Ukuba negazi esitulweni sakho kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo nakubani na. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngamanye amaxesha igazi linokubakho esitulweni sakho, nokuba lincinci kangangokuba kunzima ukulibona? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olulula kakhulu, kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu oluhlola igazi "elifihliweyo" elingabonakaliyo emehlweni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhutywa lindle (FOBT)?
Nangona igama lisenokuvakala ngathi lelesayensi, le nkqubo ilula kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwegazi oluvela kwiFecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) luvavanyo olusebenzisa iikhemikhali ukukhangela igazi elincinci elikwindle yakho elincinci kakhulu ukuba lingabonwa ngeliso lenyama. Igama elithi "Occult" apha lithetha "elifihliweyo." Oku kuthetha ukuba likhangela igazi esingenakulibona ngeliso lenyama.
Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa kuphela ukuba kukho igazi na kwindle yakho. Kodwa alunakubonisa ngqo apho igazi livela khona. Khawuthelekelele ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo "zilungile". Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho igazi kwindle yakho. Oku kusenokubangelwa kukukhula okuncinci (iipolyps) kwi-colon yakho okanye kwi-rectum. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lokuqala lomhlaza we-colon. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Oku akufuneki kube yinto enzulu rhoqo. Kunokubangelwa naziimeko zempilo ezincinci.
Zithini izizathu zokuba kubekho igazi esitulweni?
Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kubekho igazi esitulweni, ezibonakalayo nezingabonakaliyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Isizathu esinokwenzeka | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iipolyps kwikholoni | Ezi zinokuba zingenabungozi okanye zibe yingozi. Zingabangela ukopha. |
| IiHemorrhoids | Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi ejikeleze i-anus. Oku kunokwenzakala kwaye kophe igazi ngexesha lokuhamba kwamathumbu. |
| Iimfantu zempundu | Ukuqhekeka okuncinci kulusu olujikeleze i-anus. Oku kudla ngokuvela kwiimeko ezifana nokuqhinwa. |
| Usulelo lwamathumbu kunye nezilonda | Ukopha kungabangelwa zizifo okanye izilonda kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya. |
| Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo | Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-ulcerative colitis kunye nesifo sikaCrohn zinokubangela ukuba ulwelo lwamathumbu lonakale kwaye luphume igazi. |
| Izifo ezahlukeneyo | Iingxowa ezincinci eludongeni lwekholoni. Ezi zinokopha ukuba zinosulelo. |
Ngamanye amaxesha igazi elikwisitulo linokuba bomvu ngokuqaqambileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha linokuba mnyama kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-melena. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-FOBT lubalulekile ekufumaneni igazi elingabonakaliyo emehlweni.
Ziziphi iindlela zokwenza olu vavanyo?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-FOBT. Zonke ziquka ukuqokelela nokuvavanya isampuli yendle yakho.
1. Inkqubo yeKhadi leGuaiac (iGuaiac FOBT - gFOBT)
Kule meko, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika ikhadi elikhethekileyo. Okufuneka ukwenze kukuba, emva kokuba usele indle iintsuku ezimbalwa, thatha isampuli encinci yendle yakho ngesixhobo esincinci uze uyibeke kwindawo echaziweyo ekhadini. Ngokwesiqhelo, ucelwa ukuba uthathe isampuli yeentsuku ezintathu. Emva koko, kufuneka uyise ikhadi kwilebhu okanye kugqirha wakho.
2. I-Immunochemical FOBT (FIT)
Le yindlela entsha nenobuthathaka ngakumbi. Ibandakanya ukuqokelela isampuli yesitulo kwityhubhu ekhethekileyo oqhele ukuyifumana. Oku kulula kunendlela yangaphambili. Ikwafuna ukuncitshiswa kokutya nokusela ngaphambi kovavanyo.
