensa encinci ebekwe phantsi kolusu.
2. Iinaliti ze-insulin
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yolawulo. Umntwana wakho kuya kufuneka afake i-insulin imihla ngemihla, amaxesha amaninzi ngemini. Ngamanye amaxesha kungasetyenziswa ipompo ye-insulin. Ubungakanani be-insulin oza kunikwa buya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinto umntwana wakho ayityayo, ukuba benza umthambo ongakanani, kunye nexesha losuku. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela oku.
3. Ukubalwa kweecarbohydrate kunye nokutya
Kufuneka ufunde ukubala ubungakanani beecarbohydrates ekutyeni komntwana wakho uze umisele idosi ye-insulin ngokufanelekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo kwingcali yezokutya ukuze ufumane oku. Ingqwalasela apha kukubonelela ngokutya okunempilo nokulinganayo.
Singamnceda njani umntwana onesifo seswekile?
Lo ngumceli mngeni kubazali nakumntwana. Kodwa inkxaso yakho kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle zizinto eziqinisa umntwana.
- Hlala unethemba: Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 baphila ubomi obusempilweni nobusebenzayo, ngoko ke ungoyiki.
- Musa ukumgxeka umntwana wakho: Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba wenza yonke into ngokuchanekileyo, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho asenokunyuka aze ehle. Endaweni yokumthethisa umntwana wakho, gxila kwinto ekufuneka yenziwe ngelo xesha.
- Yenza umntwana wakho azimele: Fundisa umntwana wakho kancinci kancinci ukulawula imeko yakhe. Ziqhelise ukujonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakhe nokubala i-insulin ngokwakhe.
- Yazisa abanye: Gcina usapho lomntwana, ootitshala, kunye nabahlobo benolwazi ngale meko. Bachazele ukuba benze ntoni xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Lungela iimeko ezingxamisekileyo: Inqanaba leswekile egazini eliphantsi kakhulu (i-hypoglycemia) yimeko engxamisekileyo. Gcina into efana nenaliti yeglucagon ikufutshane ukuze uyinike xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seswekile sohlobo lokuqala asibangelwa yimpazamo yomntwana, sisifo esibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Le yimeko ehlala ubomi bonke, kodwa inokulawulwa kakuhle ngonyango lwe-insulin, ukutya okufanelekileyo, kunye nokujonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nokunxanwa kakhulu, ukuchama rhoqo, okanye ukwehla kobunzima nangona esitya kakuhle, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuphefumla okuneziqhamo, ukuhlanza, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nokulala kakhulu (iimpawu ze-DKA) zizinto ezibangela ukuba umntu aphefumle kakhulu.Ingxamiseko efuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngenkxaso nemfundo efanelekileyo, umntwana onesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 unokuphila ubomi obonwabisayo, obusempilweni nobunempumelelo ngokupheleleyo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho