Ngaba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waphathwa sisisu kangangeentsuku ezininzi? Okanye amehlo akho ajika abe tyheli, njenge-jaundice? Xa uya kugqirha ngexesha elinje, aze akuxelele ukuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwe-ERCP, ungaziva uloyiko ngequbuliso. "Yintoni le ERCP?" Unokucinga. Ngoko ke namhlanje, ngokulula nje, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo, masifunde yonke into malunga nolu vavanyo lwe-ERCP.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-ERCP?
Igama elipheleleyo le-ERCP lithi ``Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography''. Nangona eli gama lide kancinci, intsingiselo yalo ilula kakhulu. Le yinkqubo ekhethekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuxilonga kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inyange iingxaki ze-bile ducts kunye ne-pancreatic ducts kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya.
Khawuthelekelele oku kwenziwa ngesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"endoscope." Oko kukuthi, ityhubhu ende nebhityileyo. Inekhamera encinci kunye nesibane kwelinye icala. Ugqirha ufaka le tyhubhu ngomlomo wakho aze ayidlulise kancinci esiswini sakho ide ifike kwi-"duodenum," inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci.
Akufika apho, ugqirha ufaka idayi ekhethekileyo ngetyhubhu. Emva koko, uthatha i-X-ray ukuze abone ukuba idayi ihamba njani ngetyhubhu. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo okanye amatye kwityhubhu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba into efana namatye enyongo inamathele kwityhubhu, inokususwa ngexesha lovavanyo.
Zithini ii-bile ducts kunye nee-pancreatic ducts?
Ezi zifana nenkqubo encinci yemibhobho engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.
- Imibhobho yenyongo: Le mibhobho ithwala inyongo, ulwelo olwenziwa sisibindi sethu, iye kwinyongo nakwithumbu elincinci. Le nyongo inceda ekunyibilikiseni amafutha ekutyeni esikutyayo.
- Ii-Pancreatic ducts: Ezi ducts zithwala iijusi ezenziwe yi-pancreas ziye emathunjini amancinci. Ezi jusi ziqulathe ii-enzymes ezinceda ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-ERCP kunye ne-MRCP?
Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-MRCP. I-MRCP imele `(Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography)`. Nangona zombini zisetyenziselwa ukujonga inkqubo ye-duct efanayo, ezi ndlela zimbini zahlukile kakhulu. Endaweni yokufaka ikhamera njengakwi-ERCP, i-MRCP ibandakanya ukufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo emthanjeni nokwenza iskena `(MRI)`.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ukuze siqonde umahluko.
| Uphawu | I-ERCP (nge-endoscopy) | I-MRCP (nge-MRI scan) |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela | Isixhobo (i-endoscope) sifakwa emzimbeni (esingena emzimbeni). | Akukho nto ifakwa emzimbeni. Iskenwa ngaphandle (ayingenisi). |
| Injongo ephambili | Kwangaxeshanye xa kufunyaniswa isifo, unyango olufana nokususwa kwamatye kunye nokufakwa kwe-stent lunokwenziwa. | Kuphela kufuneka umfanekiso wenkqubo yemithambo yegazi ukuze kufunyanwe isifo. Unyango alunakwenzeka. |
| I-Anesthesia | Ngokwesiqhelo kubangela ukungazi nto okanye ukunxila. | Akukho mfuneko yokusetyenziswa kwe-anesthesia. |
Ukuba i-MRCP ifumanisa ukuba kukho ingxaki, kuya kufuneka uye kwenye inkqubo (edla ngokuba yi-ERCP) ukuze uyinyange.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-ERCP?
Ugqirha angakucebisa i-ERCP ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba unesifo sesisu ongenakukwazi ukusifumana unobangela waso .
- Ukuba amehlo okanye ulusu luba tyheli (i-jaundice).
- Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba amatye enyongo okanye ezinye izinto (ezifana neethumba) zivala imibhobho yenyongo.
- Ukuba ucinga ukuba imibhobho yenyongo okanye imibhobho yepancreas ivalekile okanye inciphile .
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho ulwelo oluphuma kule mibhobho.
- Khangela usulelo kwinkqubo yomchamo.
Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa i-ERCP ukuba kukho ithemba lokunyanga imeko endaweni yokuyixilonga. Oku kungenxa yokuba nayiphi na inkqubo ebandakanya ukufaka isixhobo emzimbeni inomngcipheko omncinci. Nangona kunjalo, i-ERCP idla ngokuba yinkqubo engenamngcipheko uphezulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela iingxaki ezinokubakho ngaphambi kwenkqubo.
Ulungiselela njani olu vavanyo?
Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-ERCP. Qiniseka ukuba uyazixoxa nogqirha wakho.
- Sixelele ngezinye izifo onazo: Ukuba ukhulelwe, unesifo semiphunga okanye sentliziyo, unesifo seswekile, okanye une-allergies kuyo nayiphi na imithi, kufuneka usixelele konke oku.
- Ukuba uthatha i-insulin xa unesifo seswekile: Kusenokufuneka ulungise umthamo wakho we-insulin ngosuku lovavanyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho weswekile ngale nto.
- Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi: Ukuba uthatha amayeza anjenge-'Aspirin', 'Clopidogrel (Plavix)', 'Warfarin', ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuwathatha loo mayeza kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ungaze uyeke ukuwathatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuzila ukutya iiyure ezisi-8: Kungcono ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto iiyure ezisi-8 ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Yiba nomntu oza kukugodusa: Ungaziva unesiyezi emva kovavanyo. Ngoko ke, cela umntu onoxanduva akugoduse. Musa ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini iiyure ezisi-8.
- Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndihlale esibhedlele?: Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke emva kovavanyo. Lungisa izinto ezifunekayo, njengempahla, ukuze wenze loo nto.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-ERCP?
Yonke le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha malunga neyure enye ukuya kwezimbini. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ungagoduka ngaloo mini inye.
Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo luqale, umqala wakho uya kuba ne-nausea. Uza kunikwa ne-sedative ngemithambo yegazi. Emva koko, ugqirha uza kufaka i-endoscope ngomlomo wakho aze ayikhokele kuloo ndawo.
Unyango olunokwenziwa ngexesha le-ERCP
Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu zoku kukuba unyango oluninzi lunokwenziwa ngaxeshanye nolu vavanyo, ngaphandle kokufuna utyando olwahlukileyo.
- Ukususwa kwamatye: Amatye enyongo anamathele kwimibhobho anokubanjwa, atyunyuzwe, aze asuswe ngesixhobo esincinci esifana nebhasikithi esidluliselwa kwi-endoscope.
- I-Biopsy: Ukuba kukho into ekrokrisayo kwimibhobho, njengeqhuma, iqhekeza elincinci lalo lingathathwa lithunyelwe "kwi-biopsy" ukuze kuhlolwe iiseli zomhlaza.
- Ukwanda: Umbhobho oncitshisiweyo ungandiswa ngokufaka ibhaluni encinci kuwo uze uwuvuthele.
- Ukubekwa kweStent: Ukuba isitya kufuneka sigcinwe sivulekile, ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh ebizwa ngokuba yi-stent ingafakwa ngaphakathi kuso.
- I-Sphincterotomy: Ngamanye amaxesha izihlunu ezikuvuleko lwe-urethra (i-Sphincter of Oddi) zinokuba mxinwa. Le nkqubo ingasetyenziselwa ukuyikhulisa ngokwenza umsikelo omncinci.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo? Kunye neengozi?
Emva kovavanyo, uza kugcinwa phantsi koqwalaselo malunga neyure enye ukuya kwezimbini ngaphambi kokuba ungeniswe kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Usenokuba neentlungu zexeshana, njengokukrweleka okuncinci emqaleni wakho.
Nangona i-ERCP ngokubanzi iyinkqubo engenabungozi buphezulu, iingxaki zinokwenzeka kubantu abambalwa kakhulu .
- Iimpendulo kwimithi yokuthomalalisa umzimba.
- Ukunganyamezelani nolwelo oluhlabayo (idayi).
- Ukudumba kwepancreas (iPancreatitis).
- Iimeko ezibangela usulelo.
- Ukwenzakala okanye ukopha esiswini okanye emathunjini okubangelwa yi-endoscope.
Iimpawu zesilumkiso ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo!
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi kwiiyure ezingama-72 emva kovavanyo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko uze uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele.
| Iimpawu ezifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo | |
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Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ERCP yinkqubo ebalulekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuxilonga nokunyanga izifo ze-bile ducts kunye ne-pancreatic ducts.
- Olu luvavanyo oluhlala lungekho mngcipheko mkhulu, kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha (njengokuzila ukutya kunye namayeza) ngononophelo ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Qiniseka ukuba ulungiselela ukuba umntu akuse ekhaya emva kovavanyo.
- Musa ukungazihoyi naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga (ingakumbi iintlungu zesisu eziqatha, umkhuhlane) ezenzeka emva kovavanyo. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
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