3. Indlela yePad yeReagent eGuquguqukayo
Le yikhithi onokuyithenga kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Kule nto, emva kokuba ukhuphe indle, kufuneka ufake iphedi okanye ithishu ekhethekileyo egqunywe yinto ethile yekhemikhali kwisitya sendlu yangasese. Ukuba kukho igazi kwindle, iphedi iya kutshintsha umbala. Ungakwenza oku kangangeentsuku ezintathu kwaye uxele iziphumo kugqirha wakho.
Ufanele uzilungiselele njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Ukulungiselela kwakho kuchaphazela kakhulu ukuchaneka kweziphumo zolu vavanyo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo. Ingakumbi ukuba wenza indlela ye-gFOBT, kufuneka uzinyamekele ezi zinto kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ngaphambi kovavanyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze nantoni na uze ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukutya ekufuneka ukuphephe:
- Ezinye iziqhamo nemifuno eluhlaza (umz. iiradishes, ibroccoli)
- Inyama ebomvu (njengenyama yenkomo nebhokhwe. Kulungile ukutya inkukhu nehagu)
- Izinto ekufuneka zinqunyelwe:
- Ukutya, iziselo, kunye neepilisi ezinevithamini C eninzi (ungasebenzisi ngaphezu kwe-250 milligrams ngosuku)
- Amayeza owasebenzisayo:
- Amanye amayeza eentlungu (umz., i-aspirin, i-ibuprofen) kunye nezongezo zesinyithi zinokubangela iziphumo ezingezizo. Ngoko ke, xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo. Uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uyeke na ukuwasebenzisa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho kuqala.
Kucetyiswa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka emva kweminyaka engama-45. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba awuzange wenze i-colonoscopy, oluvavanyo lomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu.
Zithini iziphumo?
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu wonke umntu anawo. Makhe sibone indlela yokutolika iziphumo.
Ukuba iziphumo zilungile
"I-Positive" ithetha ukuba bekukho igazi kwisampuli yendle yakho. Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku. Oku akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Kuthetha nje ukuba kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuze kufunyanwe ukuba yintoni ebangela igazi. Okulandelayo, ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi uya kucebisa uvavanyo olufana ne-colonoscopy. Oku kunokujonga ngaphakathi kwikholoni yakho yonke ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba igazi livela phi kanye nokuba yintoni ebangela oko.
Ukuba isiphumo asilunganga
"I-Negative" ithetha ukuba bekungekho gazi kwisampuli yendle evavanyiweyo. Ezi ziindaba ezimnandi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimhlaza okanye iithumba azisoloko zopha. Ke ngoko, ayingombono ulungileyo ukulinda de iziphumo zibe negative kwaye ungaphindi uvavanywe. Kubalulekile ukuphinda uvavanywe ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo, njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ezilungileyo/ezingalunganga ezingezizo?
Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha oko kunokwenzeka.
- Ubuxoki Obubonisa Ukuba Negazi: Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uvavanya ngexesha lokuya kwakho exesheni, ukuba unegazi kumchamo wakho, ukuba une-hemorrhoids eziqhumayo kwaye ziphuma igazi. Kungabangelwa kukutya okuthile kunye namayeza.
- I-False Negative (ebonisa ukuba igazi alikho):Ekubeni ezinye iithumba okanye umhlaza zingasoloko zopha, oku kunokwenzeka ukuba awuzange wophe ngeentsuku ozithathile ngazo isampuli.
Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo nokuphinda iimvavanyo ngexesha elibekiweyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwegazi oluvela kwiFecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) luvavanyo olulula olujonga igazi elifihliweyo kwindle elingabonakaliyo emehlweni.
- Olu luvavanyo lokuhlola kuphela ukuze kufunyanwe izifo ezinje ngomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu.
- Ungakhathazeki ukuba iziphumo zithi "Zilungile." Oku akuthethi ukuba kukho uxilongo, kodwa kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
- Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha malunga nokutya, isiselo, kunye namayeza ngononophelo ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga noku, thetha ngazo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
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